2011屆中考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)2.doc

2011屆中考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)二：形容詞、副詞考點(diǎn)講解和訓(xùn)練【考點(diǎn)直擊】1.形容詞的用法；2.副詞的用法；3.形容詞和副詞原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的用法；4.形容詞和副詞在句中的區(qū)別和位置?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】1.形容詞的用法(1)形容詞在句中作定語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如：Ourcountryisabeautifulcountry.(作定語(yǔ))Thefishwentbad.(作表語(yǔ))Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))(2)形容詞修飾something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代詞時(shí),形容詞放在名詞后面。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythinginterestinginthefilm.(3)用and或or連接起來(lái)的兩個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般把它們放在被修飾的名詞后面。起進(jìn)一步解釋的作用。Everybody,manandwoman,oldandyoung,shouldattendthemeeting.Youcantakeanyboxaway,bigorsmall.(4)the+形容詞表示一類(lèi)人或物Therichshouldhelpthepoor.2.副詞的用法(1)副詞在句中可作狀語(yǔ),表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。Hestudiesveryhard.(作狀語(yǔ))Lifehereisfullofjoy.(作定語(yǔ))Whenwillyoubeback?(作表語(yǔ))副詞按其用途和含義可分為下面五類(lèi)：1)時(shí)間副詞時(shí)間副詞通常用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作的時(shí)間。常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間副詞有：nowtoday,tomorrow,yesterday,before,late,early,never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always等。例如：Heoftencomestoschoollate.Whatarewegoingtodotomorrow?HeisneverbeentoBeijing.2)地點(diǎn)副詞地點(diǎn)副詞通常用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)。常見(jiàn)的地點(diǎn)副詞有：here,there,inside,outside,home,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere,down,up,off,on,in,out等。例如：Imetanoldfriendofmineonmywayhome.Hewentupstairs.Putdownyournamehere.3)方式副詞方式副詞一般都是回答“怎樣的?”這類(lèi)問(wèn)題的，其中絕大部分都是由一個(gè)形容詞加詞尾-ly構(gòu)成的,有少數(shù)方式副詞不帶詞尾-ly,它們與形容詞同形。常見(jiàn)的方式副詞有：anxiously,badly,bravely,calmly,carefully,proudly,rapidly,suddenly,successfully,angrily,happily,slowly,warmly,well,fast,slow,quick,hard,alone,high,straight,wide等。例如：Theoldmanwalkedhomeslowly.Pleaselistentotheteachercarefully.Thebirdsareflyinghigh.Herunsveryfast.4)程度副詞程度副詞多數(shù)用來(lái)修飾形容詞和副詞，有少數(shù)用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞或介詞短語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的程度副詞有：much,(a)little,abit,very,so,too,enough,quite,rather,pretty,greatly,completely,nearly,almost,deeply,hardly,partly等。例如：Herpronunciationisverygood.Shesingsquitewell.Icanhardlyagreewithyou.5)疑問(wèn)副詞是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句的副詞。常見(jiàn)的疑問(wèn)副詞有：how,when,where,why等。例如：Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudies?Wherewereyouyesterday?Whydidyoudothat?(2)副詞在句中的位置1)多數(shù)副詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)放在動(dòng)詞之后。如果動(dòng)詞帶有賓語(yǔ)，則放在賓語(yǔ)之后。例如：MrSmithworksveryhard.ShespeaksEnglishwell.2)頻度副詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在行為動(dòng)詞之前，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞和be動(dòng)詞之后。例如：Heusuallygetsupearly.Iveneverheardhimsinging.Sheisseldomill.3)程度副詞一般放在所修飾的形容詞和副詞的前面,但enough作副詞用時(shí)，通常放在被修飾詞的后面。例如：Itisaratherdifficultjob.Herunsveryfast.Hedidntworkhardenough.4)副詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般放在被修飾的名詞之后。例如：Onmywayhome,Imetmyuncle.Thestudentstherehavealottimetodotheirownresearchwork.(3)部分常用副詞的用法1)very,much這兩個(gè)副詞都可表示“很”，但用法不同。Very用來(lái)修飾形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)，而much用來(lái)修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)。例如：SheisaverynicegirlImfeelingmuchbetternow.Much可以修飾動(dòng)詞，而very則不能。例如：Idontliketheideamuch.Theydidnottalkmuch.2)too,either這兩個(gè)副詞都表示“也”，但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如：Shecandance,andIcandance,too.Ihaventreadthebookandmybrotherhasnteither.3)already,yetalready一般用于語(yǔ)肯定句，yet一般用于否定句。例如：Hehasalreadyleft.Haveyouheardfromhimyet?Hehasntansweredyet.4)so,neitherso和neither都可用于倒裝句，但so表示肯定，neither表示否定。例如：MybrotherlikesfootballandsodoI.MybrotherdoesntlikedancingandneitherdoI.3.形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)(1)兩個(gè)人或事物的比較時(shí)(不一定每一方只有一個(gè)人或一個(gè)事物)，用比較級(jí)。Ourteacheristallerthanweare.Theboysinherclassaretallerthantheboysinyourclass.(2)most同形容詞連用而不用the,表示極,很,非常,十分。Itsmostdangeroustobehere.在這兒太危險(xiǎn)。(3)The+形容詞比較級(jí).,the+形容詞比較級(jí).表示越.就越.。Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.(4)形容詞比較級(jí)+and+形容詞比較級(jí),表示越來(lái)越.。Itsgettinghotterandhotter.(5)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞)+as+形容詞原形+as+從句。表示兩者對(duì)比相同。Thisboxisasbigasmine.(6)the+形容詞表示某種人。Healwayshelpsthepoor.(7)形容詞和副詞最高級(jí)用于三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人和物進(jìn)行比較。ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.【實(shí)例解析】1.-Whichis_,thesun,themoonortheearth?-Ofcoursethemoonis.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest答案：D。該題考查的是形容詞的比較等級(jí)的用法。因?yàn)槭翘?yáng)，地球和月亮三者進(jìn)行比較，選用形容詞的最高級(jí)，而且最高級(jí)之前要加定冠詞the。所以選D。2.Hehasmade_progressthistermthanbefore.A.littleB.lessC.fewerD.much答案B。該題考查的是形容詞比較等級(jí)的用法。因?yàn)槭乾F(xiàn)在和過(guò)去進(jìn)行比較，所以要用比較級(jí)，又因?yàn)槭切揎棽豢蓴?shù)名詞，只能用less,而不能用fewer。3.-Whatdeliciouscakes!-Theywouldtaste_withbutter.A.goodB.betterC.badD.worse答案：B。該題考查的是形容詞的比較等級(jí)。答話人的意思應(yīng)該是“如果加上點(diǎn)黃油，這些蛋糕會(huì)更好吃。”這里就有一種比較：加黃油和不加黃油。既然是比較，就要用比較級(jí)。因?yàn)檫@里講的是好吃和更好吃，所以C,D要舍去，而選better。4.Bobneverdoeshishomework_Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulasB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyasD.ascarefulas答案：B。該題考查的是形容詞和副詞的用法區(qū)別。因?yàn)樵撛~修飾的是動(dòng)作“做家庭作業(yè)”，所以要用副詞。又因?yàn)楸硎疽环讲蝗缌硪环揭镁湫汀皀otas+副詞原級(jí)+as”，所以只能選B?！局锌佳菥殹恳?單項(xiàng)填空1.Therearemanyyoungtreesonsidesoftheroad.A.everyB.eachC.bothD.all2.-Itssocoldtoday.-Yes,itsthanitwasyesterday.A.morecoldB.morecolderC.muchcolderD.cold3.LittleTomhasfriends,soheoftenplaysalone.A.moreB.alittleC.manyD.few4.Sheisntsoatmathsasyouare.A.wellB.goodC.betterD.best5.Peterwritesofthethree.A.betterB.bestC.goodD.well6.Heisenoughtocarrytheheavybox.A.strongerB.muchstrongerC.strongD.thestrongest7.Iboughtexercise-bookswithmoney.A.afew；afewB.afew；alittleC.alittle；afewD.alittle；alittle8.Theboxisheavyforthegirlcarry.A.too；toB.to；tooC.so；thatD.no；to9.Theiceinthelakeisaboutonemeter.Itsstrongenoughtoskateon.A.longB.highC.thickD.wide10.WuLinranfasterthantheotherboysinthesportsmeeting.A.soB.muchC.veryD.too11.Jonelooksso_todaybecauseshehasgotan“A”inhermathstest.A.happyB.happilyC.angryD.angrily12.Thesmileonmyfathersfaceshowedthathewas_withme.A.sadB.pleasedC.angryD.sorry13.-Mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis?-Certainly,wecanbuy_onethanthis,but_this.A.abetter；betterthanB.aworse；asgoodasC.acheaper；asgoodasD.amoreimportant；goodas14.-Thisdigitalcameraisreallycheap!-The_thebetter.Imshortofmoney,yousee.A.cheapB.cheaperC.expensiveD.moreexpensive15.IfyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,youmustuseitas_aspossible.A.oftenB.longC.hardD.soon16.Paulhas_friendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely.A.manyB.someC.fewD.more17.Englishpeople_useMr.Beforeamansfirstname.A.neverB.usuallyC.oftenD.sometimes18.-OnemoresatellitewassentupintospaceinChinainMay.-Right.Thegovernmentspoke_that.A.highlyforB.highofC.wellofD.highlyof19.-Rememberthis,children._carefulyouare,_mistakesyouwillmake.-Weknow,MissGao.A.Themore；themoreB.Thefewer；themoreC.Themore；thefewerD.Theless；theless20.Ihave_todotoday.A.anythingimportantB.somethingimportantC.importantnothingD.importantsomething二.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Mypursewasstolenonthebusyesterday._(Fortunate),therewasnomoneyinit.2.Mobilephonesare_(wide)usedinmostofthecitiesinChina.3.Heputonhiscoatandwentout_(quick).4.Sheis_(good)thanLiPingatswimming.5.AlotChinesepeopleare_(pride)ofYaoMing,afamousbasketballstarinNBA.6.Tooursurprise,hesuddenlyreturnedonacold_(snow)night.7.Allieaskedme_(polite)toputthethingsaway.8.Itssnowinghard.Youmustdrive_(careful).9.Theearthweliveonis_(big)thanthemoon.10.Hainanisaverylargeisland.Itsthesecond_(large)islandinChina.三.用適當(dāng)?shù)男稳菰~或副詞填空(首字母已給出)1.Alargenumberofmouthsmustbefedinthoselessd_countries.2.ThateveningBee