初中過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)題孫楚.doc

初中英語(yǔ)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)語(yǔ)法講解(一）定義 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，是表示過(guò)去某個(gè)具體時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的事情或動(dòng)作。（二）結(jié)構(gòu) was/were +doing (現(xiàn)在分詞）（三）用法 1、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或者事情。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我們?cè)诳措娨?。What was he researching all day last Sunday?上周日他一整天都在研究什么？My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我哥哥騎自行車的時(shí)候從車上摔下來(lái)，受傷了。It was raining when they left the station.他們離開(kāi)車站的時(shí)候天正在下雨。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.當(dāng)我到達(dá)山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候，陽(yáng)光燦爛。2. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事情。時(shí)間點(diǎn)可以用介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞或從句來(lái)表示。如：What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday?昨天晚上九點(diǎn)她在做什么？ (介詞短語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))When I saw him he was decorating his room.當(dāng)我看見(jiàn)他的時(shí)候他正在裝飾房間。 (when從句表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))3. 在復(fù)合句中，如果主要?jiǎng)幼骱捅尘皠?dòng)作都是延續(xù)的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動(dòng)詞都可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車邊看報(bào)。 (兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都是延續(xù)的)He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦車時(shí)我在做飯。(兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行)4. 通常不能用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(擁有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如：誤：I was knowing the answer.正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。誤：I wasnt understanding him.正：I didnt understand him. 我不明白他的意思。典型例題：1) Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)。同時(shí)，when表時(shí)間的同時(shí)性，“瑪麗在做衣服時(shí)”提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。2) As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep.A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC. was reading; was fallingD. read;fell 答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為當(dāng)之時(shí)。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時(shí)，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行；一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。句意為 在她看報(bào)紙時(shí)，奶奶睡著了。句中的 fell (fall的過(guò)去時(shí))，是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。（四）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別 1一般過(guò)去時(shí)敘述舊事，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)描述背景。、一般過(guò)去時(shí)）敘述過(guò)去狀態(tài)、動(dòng)作或事件He went to Beijing the other day.（帶具體時(shí)間）表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣a) would ,used to與過(guò)去時(shí)would 表間斷性不規(guī)則的習(xí)慣，常帶頻率時(shí)間used to 表一貫性有規(guī)律的習(xí)慣They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.He smoked a lot two years ago. （過(guò)去行為）b) Would 用于文中不用于句首，只表過(guò)去習(xí)慣。Used to 表今昔對(duì)比的含義，敘述習(xí)慣動(dòng)作可與would 換用。When he was a boy , he would often go there . （敘述過(guò)去）She isnt what she used to be. (今昔對(duì)比)c) 表示狀態(tài)時(shí)一般只用used toTom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (狀態(tài))d) was (were) used to +ving表示“合適于，適應(yīng)于.”He used to work at night . (“習(xí)慣”表經(jīng)常)He was used to working at night. (習(xí)慣表適應(yīng))）表示過(guò)去的經(jīng)歷，平行動(dòng)作，依此事件用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此發(fā)生)）表示客氣委婉的語(yǔ)氣，用于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞和want , wonder , hope 等How did you like the film? / Could you help me?B. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某階段或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (過(guò)去某時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生)短暫性動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃、打算During that time he was going with us.(表示打算)與always ,often ,usually 等連用表喜愛(ài)，討厭等感情色彩。He was always Changing his mind.2、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別A. 進(jìn)行時(shí)表某一行為的“片斷”一般時(shí)表示行為的“整體”和存在的狀態(tài)。I was reading the book at that time. (未讀完，“讀”的片段)I read the book yesterday. (已讀完，表整個(gè)“讀”)B、一般持續(xù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)多與進(jìn)行時(shí)連用It was raining all night.(優(yōu)先用was raining ,rained 為持續(xù)動(dòng)詞，故也可使用)He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暫動(dòng)詞與持續(xù)時(shí)間連用，表反復(fù)，連續(xù)發(fā)生，不可用一般過(guò)去時(shí))C、while 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中用短暫動(dòng)詞時(shí)只能用進(jìn)行時(shí)。例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.D、While 所在主從句動(dòng)作大致持續(xù)相等時(shí)主從句一般都用進(jìn)行時(shí)，但若是持續(xù)動(dòng)詞可都用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，兩個(gè)動(dòng)作一長(zhǎng)一短時(shí)短的用一般時(shí)，長(zhǎng)的用進(jìn)行時(shí)。I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.I saw him while I was walking to the station.3、英語(yǔ)中有四類動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)（不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）1)表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用進(jìn)行時(shí)則詞意改變。Im forgetting it . (=beginning to forget )2)表存在、狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等3)表感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等.4)表一時(shí)性的動(dòng)詞，如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。5、例題考題1 As she _the newspaper ,Granny _ asleep .(95)A. read /was falling B .was reading /fellC. Was reading /was falling D. read/fell分析 時(shí)間從句的動(dòng)作長(zhǎng)，而“入睡”動(dòng)作短，故前者用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，而較短動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，選B考題2 Tom _ into the house when no one _ .A. slipped/was looking B. Had slipped /lookedC. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked分析 此題先要理解好when ，表“此時(shí)”，說(shuō)明主句中slipped是較短行為，而look是較長(zhǎng)行為的片斷，即湯姆溜進(jìn)房子，此時(shí)沒(méi)人瞧見(jiàn)，故選A為正確。編輯本段時(shí)態(tài)比較過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)都強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事 進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程，不一定完成 過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)事件，一定完成 p,s表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生了 如：He played when I was studying. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)，兩者都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,但過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一特定的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)間段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,而一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去時(shí)間完成的動(dòng)作例如: I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信(可能沒(méi)打完) I typed some letters last night. 我昨晚打了一些信(已經(jīng)打完) 1、一般過(guò)時(shí)往往表示某一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作在持續(xù)或未完成。 She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚給朋友寫了封信。 (信寫完了) She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在給朋友寫信。 (信不一定寫完) 2、一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示只做一次動(dòng)作，而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作反復(fù)地進(jìn)行。 She waved to me. 她朝我揮了揮手。 3、句中有a moment ago之類的短語(yǔ)一般用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 4、句中有at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之類的狀語(yǔ)一般用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以用來(lái)代替一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示更為偶然而非預(yù)定的動(dòng)作： I was talking to Tom the other day 那天我跟湯姆聊天來(lái)著。 這里的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)給人的印象是這一動(dòng)作既不特殊，也不引人注目。它同時(shí)還傾向于解除主語(yǔ)對(duì)于這一動(dòng)作所負(fù)的責(zé)任。句中誰(shuí)先開(kāi)口說(shuō)話既不清楚，也無(wú)關(guān)緊要。要注意它與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的差異： 注意：進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)只用于表示顯然是連續(xù)不斷的動(dòng)作。如果把動(dòng)作分割開(kāi)，或者說(shuō)出其發(fā)生的次數(shù)，就必須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)：I talked to Tom several times 我跟湯姆談過(guò)幾次話。 Tom washed both cars 湯姆把兩輛汽車都洗了。 當(dāng)然，看來(lái)是并行的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作可以都用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)表示： Between one and two I was doing the shopping and walking the dog一點(diǎn)到兩點(diǎn)之間我在購(gòu)物、遛狗。 這樣用的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)通常和某些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如 today，last night，in the afternoon連用。這些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以看做是表示某一時(shí)刻，也可以看做是表示某一段時(shí)間。如上面例句所示，某一段時(shí)間也可以用確切的時(shí)間來(lái)表示。 如想問(wèn)起一段時(shí)間怎樣度過(guò)時(shí)，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)要用比一般過(guò)去時(shí)顯得有禮貌： What were you doing before you came here？（你來(lái)這里之前做什么工作？）要比 What did you do be fore you came here？聽(tīng)起來(lái)有禮貌。 另一方面， What were you doing in my room？（你在我的房間里干什么來(lái)著？）可能表示這樣一種情感：我認(rèn)為你沒(méi)有權(quán)利在我的屋子里。但 What did you do in my room？卻毫無(wú)這種含義。 不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞：hear,see,notice,feel,taste 表示態(tài)度感情的動(dòng)詞：like,love,hate 表心理狀態(tài)：feel,want,prefer 表占有：own,have, 表存在狀態(tài)和持續(xù)：look,owe,be when 和while的用法區(qū)別 兩者的區(qū)別如下： when是at or during the time that, 既指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可指一段時(shí)間； while是during the time that，只指一段時(shí)間，因此when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞可以是終止性動(dòng)詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，而while從句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 when 說(shuō)明從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以是同時(shí)，也可以是先后發(fā)生；while 則強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作在從句動(dòng)作的發(fā)生的過(guò)程中或主從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；如果從句和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，兩句都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)候，多用while引導(dǎo)，如： a. When the teacher came in, we were talking. 當(dāng)此句改變主從句的位置時(shí)，則為： While we were talking, the teacher came in. b They were singing while we were dancing.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)題二、 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us.2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (come) in.3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move) away.4. We _ (test) the new machine when the electricity _ (go) off.5. She _ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _ (all, work) in the fields.6. While mother _ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell _ (ring).7. As I _ (walk) in the park, it _ (begin) to rain.8. Even when she _ (be) a child she _ _ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演員).9. It was quite late at night. George _ (read) and Amy _ (ply) her needle when they _ (hear) a knock at the door.10. There _ (be) a group round the fire when they _ (reach) it. An old woman _ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children _ (lie) near her; a donkey _ (bend) his head over a tall girl.1. I _ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2. Mary _ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter _(do) the same thing.3. What _ you _ (do) at that time? We _ (watch) TV.4. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes ,he was. He _ (listen) to the radio.5. They _(not make) a model ship when I saw him.6. _ they _ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?No, they _. They _ (clean) the classroom.7. _ it _(rain) when you left school? Yes, it _. (No, it _)8. What _ your father _ (do) when he was your age?9. One day, Edison _ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(軌道) to play.10. He asked me if I _ (go) fishing that afternoon.11. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _ (leave) in five minutes.12. In a letter, john told us that he _ (come) to china next month.13. When the bell rang, jenny _ (wait) in her seat.14. She _ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.15. While my father _ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly _ a cry.三、 選擇題。1. I _ cooked a meal when you _ me.a. cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rangc. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang2. He said he _ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try3. While she _ TV, she _ a sound outside the room.a. was watching, was hearing b. watched, was hearing c. watched, heard d. was watching, heard4. They _ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were watching b. watch c. watched d. are watching5. What book _ you _ when I _ you at four yesterday afternoon?a. did, read, was seeing b. did, read, saw c. were, reading, saw d. were, reading, was seeing6. It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _ ready to fly to England.a. are getting b. get c. were getting d. got7. Lei Feng _ always _ of others when he _ in the army.a. is, thinking, was b. was, thinking, is c. did, think, is d. was, thinking, was8. A girl _ my pen fall off the table when she _ me.a. saw, passed b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed d. was seeing, was passing9. We _ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us _.a. were waiting, waiting b. were waiting, wait c. waited, waiting d. waited, wait10. He _ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.a. helps b. would help c. was helping d. is helping11. While mother _ some washing, I _ a kite for Kate.a. did, made b. was doing, made c. was doing, was making d. did, was making12. “_ you angry then?” “they _ too much noise.”a. are, were making b. were, were making c. are, made d. were, made13. He _ some cooking at that time, so _ mea. did, heard b. did, didnt hear c. was doing, heard d. was doing, didnt hear14. This time yesterday jack _ his bike. He _ TVa. repaired, didnt watch b. was repairing, watchedc. repaired, watched d. was repairing, wasnt watching15. His parents wanted to know how he _ on with his new classmates.a. was getting b. gets c. is getting d. will get四、 翻譯。1 昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候你們英語(yǔ)老師在做什么？她在和一些家長(zhǎng)談話嗎？2 當(dāng)我離開(kāi)的時(shí)候他正在畫一幅世界地圖。3 當(dāng)你看見(jiàn)他們的時(shí)候他們?cè)诟墒裁?？他們?cè)诖驋呓淌摇? 那時(shí)二班的學(xué)生沒(méi)在操場(chǎng)上踢足球，他們?cè)诖蚧@球。5 一天，母親下班回家的時(shí)候，約翰在寫給一個(gè)朋友寫信。6 上周五一下午，學(xué)生們?cè)诟墒裁?？他們一直在往墻上貼海報(bào)。7 昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候，一些學(xué)生在植樹(shù),一些學(xué)生在給小樹(shù)澆水。8 老師走進(jìn)教室的時(shí)候，學(xué)術(shù)們正在談?wù)摦?dāng)天的新聞。9 老虎等猴子的時(shí)候，他聽(tīng)到一個(gè)聲音。10. 今天上午放學(xué)的時(shí)候在下雨嗎？是的，天正下著大雨。12答案：二、1. were waiting; ran 2. was telephoning; came 3. jumped; was moving4. was testing; went 5. didnt want; were all working 6. was putting; rang選擇題。Bcdac,cdaac,cbdda用動(dòng)詞的