2020版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)提能練36Alandofdiversity（含解析）新人教版.docx

課時(shí)提能練(三十六).閱讀理解A(2019濟(jì)南模擬)Lima，the capital of Peru(秘魯)，has countless museums that tourists cant afford to miss.Now start packing up and prepare for your perfect Peruvian history exploration at these wonderful museums.Larco MuseumStepping inside，visitors get to learn the 4，000 years of Peruvian preColumbian history through an unbelievable collection of objects.The best thing about the museum is that it keeps the door to the Storeroom open to visitors so that they can admire its collection closely.Gold Museum of PeruIf you like shiny objects or precious metals，then plan a trip to Gold Museum of Peru.In ancient times，the Peruvian people were celebrated for their skills with metals.And the museum is aimed at preserving this heritage.Lima Art MuseumArt experts are much pleased as the city is also home to Lima Art Museum.Its permanent exhibit of over 1，200 pieces is merely a small part of its amazing collection more than 17，000 artifacts.The highlight of the museum is its collection of Carlos BaeaFlor masterpieces，which is considered to be the most complete set in the world.Museum of Italian ArtThe only museum dedicated to European art in Peru，Museum of Italian Art is a storehouse of classical and contemporary paintings and sculptures belonging to the 20th century.The property is easily accessible by a short walk from Lima Art Museum.Museum of Natural HistoryLast but certainly not the least is the Museum of Natural History.Giving a glimpse into the rich biodiversity in Peru，the museum has on display the skeletons of a sperm whale and fossils of several mammals.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要介紹了秘魯首都利馬市的五個(gè)各具特色的博物館。1In which museum can visitors enter the Storeroom?ALarco Museum. BGold Museum of Peru.CLima Art Museum.DMuseum of Natural History.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Larco Museum部分中的“The best thing about the museum is that it keeps the door to the Storeroom open to visitors so that they can admire its collection closely”可知，這個(gè)博物館最棒的地方在于它對(duì)游客敞開了通往儲(chǔ)藏室的門，這樣游客就可以近距離欣賞它的收藏品了。故游客能夠進(jìn)入儲(chǔ)藏室的博物館是Larco Museum，故選A項(xiàng)。2What makes Gold Museum of Peru different from other museums?AIts exhibits of diversities of animals.BIts large collection of objects.CIts classical paintings and sculptures.DIts display of Peruvian skills with metals.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Gold Museum of Peru部分中的“the Peruvian people were celebrated for their skills with metals.And the museum is aimed at preserving this heritage”可知，秘魯人民因其金屬技藝而聞名，Gold Museum of Peru旨在保護(hù)這一遺產(chǎn)。因此Gold Museum of Peru與其他博物館的不同之處在于它展示并保護(hù)了秘魯人民的金屬技藝，故選D項(xiàng)。3Which museum is the closest to Lima Art Museum?AMuseum of Natural History.BMuseum of Italian Art.CLarco Museum.DGold Museum of Peru.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Museum of Italian Art部分中的“The property is easily accessible by a short walk from Lima Art Museum”可知，Museum of Italian Art距離Lima Art Museum只有一小段路，因此離Lima Art Museum最近的就是Museum of Italian Art，故選B項(xiàng)。B(2019武漢調(diào)研)When I graduated from the University of Iowa last year，I did something my friends did not understand.I left Iowa，where I had friends and stability，to live on a small houseboat near San Francisco.At school，I had found a job driving a school bus so people asked，“Why on earth are you leaving？”Well，at graduation I was presented with two thingsa degree in psychology and a question.It was the same one that many in my generation got：“What do I do now？”It was as difficult as it was common.Thats because many people at my age were raised with the same words，repeated over and over by parents，teachers and TV，that“you can be whatever you want to be”As a young boy，every time when I was puzzled about my future，they would say that they would be happy if I was happy.However，what I needed was concrete advice but not a vague idea，for example，“be a doctor，or be a bus driver”My experience was by no means universal.Many Americans are taught by their parents that the only purpose in life is to attain money and power.As a goal，this seems much easier and clearer than finding“happiness”or“gentleness”The result of this upbringing is that many of my classmates did not specialize in any particular skill，rather assuming that something would magically happen to overcome their problems.They often get a real shock when they enter the“real world”and find that their options are very limited.Many of my friends have taken jobs as waiters or cooks after graduating，or have moved back in with their parents.My life on the boat is hard at times，especially during storms.But this is my small attempt to be happy on my own.Im not buying into my nations idea of limitless possibilities because I feel that stops the growth of many of todays youth.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是文化教育類夾敘夾議文。作者用自身的經(jīng)歷指出當(dāng)今美國(guó)的一個(gè)社會(huì)問(wèn)題：青少年需要父母更為具體的引導(dǎo)和教育，讓他們知道自己將來(lái)具體想要做什么，而不是簡(jiǎn)單地告訴他們“成為你想成為的人”。4Why were the friends confused about the writers leaving?AHe was tired of driving.BHe suddenly quit school.CHe would lose his friends.DHe would lead a changing life.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞confused定位到文章第一段中的“I did something my friends did not understand.I left Iowa，where I had friends and stability，to live on a small houseboat near San Francisco”可知，作者離開了艾奧瓦州，那里有他的朋友，有穩(wěn)定的工作，但他去了舊金山附近的一個(gè)船屋，開始自己一種新的生活，他的朋友們對(duì)他的這種做法很不理解，故答案是D。5What does the writer think of the guidance he got from American society?AIts specific. BIts wrong.CIts general.DIts correct.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞guidance定位到文章的第二段，這一段講述了作者對(duì)于來(lái)自他人的指導(dǎo)的想法；根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容，尤其是其中的“what I needed was concrete advice but not a vague idea”可知，作者想要的是具體的建議，故可推知他認(rèn)為他得到的指導(dǎo)是寬泛的，故答案是C。6What directly caused a lot of Americans to have jobs lower than their expectations?ATheir achievable goals.BThe practical guidance.CBeing shocked by the real world.DLacking professional competence.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞“jobs lower than their expectations”定位到文章第三段最后一句“Many of my friends have taken jobs as waiters or cooks after graduating，or have moved back in with their parents”(我的很多朋友在畢業(yè)后都當(dāng)了服務(wù)生或廚師，或者搬回去跟父母住在一起)，上文分析了導(dǎo)致這種情況的原因“The result of this upbringing is that many of my classmates did not specialize in any particular skill”，也就是說(shuō)，父母的這種教育方式導(dǎo)致很多孩子沒(méi)有去認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)技能。故答案是D。7Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AStay where you areBBe whatever you want to beCBlind faith in industrial societyDMistaken belief in limitless possibilitiesD主旨大意題。文章主要闡述了作者指出當(dāng)前美國(guó)的一個(gè)社會(huì)問(wèn)題：父母沒(méi)有給孩子提出具體的、明確的建議，教育其孩子把錢和權(quán)力當(dāng)成了生活的唯一目標(biāo)，這導(dǎo)致很多孩子沒(méi)有去認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)技能，在走上社會(huì)之后受到了影響，只能去做一些很低層次的工作。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Im not buying.todays youth”可知，作者批評(píng)了這種教育方式，并且不再相信美國(guó)社會(huì)的“無(wú)限可能”的信念。所以答案是D。.完形填空(2019長(zhǎng)沙檢測(cè))One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future. In our _1_ we can see what has not yet happened. For example, while we are looking forward to _2_ a new place or country, we _3_ what it will be like. We predict the _4_ people will eat, dress and act. Of course, we do not always predict things _5_ . Things are often very different from the way we _6_ them to be.One of the _7_ dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist, Kekule, who had been _8_ to work out a very difficult problem in physics. He had _9_ and analyzed the problem from every angle for days, but there _10_ to be no way of _11_ out the answer. Then one night he went to bed and dreamed. When he _12_ up, he realized that he knew the answer. He had solved the problem in his _13_ .It is said that in order to figure out the process，the hypnotist(催眠者)sat in the chair opposite him and spoke _14_ ：“I want you to concentrate on my voice. Think about _15_ . You know nothing but my voice. And as you pay attention to my voice, your _16_ will get heavier. Soon youll be asleep.You will hear my voice and _17_ my words, but your body will be asleep, your eyes are too heavy. You are _18_ asleep, and when you wake up you will _19_ nothing.You will forget everything. Now I am going to _20_ slowly from one to five. One, two, three, four, five.”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。本文通過(guò)德國(guó)科學(xué)家Kekule的故事，說(shuō)明了人類大腦的神奇能力。1A.brains Bsenses Cminds Dsights C根據(jù)前一句“One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future”可知，人類思維最顯著的特點(diǎn)之一就是有想象未來(lái)的能力；據(jù)此可知，空處指“思維”，故C項(xiàng)正確。2A.visitingBseeking Creaching Ddiscovering A根據(jù)該句中的“a new place or country”可以判斷，當(dāng)我們期望去參觀(visiting)某個(gè)新地方或新國(guó)家時(shí)，我們總是想象(imagine)那里會(huì)是什么樣子。3A.imagineBknow Cfeel DguessA參見(jiàn)上題解析。4A.custom Bhabit Cstyle DwayD根據(jù)該段最后一句中的“the way”，并結(jié)合該句“We predict the _4_ people will eat，dress and act”可知，我們總會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)(這個(gè)地方的)人們的飲食、衣著和行為方式。D項(xiàng)意為“方式”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“風(fēng)俗”；B項(xiàng)意為“習(xí)慣”；C項(xiàng)意為“風(fēng)格”。5A.quickly Bsimply Ccorrectly DneatlyC根據(jù)空處后一句“Things are often very different from the way we _6_ them to be”可知，事物總是不同于我們預(yù)料的那樣；據(jù)此可以判斷，我們不是總能正確地(correctly)預(yù)測(cè)事物。6A.required BwishedCleft DexpectedD參見(jiàn)上題解析。expect“預(yù)料，預(yù)期”。7A.funny Bdull Cfamous DsillyC根據(jù)該句中的“dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist，Kekule”及下文可知，該處陳述的是歷史上著名的夢(mèng)之一是德國(guó)科學(xué)家Kekule的夢(mèng)。C項(xiàng)意為“著名的”，符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“有趣的”；B項(xiàng)意為“無(wú)趣的”；D項(xiàng)意為“愚蠢的”。8A.managingBtrying Cthinking DhopingB根據(jù)該句中的“Kekule，who had been _8_ to work out a very difficult problem in physics”及下文可知，Kekule一直在努力解一道物理難題；try to do sth.意為“努力做某事”，符合語(yǔ)境，故B項(xiàng)正確。manage to do sth.意為“設(shè)法做成某事”強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，與語(yǔ)境不符。9A.studied BlearnedCdiscussed DsearchedA根據(jù)該句中的“He had _9_ and analyzed the problem from every angle for days”可知，他從多個(gè)角度研究(studied)和分析了這個(gè)難題。10A.used Bought Cseemed DhadC根據(jù)該句中的“but there _10_ to be no way of _11_ out the answer”可知，似乎沒(méi)有辦法弄清答案。seem意為“似乎，好像”符合語(yǔ)境，故C項(xiàng)正確。11A.bringing Bfinding Cturning DlettingB參見(jiàn)上題解析。find out“弄清，查明”；bring out“使表現(xiàn)出”；