沈陽初三英語家教綜合閱讀_指代主旨修飾及翻譯技巧吳軍講義.doc.doc

沈陽吳軍高分英語家教024-316889481沈陽吳軍高分英語家教地址：鐵西區(qū)啟工街地鐵口旁第一城D組團(tuán)5號(hào)27層網(wǎng)址:電話：2014綜合閱讀(指代/主旨/修飾詞/翻譯真題)精講教案指代題指代題作為詞義題的一種，也是常見題型之一。解這類題，要注意代詞批代總的原則就近指代：代詞指代在性(陰性或陽性)、數(shù)(單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù))、格(主格或賓格)、邏輯、意義、位置等方面與之接近的名詞。就位置而言，如上所述，代詞所指代的名詞通常在本句或其上句之中；就數(shù)而言，單數(shù)代詞指代單數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)代詞指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞：2008年后一直到2012年,沈陽中考英語有了指代題,其指代的一般是前句的名詞，要找對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，主語找找語，賓語找賓語，還要看指代詞是it,this,that,one(單數(shù)名詞，不可數(shù)名詞)，還是those,these,ones(復(fù)數(shù)名詞)?-they指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞主格；Wehopethatgreenbuildingswillbecomecommoninthefuture,because(E)theyaregoodfortheenvironment.劃線部分E在文中指代的是_them指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞賓格:TheGreenSingapore2050(GS2050)isacommunityplatform(社區(qū)平臺(tái))foryoungpeopletoexpresstheirgreatworriesaboutenvironmentalproblems,andthinkofsolutions(解決方法)for(E)them.(2012年沈陽中考)92.文中劃線部分（E）指代的是：_Theyalsogaveussignswithnumberson(C)themforcompetitionsduringtheshow.(2008沈陽中考)劃線部分C在文中指代的是_數(shù)(單數(shù))：it指代單數(shù)名詞(單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞)，也可指代一個(gè)句子.Theboylookedatmeclosely.Thenhetookasecondpieceofmychocolate.Icouldhardlybelieveit.（B）StillIdidntsayanythingtohim.Whenhetookathirdpiece,Ifeltmoreangrythanuneasy.Ithought,“Well,Ishallhavethelastpiece.”AndIgot(C)it.(2007年沈陽中考)83.文中能替代劃線部分C的短語是_沈陽吳軍高分英語家教024-316889482Italsosaysthattheideathatweneedlesssleepaswegetolderiscompletelyuntrue(D)Peoplehavenoideahowimportantsleepistotheirlives，”DrThomasRoth，directoroftheFoundationsays“Goodhealthneedsgoodsleep.“Butnottoomuchof(E)it，”saysProfessorJimHomeofLoughboroughUniversity(2009沈陽中考)劃線部分E在文中指代的是_“Manyteachersareundergreaterpressure(壓力)thaneverbefore,”saysKyleneBeers,PresidentoftheNationalCouncilforteachersofEnglish,“Someof(E)itcomesfromparents,somefromthewishforhighscoresontests.”Teacherswhoareunderpressurefeeltheneedtoassignmorehomework.(2011沈陽中考)91.文中劃線部分（E）指代的是:Ane-readerhasthememoryspacetoholdhundredsofbooksSopeoplewantto(A)扔掉沉?xí)黙ndreadwithsmall,lighte-readersForexample，CushingAcademy，ahighschoolinMassachusetts，USA，replaced(替換)mostofthe20，000booksin(B)itslibrarylastsummerTeachersandstudentswillusee-readersinstead(2010沈陽中考)90.文中劃線部分(B)指代的是:9Thenextdayapictureofablackhorsewasonthedoorofthebarinsteadof(E)thatofthewhitehorse.(2009沈陽中考模擬)劃線部分E在文中指代的是_性、數(shù):Maxpulledbillstrousers,asif(E)hewastryingtopullhimalong.(2008沈陽中考)劃線部分E在文中指代的是_Oneday,IcouldntdoitanylongerandIsuddenly(D)startedcrying,“Great!”saidthedirector.“Ilikeit.Sheiscryingwithtruefeelings!”Icalledmymumtotell(E)heraboutitbutmymobilephone(手機(jī))wouldntworkinthevillage.(2011沈陽中考)87.文中劃線部分（E）指代的是:one指代單可數(shù)名詞等。Mr.Zhanggavemeaveryvaluablepresent,one(=apresent)thatIhaveneverseen.Hegavememanyvaluablepresents,ones(=manypresents)thatIhaveneverseen.除了位置、性、數(shù)和格等方面的要求外，邏輯和意義也是衡量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，也就是說，正確的答案應(yīng)該從意義(主要指語法搭配)上和邏輯(主要指思想內(nèi)容)上而言都通順。沈陽吳軍高分英語家教024-316889483找修飾或描寫詞語(一般是指形容詞或副詞)描寫人首先找到表示人的名詞或代詞,看其表語或修飾定語用了什么形容詞；描寫物首先找到表示物的名詞或代詞,看其表語或修飾定語用了什么形容詞；找整體的描述詞則需看每一段的首尾句,看一看用了哪些形容詞?Therewasonceawomanwhowantedalittlechild.But(A)shedidnotknowwhereshecouldgetone.Soshewenttoanoldwomanwhoknewaboutmagic.Theoldwomanaskedhertoplantsomemagicgrassinasmallpotandwait.Thewomanwenthome(B)themagicgrassandplanteditinapot.(C)Atoncealarge,beautifulflowergrewinthepot.“Thatisabeautifulflower,”saidthewoman,andthewoman,andshekissedit.Justasshekisseditthefloweropened.Alittlegirlwassittinginsidetheflower.(D)Shewasalovelygirl,butshewassosmall!Shewassmallerthanathumb,soshewas(E)namedTumbling.90找出文中描寫小女孩的詞語：-Thelittlemermaid(美人魚)livedinacastleinthesea.Shewasabeautifulgirlwithnofeet.Becauseherbodyendedinafishstail.(2013沈陽中考模擬)Onefineday,shesawtheshipofahandsomeprince.Suddenlytheseastartedtogetrough(洶涌).Ahugewavecapsized(傾覆)theshipbuttheprincedidnotknowhowtoswim.Thelittlemermaidsavedhim.Shetookhimtoabeachandreturnedtothesea.Whentheprincewokeup,hesawagirl.Hethoughtthegirlsavedhislife.Hewantedtothankthegirl,but(A)hewastooweaktospeak.Thelittlemermaidfellinlovewiththeprinceandwantedtobehuman.Shewenttoseeawitchto(B)_herfishstailintolegs,soshecouldbewiththeprince.Themermaidhadabeautifulvoice.Thewitchmadeherexchangehervoiceforthemedicinethatwouldgiveherlegs.Thewitchtoldthelittlemermaidthatshemustwintheprinceslove,(C)orshewoulddie.Thenextnightsheswamtothebeach.Herlegsgrewandshewalkedtotheprincespalace.Shedancedfortheprincebutshecouldnottalktohim.Tohersurprise,theprincetoldher,hewouldgetmarriedtothewomanwhosavedhislife.”Thelittlemermaidwasverysad.Thatnight,shedreamedaboutthewitch.Thewitchtoldhertokilltheprincesoshecouldliveandbecomeamermaidagain.Thelittlemermaiddecidedthatshecouldnotkilltheprince,soshe(D)跳入大海tokillherself.Thegodsoftheairsavedher,becauseherheartwaspure(純潔的)andtodayshelivesinthewindwithherfriends.80.在文中找出描寫美人魚的兩個(gè)形容詞:沈陽吳軍高分英語家教024-316889484May20isNationalStudentNutritionDay(營養(yǎng)日).Whyisstudentnutritionimportant?Justasacellphoneneedsenergyfromcharging(充電),wehumansneedenergyfromfood.Whileeatingfoodistheonlywayto(A)使我們強(qiáng)壯，whatweeatandthewayweeatitarealsoveryimportant,becausetheydecide(B)whetherwecangetgoodnutrition.Manyofushavebadeatinghabits.Forexample,somedonteatbreakfast.Otherseattoo(C)_fastfood.Thesebadhabitsmaycausenutritionproblems,whicharebadforthegrowthofourbodies.Astudybythegovernmentin2005showedthat(D)over20percentofpeopleaged13to20havenutritionproblems,suchasobesity(肥胖)andhighbloodpressure.MorestudentsofChinesemiddleandprimaryschoolsare(E)_havingnutritiousmeals,suchasmilkandfruit.Thisyear,thetheme(主題)ofNationalstudentNutritionDayis“improvethenutritionofstudentsinthecountryside”.(F)Thegovernmentwillspendquitealothelpingstudentsgetnutritiousmeals.(2012沈陽中考)88.從文中找出一個(gè)有關(guān)營養(yǎng)不良的癥狀的詞語:_。-Whatisitlikebeinganactor?Manypeoplethinkitmustbewonderfulbecausewetraveltoexcitingplaces,wearbeautifulclothesand(A)掙錢多.Thisisonlyoneaspect(方面)ofourlivesthough.Wealsoworkveryhard.(2011沈陽中考)Iplayedacountrygirlinmylast(B)movie.Ihadtoliveinasmallvillagewiththeotheractorsforpartofthewinter.(C)ItwasreallyhardformeasIgrewupinacity.Tohelpmeplayacountrygirlbetter,Icookedformyselfandtheotherseveryday.Ievenwalkedafewmilessometimestogetwater,astherewasnoneinthehouses.Iwantedtounderstandhowarealvillagegirllived.Ithoughtitwasfunatfirst.Ifeltdifferentafteraweekortwo,though.Ididwearsomebeautifultraditionalclothes,buttheywerenotthickenough.IwasverycoldbutIhadtokeepsmilingallthetime!Oneday,IcouldntdoitanylongerandIsuddenly(D)startedcrying,“Great!”saidthedirector.“Ilikeit.Sheiscryingwithtruefeelings!”Icalledmymumtotell(E)Heraboutitbutmymobilephone(手機(jī))wouldntworkinthevillage.Ithinkitisworthdoingallthis,though.Ilikeitwhenpeopletellmetheyenjoymyplaysandaskmetosignapicture.Itisalsofuntobesomeoneelseforawhile.Imveryluckytobeanactor.88.從文中找出有關(guān)贊美方面的兩個(gè)形容詞:沈陽吳軍高分英語家教024-316889485Doyoucarrytoomuchonthewaytoschoolorhome?DontworryTrye-readers(電子閱讀器)andsaygoodbyetoyourheavyschoolbagAne-readerhasthememoryspacetoholdhundredsofbooksSopeoplewantto(A)扔掉沉?xí)黙ndreadwithsmall,lighte-readersForexample，CushingAcademy，ahighschoolinMassachusetts，USA，replaced(替換)mostofthe20，000booksin(B)itslibrarylastsummerTeachersandstudentswillusee-readersinsteadMoste-readersarethinandweighlessthan500gTheycandownload(下載)ane-bookin60seconds.“Its(C)soeasyYoucanhavealotofbooksrightatyourfingers!”saidMeghanChensuskyChineseschoolchildrenarealsotryinge-readersAttheShanghaiWorldExpo(世博會(huì))，ane-schoolbagisnowonshowItisaspeciale-readerStudentscanuseittodownloadtextbooksfromtheschoolservers(服務(wù)器).(D)ItcanalsosendandreceivehomeworkSomeSchoolsinBeijingandShanghaihavetriedthise-schoolbagforafewyears“ItsexcellentI(E)donthavetocarryaheawschoolbaganymore,”saidXiaoQi，15，BeijingNewe-readersarenotjustforreadingTheyhaveWi-Fiandmultimedia(無線電視和多媒體)Parentsworrythatthesemayhurttheirchildrensstudyhabits“IthinkWi-Fiisnotnecessaryforkids，”saidZengWenwen,43,Beijing(2010沈陽中考)93從文中找出兩個(gè)修飾或描寫e-reader的形容詞：_LastFriday,afterdoingallthefamilyshoppingintown,Iwantedtohavearestbeforecatchingthetrain.Iboughtanewspaperandsomechocolateandwentintothestationcoffeeshop.Itwasacheapself-serviceplacewithlongtablestositat.Iputmyheavybagdownonthefloor,putthenewspaperandchocolateonthetableandthen(A)去要一杯咖啡.WhenIcamebackwiththecoffee,therewassomeonesittinginthenextseat.Itwasaboy,withdarkglassesandoldclothes,andhishairwascolouredbrightredatthefront.Hehadstartedtoeatmychocolate!Naturally,Iwasratheruneasyabouthim,butIdidntwanttohaveanytrouble.Ijustlookeddownatthefrontpageofthenewspaper,tastedmycoffeeandtookabitofchocolate.Theboylookedatmeclosely.Thenhetookasecondpieceofmychocolate.Icouldhardlybelieveit.（B）StillIdidntsayanythingtohim.Whenhetookathirdpiece,Ifeltmoreangrythanuneasy.Ithought,“Well,Ishallhavethelastpiece.”AndIgot(C)it.Theboygavemeastrangelook,thenstoodup.Asheleftheshoutedout,“Theressomethingwrongwiththatwoman!”Everyonelookedatme,butIdidnotwanttoquarrelwiththeboy,soIkeptquiet.IdidnotrealizethatIhadmademistakeuntilIfinishedmycoffeeandwasreadytoleave.MyfaceturnedredwhenIsawmyunopenedchocolate(D)_thenewspaper.ThechocolatethatIhadbeeneatingwastheboys!(2007沈陽中考)85.文中描寫男孩目光神情的詞語是_沈陽吳軍高分英語家教024-316889486OneofthestrangestjobsattheOscarsisthatofaseat-filler.Whenoneofthestarsneedstogotothebathroom,aseat-fillersitsinthestarsseat.Thatway,theTVcameraswontshowanyemptyseats.KathyMullertalksabouthernightasaseat-filler.(A)Iwastoldtoreachthetheaterinthemiddleoftheday,wearingmydressfortheevening.Therewereabout200ofusseat-fillers,allveryexcited.Weweretoldwhatweshouldandshouldntdo(forexample,Donttalktothestars),andthen(B)我們一直等到五點(diǎn)鐘。Thatswhenthestarsstartedcoming.Theshowstartedatsixoclock.Wehadtostandoutsidethedoors.Then,whensomeonecameputtogotothebathroomorhaveacigarette(香煙),weweretoldtogoandsitintheirseat.(C)Theshowwasthreehourslong,andIonlysatdownfivetimes.Bytheend,Iwasreallytired,butIwashappybecause,duringtheevening,IsatbehindJimCarrey(hesverytall!)andclosetoDenzelWashington,NicoleKidmanandJuliaRoberts.Itwasanexcitingnight,butIthink(D)_yearIllwatchtheOscarsonTVathomelikeeveryoneelse!(2006沈陽中考)85.從短文中找出兩個(gè)描寫心情的形容詞主旨題(中心思想題/主題句)秘訣一:文章每一段的首尾句反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的名詞或名詞詞組就是主旨大意的中心詞!Singaporeisnotjustacleanandtidycityintheworld,itsalsothegreenest.Thereare(A)三個(gè)原因whyitisso.(2012年沈陽中考)Say“No”towasteSingaporeansdonotwasteasingledropofwater.Theyrecycle(再循環(huán))waterandsave(B)almostallrainfall.Thewatercanbeusedforindustryandevendrinking.Many“green”buildings.TheDuke-NNsGraduateMedicalSchoolisoneofthegreatexamplesof(C)prettygreendesign.Itusessustainabledesignelements(可持續(xù)發(fā)展的設(shè)計(jì)元素)initsschoolbuilding.(D)Singaporehasmanygreenbuildingslikethis.GetthemwhiletheyreyoungTheGreenSingapore2050(GS2050)isacommunityplatform(社區(qū)平臺(tái))foryoungpeopletoexpresstheirgreatworriesaboutenvironmentalproblems,andthinkofsolutions(解決方法)for(E)them.Why2050?Itsbecausetheseyoungpeoplewillbetheonestorunthecountryin2050,andhopefullytheywillsolvetheworldsproblems.93.從文中找出能說明本文主旨大意的中心詞：。沈陽吳軍高分英語家教024-316889487Ayounggirlsitsatherdesk,reviewingherhomeworkfortheevening.English:Readthreechaptersandwriteareport.Math:Complete30problems.Science:Doaworksheet,frontandback.French:(A)Studynewwordsfortomorrowstest.Itsgoingtobealongnight.ThishappenstostudentsinAmerica.Nowitstimetostartahomeworkrevolution(變革).DostudentsintheUnitedStatesreceivetoomuchhomework?AccordingtotheNationalEducationAssociation,astudentshouldbeassigned(布置)nomorethan10minutespergradelevelpernight.Forexample,afirstgradershouldonlyhave10minutesofhomework,a(B)grader,20minutes,andsoon.Thismeansthatastudentinmygradeseventhshouldhavenomorethan70minutesofwork(C)eachnight.Yetthisisoftendoubled,sometimesevenworse!Itsnogoodgivingstudentstoomuchhomework.Accordingtoresearch,kidsaredevelopingmoreillnessatschool,suchasstomachaches,headachesandsleepproblemsthanbefore.Everybody(D)thatteachersaretheoneswhoassignhomework,buttheyarenottheonlyonestoblame(受責(zé)備).“Manyteachersareundergreaterpressure(壓力)thaneverbefore,”saysKyleneBeers,PresidentoftheNationalCouncilforteachersofEnglish,“Someof(E)itcomesfromparents,somefromthewishforhighscoresontests.”Teacherswhoareunderpressurefeeltheneedtoassignmorehomework.Somepeoplehavedifferentideas,sayingthathomeworkprepareskidsfordoingbetterinhighschool,betterincollege,and(F)今后找到更好的工作.Buttoomuchhomeworkissappingstudentsstrength,curiosity（削弱學(xué)生的個(gè)性和好奇心),andmostimportantly,theirloveoflearning,isthatreallywhatteachersandparentswant?(2011沈陽中考)93.從文中找出能說明本文主旨大意的中心詞:93.homeworkIsthereachocolate-poweredracingcarintheworld?Hey!Youhavereadtoo(A)_childrensbooks!Butwait!Now，thereisreallysucharacingcarintheworldAteamfromaBritishuniversitymadeitThechocolate-poweredracingcarsengine(發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī))useswastefromchocolatefactoriesorvegetableoilasfuel(燃料)Itsbody(B)用土豆制成，itssteeringwheelismadefromcarrots，itsseatismadeofsoybeans，(C)_itsbrakepads(剎車片)aremadefromnuts!Well，canthiscarrunveryfast?(D)Certainly!Itcangofromzeroto60milesperhourin2.5seconds，andgoasfastas135milesperhourWhentheracingcarisrunning，itcleansitselfandletsoutoxygen“Ittookusmorethanninemonthsto(E)completetheracingcar，”saidateammember“ThecarisreallygreenYoucanfindmanyofthecarspartsatafarmersmarketoreveninalitterbinbecausemostofthematerials(材料)arewasteinmostpeopleseyesItsfun”However，(F)thiseco-friendly(環(huán)保的)carcannotbedrivenintheofficial(正式的)racebecauseoftheenginesunusualfue.(2010沈陽中考)88從文中找出能說明本文中心大意的短語：_沈陽吳軍高分英語家教024-316889488OperationSmilewasstartedbyadoctorandhiswife，anurseIn1982they(A)_tothePhilippines，withagroupofvolunteers(志愿者)tohelpchildrenwhohadproblemswiththeirfacesThesechildrenhadholesintheirlipsorinsidetheirmouthsItwasvery(B)difficultforthesechildrentoeatTheyhelpedmanychildreninthePhilippines，buttheyweresad，because(C)他們沒有足夠的錢tohelpallthechildren.Theydecidedtostartacharity(慈善機(jī)構(gòu))SothattheycouldhelpthemTheycalleditOperationSmileNowOperationSmilehelpschildrenin(D)morethantwentydevelopingcountriesandhascured(治愈)abouttenthousandchildrenOperationSmilehaswonmanyprizesforitsworkandin1999，anotherspecialactivitywasstarted，whichwascalled“TheWorldJourneyofHope”Duringthisactivity，morethanfivethousandchiIdrenwithholesintheirmouthsandlipswerecuredineighteendifferentcountriesaroundtheworldOperationSmilealsotrainsdoctorsindevelopingcountriesSOthattheycancontinuetohelpchildreneven(E)_theOperationSmileteamhasleftthecountryChildrenwithseriousproblemsarebroughttotheUSAfortreatment(治療)(F)Allofthiscostsalot，sopleasegiveasmuchaspossibleManythanksfromthechildrenwhocannowsmile.(2009沈陽中考)82.找出能說明本文中心大意的主題短語:秘訣二:看文章每段首尾句都含有什么中心詞,然后判斷這幾句含有中心詞的短語哪句更概括,如：thebest(first,only)waytodo；Theyweremakinge-mailsontheinternetathome),最全的就是說明主題的短語；有時(shí)或再多看一下第一段的第二句和第二段的第二句,看一看還有沒有更全面的中心短語,從而突破!InJuly2001，ZhangJian,a37-year-oldswimmerlandedinCalais,Franceafterswimmingfortwelvehours.HebecamethefirstChineseevertocrosstheEnglishChannel.The33.8-kilometrechannelhasattractedmanyswimmersbecauseitisoneofthemostdifficulttocross.ZhangJian(A)_at1:30p.m.(Beijingtime)onJuly29,2001.Afterputtingsomeoilonhisskintohelpkeepwarm,he(B)steppedintotheseafromShakespeareBeach,Dover.Mostofthetime,(C)Zhangswamfreestyletosaveenergy.Buthehadtochangehisstylealongthewaybecausetheoceancurrentschangedeverysixhoursandthewaterwassocold.Duringthecrossing,heatesomefoodandhadsomedrinks.AboutthreehoursbeforehelandedinCalais,aBritishguidejumpedintotheseaand(D)和他一起游泳.At1:25a.m.onJuly30,2001,Zhangwalkedontothebeachatlast.(E)Alotofpeoplewerewaitingforhimonthebeach.Amongthemwerehisfamilyandfriends.Theywereveryproudofhim.Aforeignreporterspokehighlyofhim,“Hehasshownuswhatiscourageandwhatisstrength.”(2007沈陽中考)90在文中找出最能解釋主題的語句_沈陽吳軍高分英語家教024-316889489Isithardforyoutogetupearlyandgetreadyforclasses?SomestudentsatWinterParkHighSchooljustquicklygetupandgotoclassintheirownbedrooms.Ofcourse,theirteachersandclassmatesdonotseethembecauseallthe