如何撰寫高質(zhì)量學(xué)術(shù)論文20110506.ppt

2019/7/16,1,如何撰寫高質(zhì)量的科技論文,阮新波,華中科技大學(xué)電氣與電子工程學(xué)院,2019/7/16,2,報(bào)告內(nèi)容,寫科技論文的意義 科技論文的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 國(guó)際期刊評(píng)審論文的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 提高論文質(zhì)量的方法 結(jié)語(yǔ),2019/7/16,3,寫科技論文的意義 科技論文的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 國(guó)際期刊評(píng)審論文的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 提高論文質(zhì)量的方法 結(jié)語(yǔ),報(bào)告內(nèi)容,2019/7/16,4,優(yōu)秀學(xué)生應(yīng)具備的基本素質(zhì),善于研究,善于寫作,善于演講,基本素質(zhì),2019/7/16,5,寫論文對(duì)研究領(lǐng)域的貢獻(xiàn),科技論文是對(duì)科學(xué)研究中提出的新思想、新方法、新概念等的總結(jié)和闡述。 發(fā)表論文是為了與同行分享所取得的科研成果，是對(duì)本領(lǐng)域的貢獻(xiàn)。 發(fā)表論文是獲得同行認(rèn)可、建立學(xué)術(shù)地位的一種途徑。,是職稱晉升、學(xué)生畢業(yè)的一個(gè)重要指標(biāo)。,2019/7/16,6,撰寫科技論文是對(duì)研究工作的整理、再認(rèn)識(shí)，可以提高自己的總結(jié)能力； 有利于弄清某些在研究中似是而非、沒有完全明白的問題，是研究過程的重要組成部分；,寫論文對(duì)自己的幫助,撰寫論文的過程中，甚至可以產(chǎn)生新的靈感。 有利于形成良好的思維方式。,2019/7/16,7,寫科技論文的意義 科技論文的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 國(guó)際期刊評(píng)審論文的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 提高論文質(zhì)量的方法 結(jié)語(yǔ),報(bào)告內(nèi)容,2019/7/16,8,科技論文的主要結(jié)構(gòu),論文題目(Paper Title) 作者(Authors),摘要(Abstract) 關(guān)鍵詞(Index Terms) 正文(Main Body) 結(jié)論(Conclusion),致謝(Acknowledgment) 參考文獻(xiàn)(References) 作者簡(jiǎn)介(Biography of Authors),2019/7/16,9,論文題目 作者 摘要 關(guān)鍵詞 正文 結(jié)論 致謝 參考文獻(xiàn) 作者簡(jiǎn)介,論文題目,論文題目要充分、合適、具體地反映論文的主要內(nèi)容、主要貢獻(xiàn)，切忌太長(zhǎng)、太大、太空，慎用“新穎的”等詞匯，最好不用縮寫。,Means of Eliminating Electrolytic Capacitor in AC/DC Power Supplies for LED Lightings Variable-Duty-Cycle Control to Achieve High Input Power Factor for DCM Boost PFC Converter,直流變換器的研究 一種新穎的感應(yīng)電機(jī)控制方法 An DEM for Buck-Boost Converter (DEM: Dual Edge Modulation ),2019/7/16,10,論文題目 作者 摘要 關(guān)鍵詞 正文 結(jié)論 致謝 參考文獻(xiàn) 作者簡(jiǎn)介,論文署名,只有對(duì)本文作出貢獻(xiàn)的作者才能署名； 署名順序按貢獻(xiàn)大小排列，第一作者應(yīng)為本文的主要貢獻(xiàn)者； 本研究工作的經(jīng)費(fèi)資助者如果對(duì)本文沒有貢獻(xiàn)，不可以作為合作作者署名。但須在致謝中表達(dá)謝意。,2019/7/16,11,論文題目 作者 摘要 關(guān)鍵詞 正文 結(jié)論 致謝 參考文獻(xiàn) 作者簡(jiǎn)介,論文摘要,摘要主要說明本文的主題、提出的方法和得出的結(jié)論。 摘要自身應(yīng)成為一個(gè)有價(jià)值的文獻(xiàn)，特別要包括本文的關(guān)鍵詞，讓讀者在閱讀本文前就大致知道本文的主要內(nèi)容和貢獻(xiàn)，而且容易被搜索引擎搜索到。 摘要中不能包括公式、參考文獻(xiàn)。 摘要一般不超過200個(gè)單詞。,2019/7/16,12,This paper proposes two methods of reducing the storage capacitance in the ac/dc power supplies for light emitting diode (LED) lighting. In doing so, film capacitors can be adopted instead of electrolytic capacitors to achieve a long power supplies lifetime. The voltage ripple of the storage capacitor is intentionally increased to reduce the storage capacitance. The method of determining the storage capacitance for ensuring that the boost power factor correction converter operates normally in the whole input voltage range is also discussed. For the purpose of further reducing the storage capacitance, a method of injecting the third harmonic current into the input current flow is proposed. While ensuring that the input power factor is always higher than 0.9 to comply with regulation standards such as ENERGY STAR, the storage capacitance can be reduced to 65.6% of that with an input power factor of 1. A 60-W experimental prototype is built to verify the proposed methods.,論文題目 作者 摘要 關(guān)鍵詞 正文 結(jié)論 致謝 參考文獻(xiàn) 作者簡(jiǎn)介,論文摘要,2019/7/16,13,論文題目 作者 摘要 關(guān)鍵詞 正文 結(jié)論 致謝 參考文獻(xiàn) 作者簡(jiǎn)介,關(guān)鍵詞,關(guān)鍵詞必須表明本文的相關(guān)領(lǐng)域、主題。 關(guān)鍵詞一般為專業(yè)詞匯和通用的詞匯，以便于搜索引擎搜索到。 關(guān)鍵詞一般為35個(gè)。,Harmonic current injection, Light-Emitted Diode (LED), power factor correction (PFC), power supply, voltage ripple.,14,論文題目 作者 摘要 關(guān)鍵詞 正文 結(jié)論 致謝 參考文獻(xiàn) 作者簡(jiǎn)介,引言,明確本文的研究對(duì)象及其研究意義(重要性、應(yīng)用前景)。 對(duì)相關(guān)研究工作進(jìn)行恰當(dāng)評(píng)述(國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀)，并指出存在的問題和不足。 本文的主要貢獻(xiàn)(針對(duì)什么問題提出什么方法，結(jié)果如何)。 簡(jiǎn)要說明本文的架構(gòu)。,引言是論文最難寫的部分。 需要有較大的閱讀量，尤其是閱讀相關(guān)領(lǐng)域重要期刊和會(huì)議論文。,2019/7/16,15,The rapid development of LED over the last few years has opened up new opportunities in the general illumination market, thanks to its distinct advantages such as high efficacy, long lifetime, environmental friendliness, and small size over incandescent and fluorescent lamps 14. The power supply for LED lighting is an ac/dc converter, which converts a regular ac voltage to a low dc voltage for an LED driver. The input power factor is an important requirement of the ac/dc converter. It needs to be higher than 0.9 for most commercial luminaries 5. Thus, the ac/dc converter must typically have the function of power factor correction (PFC). In a PFC converter, the input current is forced to be in phase with the input voltage, leading to a pulsating input power, while the output power is constant. To achieve this, a storage capacitor with large capacitance is required for balancing the instantaneous power difference. Due to the high capacity required for capacitance, an electrolytic capacitor is often used as the storage capacitor. However, it is well known that because of its liquid electrolyte, the lifetime of an electrolytic capacitor is quite limited with only several thousand hours under rated operating conditions. Even with a conservative design, the theoretical lifetime of electrolytic capacitors is only about 3 000 h (at a high operating LEDs temperature) 6. This is much shorter than the potential lifetime of LEDs (50 000 h). Thus, the electrolytic capacitor is an obstacle to the overall long-term reliability of the LED and its power supply.,論文題目 作者 摘要 關(guān)鍵詞 正文 結(jié)論 致謝 參考文獻(xiàn) 作者簡(jiǎn)介,引言,LED的優(yōu)點(diǎn),LED電源需要 功率因數(shù)校正(PFC)功能,PFC變換器需要很大的儲(chǔ)能電容,儲(chǔ)能電容壽命較短， 與LED的長(zhǎng)壽命不相匹配,2019/7/16,16,A review of literature shows that a variety of LED power supplies and driver solutions, which can accurately control the current of the LED while achieving a near-unity input power factor, have been proposed 710. However, an electrolytic capacitor is required in these applications. PFC converters can be classified into two types: two-stage and single-stage. Two-stage PFC converters consist of a PFC stage and a dc/dc stage. They have been widely applied in adaptors for laptops and silver box 1114. Single-stage PFC converters integrate the PFC stage and the dc/dc stage, leading to simple topology and low cost. They are suitable for low-power applications 1518. Unfortunately, no effective method has been proposed to significantly reduce the storage capacitance in a PFC converter such that a long lifetime of a converter can be achieved.,論文題目 作者 摘要 關(guān)鍵詞 正文 結(jié)論 致謝 參考文獻(xiàn) 作者簡(jiǎn)介,引言,PFC變換器的研究綜述， 指出這些方案都不能減小儲(chǔ)能電容,2019/7/16,17,論文題目 作者 摘要 關(guān)鍵詞 正文 結(jié)論 致謝 參考文獻(xiàn) 作者簡(jiǎn)介,正文主體部分,闡述所提出方法 相關(guān)理論分析 仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,II. Increase of the Voltage Ripple to Reduce the Storage Capacitor Relationship Between Voltage Ripple and Storage Capacitance of a Two-Stage PFC Converter Maximum, Minimum, and Average Values of the Storage Capacitors Voltage Design Example III. Injection of Harmonic Current to Reduce the Storage Capacitor Relationship Between Storage Capacitance and Input Power Factor Relationship Between Third Harmonic Injection and Storage Capacitance Control Method of Third Harmonic Injection IV. Experimental Verification,2019/7/16,18,論文題目 作者 摘要 關(guān)鍵詞 正文 結(jié)論 致謝 參考文獻(xiàn) 作者簡(jiǎn)介,結(jié)論,對(duì)本文工作進(jìn)行小結(jié)，簡(jiǎn)要概括本文所提出的新方法、新理論和新技術(shù)，說明它們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 可分1, 2, , n點(diǎn)，也可分幾段。 不要含有參考文獻(xiàn)，公式和圖表。 部分內(nèi)容可與摘要重復(fù)。,2019/7/16,19,論文題目 作者 摘要 關(guān)鍵詞 正文 結(jié)論 致謝 參考文獻(xiàn) 作者簡(jiǎn)介,結(jié)論,This paper proposes two methods that can be used to significantly reduce the storage capacitance, so that film capacitors, instead of electrolytic capacitors, can be adopted to achieve a long lifetime of the PFC converter. In a two-stage PFC converter, a storage capacitor is used to balance the pulsating input power and the dc constant output power. To significantly reduce the storage capacitor, the voltage ripple of the storage capacitor can be intentionally increased. However, a very large voltage ripple can result in the unstable operation of the boost PFC converter and a very high voltage stress on the power switches. This paper gives the derivation of the relationship between the voltage ripple and the value of the storage capacitor, and proposes a guideline for the selection of a suitable value for the storage capacitor. Moreover, a method of injecting the third harmonic current into the input current flow is proposed to reduce the pulsation of the input power. This can further reduce the storage capacitance. While keeping the input power factor at 0.9 to comply with the requirement of ENERGY STAR, the storage capacitor can be reduced to 65.6% of that with an input power factor of 1. A 60-W prototype was built and tested. Experimental results validated the feasibility of the proposed methods.,2019/7/16,20,論文題目 作者 摘要 關(guān)鍵詞 正文 結(jié)論 致謝 參考文獻(xiàn) 作者簡(jiǎn)介,致謝,ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors would like to thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) for the financial support under the award 50837003. The authors would like to thank S. Y. Lam for able assistance in developing the experimental prototypes. The authors would like to acknowledge the contribution of Golden Regent Electronics Industrial Limited for making the high-voltage transformer. The authors would like to thank Dr. S.-C. Tan from Hong Kong Polytechnical University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, for the revision of this paper.,本文工作的資助方。 參與討論并提供有價(jià)值建議的人員。 提供功率器件及相關(guān)設(shè)備的公司和人員。 幫助樣機(jī)制作的技術(shù)人員。 相關(guān)測(cè)試人員。 ,2019/7/16,21,論文題目 作者 摘要 關(guān)鍵詞 正文 結(jié)論 致謝 參考文獻(xiàn) 作者簡(jiǎn)介,參考文獻(xiàn),Style for conference publications: Authors (first initials followed by last name), title of paper, in title of conference, date of conference, and page numbers (inclusive). 1 A. B. Researcher and I. N. Elper, “Loss-based analysis of switching converters under closed-loop controls,” in Proc. IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conf., 2010, pp. 3917-3926. Style for periodical journal publications: Authors (first initials followed by last name), title of paper, title of periodical, volume, page numbers (inclusive), month and year. 2 C. D. Aodiet, R. G. Gue, and P. R. Phakter, “The Ran-Duga method for ac-ac converter operation,” IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, vol. 37, pp. 7721-7727, October 2014. Style for books: Authors (first initials followed by last name), book title. Publisher location: publisher name, year, chapter or page numbers. 3 B. B. Eriffel, The Design of Microwatt Power Devices. London: Energy Unit Publishers, 2012, Chap. 72.,2019/7/16,22,Xinbo Ruan (M97SM02) was born in Hubei Province, China, in 1970. He received the B.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA), Nanjing, China, in 1991 and 1996, respectively. In 1996, he joined the Faculty of Electrical Engineering Teaching and Research Division, NUAA, where he became a Professor in 2002 at the College of Automation Engineering and has been engaged in teaching and research in the field of power electronics. From August to October 2007, he was a Research Fellow in the Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Hong Kong. Since March 2008, he has been with the College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. He has authored or coauthored more than 100 technical papers in journals and conferences and also published three books. His current research interests include soft-switching dc/dc converters, soft-switching inverters, power factor correction converters, modeling the converters, power electronics system integration, and renewable energy generation system. Dr. Ruan was the recipient of Delta Scholar by the Delta Environment and Education Fund in 2003, and was awarded the Special Appointed Professor of the Chang Jiang Scholars Program, by the Ministry of Education, China, in 2007. He is also the Guest Professor of Beijing Jiaotong University, China, and Hefei University of Technology, China. Since 2005, he has been the Vice President of the China Power Supply Society, and since 2008, he has been the member of the Technical Committee on Renewable Energy Systems within the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. He is a Senior Member of the IEEE Power Electronics Society and the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.,論文題目 作者 摘要 關(guān)鍵詞 正文 結(jié)論 致謝 參考文獻(xiàn) 作者簡(jiǎn)介,作者簡(jiǎn)介,姓名，出生地點(diǎn)、日期，學(xué)歷,工作經(jīng)歷,發(fā)表論文和獲得專利,研究興趣或方向,獲得榮譽(yù),學(xué)術(shù)兼職,學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)員,2019/7/16,23,寫科技論文的意義 科技論文的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 國(guó)際期刊評(píng)審論文的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 提高論文質(zhì)量的方法 結(jié)語(yǔ),報(bào)告內(nèi)容,2019/7/16,24,Basic Qualification Questions,IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics的評(píng)閱表,What is the new contribution of this paper? (Based on your assessment rather than on author statements.) Does the contribution have good archival value, or is it only an incremental addition to existing knowledge?,2019/7/16,25,Paper Grading,IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics的評(píng)閱表,2019/7/16,26,IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics的評(píng)閱表,Recommendation,2019/7/16,27,IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics的評(píng)閱表,Comments,Confidential comments to the Editor. Comments to the Author,2019/7/16,28,寫科技論文的意義 科技論文的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 國(guó)際期刊評(píng)審論文的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 提高論文質(zhì)量的方法 結(jié)語(yǔ),報(bào)告內(nèi)容,2019/7/16,29,論文的寫作步驟,第一步：撰寫論文主體部分(不包括引言),第二步：撰寫結(jié)論,第三步：撰寫引言,第四步：撰寫摘要,第五步：確定論文題目,2019/7/16,30,圖形繪制的原則,畫圖工具：Microsoft Office Visio 2003,圖形盡量緊湊，以節(jié)約版面，同時(shí)保證縮小時(shí)字體不會(huì)太小。,圖形放到正文中時(shí)，其字符原則上不能大于正文文字大小。畫圖時(shí)，建議字符和公式的字體用Times New Roman，字號(hào)用10pts，這樣貼到論文中時(shí)，可以不縮小或縮小到90%。(論文正文字號(hào)一般為10pts),圖形應(yīng)美觀大方，給人的第一感覺是看到圖，然后才是字符和標(biāo)注，否則有喧賓奪主之虞。,圖形縮放時(shí)，應(yīng)成比例縮放，以免變形。,2019/7/16,31,電路圖的繪制,Visio軟件自帶的元器件庫(kù)有的不太美觀，使用時(shí)也不便于自己編輯。建議自己設(shè)計(jì)元器件庫(kù)。,一般的線條粗細(xì)選擇3pts，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)選擇為5pts。,工作的元器件用實(shí)線，不工作的用虛線(10#線型較為美觀)。,2019/7/16,32,工作波形的繪制,直線一定要直，不能斜。,有規(guī)律的線型盡量準(zhǔn)確，比如正弦波形，可以利用Mathcad軟件匯出，再copy到Visio里編輯。,工作波形用實(shí)線，5pts；用來標(biāo)注的線型用10#虛線，3pts。,工作波形的零位一定要標(biāo)出。以便于看懂。,每個(gè)波形的符號(hào)必須標(biāo)出，標(biāo)注位置視具體情況而定，不一定標(biāo)在縱座標(biāo)處。,橫坐標(biāo)，如時(shí)間軸，必須標(biāo)出。,2019/7/16,33,仿真波形的編輯,仿真或計(jì)算得到的波形或曲線，所采用的軟件自身會(huì)給出相應(yīng)的符號(hào)和標(biāo)注的字體和大小并不一定適合直接貼在正文中，為此可以將其copy到Visio中進(jìn)行處理。,可將波形或曲線中不必要的部分裁減掉，補(bǔ)充適當(dāng)?shù)臋M坐標(biāo)和縱座標(biāo)刻度。,波形符號(hào)可在圖形的相應(yīng)位置標(biāo)出，原則上應(yīng)在垂直方向?qū)R。,2019/7/16,34,實(shí)驗(yàn)波形的編輯,示波器測(cè)得的波形由于探頭衰減等原因，其每個(gè)波形的標(biāo)尺不太直接。因此可將該圖copy到Visio中進(jìn)行處理。,可將波形中不必要的部分裁減掉，但是每個(gè)波形的零位必須保留，以便于閱讀波形的幅值大小。,在Visio中給出每個(gè)波形的縱座標(biāo)標(biāo)尺，同時(shí)給出時(shí)間標(biāo)尺。,如果波形很多，如果每個(gè)波形中都給出縱座標(biāo)標(biāo)尺，可能會(huì)使得字符比較擁擠，甚至?xí)旱讲ㄐ?。此時(shí)波形中可不給出標(biāo)尺，標(biāo)尺可在圖說中給出。,2019/7/16,35,引言和參考文獻(xiàn),寫作引言之前，應(yīng)收集、整理自己已閱讀過的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)。,閱讀擬投稿的期刊近23年發(fā)表的論文的目錄，從中找出與本文相關(guān)的文獻(xiàn)，并仔細(xì)閱讀，盡量加以引用。,盡量引用與本文內(nèi)容相關(guān)的國(guó)際上知名學(xué)者的論文。,引用的參考文獻(xiàn)盡量給予適當(dāng)?shù)脑u(píng)價(jià)和說明，并在相關(guān)處標(biāo)注其編號(hào)。,除非是綜述性的論文，參考文獻(xiàn)一般列寫1520篇。綜述性的論文參考文獻(xiàn)數(shù)量可適當(dāng)多一些。,同一篇論文如果即發(fā)表在會(huì)議論文集中，又發(fā)表在期刊中，原則上只列出發(fā)表在期刊上的論文。,2019/7/16,36,論文寫作的規(guī)范性,在寫作之前，最好閱讀幾篇擬投稿期刊的論文，以了解期刊論文的大致情況。,閱讀擬投期刊的投稿須知(Guidelines for Authors/Information for Authors)，了解論文投稿的格式和要求。,論文的題目、作者、摘要、關(guān)鍵詞、小節(jié)題目、參考文獻(xiàn)等的字體、大小、大小寫、是否斜體等要嚴(yán)格按照要求。,有的期刊(如IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics)要求投稿的論文采用單欄、2倍行間距排版，而有的期刊(如IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics)要求雙欄、單倍行間距排版 ，此時(shí)圖表應(yīng)放在左上角、右上角、左下角或右下角，即“頂天立地”，原則上多個(gè)圖集中放在一起。,2019/7/16,37,論文的修改,論文投稿后，經(jīng)相關(guān)審稿專家審稿后，會(huì)回饋審稿意見。對(duì)于審稿意見要認(rèn)真閱讀，并嚴(yán)格按照審稿人的意見和建議進(jìn)行修改，切忌與審稿人辯論！,修改論文時(shí)，應(yīng)在相應(yīng)出用粗體或顏色標(biāo)出。,撰寫修改說明。針對(duì)審稿人的每條意見說明修改情況。語(yǔ)氣要客氣、謙虛，切不可流出不滿的情緒。對(duì)于無法補(bǔ)充或修改的地方要盡量說明原因。修改說明要盡量簡(jiǎn)潔！,請(qǐng)記住，國(guó)際期刊的審稿人都是Volunteer，沒有任何報(bào)酬，全是義務(wù)勞動(dòng)。他們花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間閱讀我們的論文，并給出意見和建議，我們要心存感激。,2019/7/16,38,論文的修改,Notes to the Reviewers/