中考英語(yǔ)三大從句—定語(yǔ)從句PPT課件

中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法,新航教育英語(yǔ)教研組,定語(yǔ)從句,第一部分：知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備,定語(yǔ)從句的知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備,1、主動(dòng)與被動(dòng),2、學(xué)會(huì)分析句子成分,3、特殊疑問(wèn)句,定語(yǔ)從句-,啥叫定語(yǔ):修飾方式也啥叫從句啥叫定語(yǔ)從句,主謂賓狀-解釋狀語(yǔ)-練習(xí)調(diào)順序解釋定語(yǔ)概念-有名詞的地方就有定語(yǔ)漢語(yǔ)修飾方式統(tǒng)統(tǒng)前置英語(yǔ)修飾方式-形容詞前置，其他統(tǒng)統(tǒng)放名詞后面,定語(yǔ)可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)等來(lái)?yè)?dān)任，修飾名詞。(以分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)為例）例：Maryisabeautifulgirl.ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.Themandrivingtoofastwasadrunk.,一個(gè),戴眼鏡的,高個(gè)子的,女生,a,tall,girl,withtheglasses,whowearsglasses,第二部分：拆分法,拆分法拆、找、合,一個(gè)戴眼鏡的女孩在上課拆：拆成有同一個(gè)字的兩個(gè)句子。一個(gè)女孩在上課，這個(gè)女孩戴眼鏡。找：找同一字翻譯句子thegirlishavingclass;thegirlwearsglasses根據(jù)特殊疑問(wèn)句的知識(shí)，在第二句找出特殊疑問(wèn)詞thegirlwearsglasseswho合：把特殊疑問(wèn)句緊挨著同一字放上去Thegirlwhowearsglassesishavingclass,拆分法學(xué)定語(yǔ)從句,這個(gè)戴眼鏡的學(xué)生在吃飯拆：拆成有兩個(gè)同一詞的兩個(gè)句子這個(gè)學(xué)生在吃飯，這個(gè)學(xué)生戴眼鏡Thestudentishavingdinner,thestudentwearsglasses找:thestudentwearsglasses-who合:Thestudentwhowearsglassesishavingdinner我們用我05年買的電腦拆：Weusethecomputer,Iboughtthecomputerin2005.找：Iboughtthecomputerin2005.which合；Weusethecomputerwhich/that/不填I(lǐng)boughtin2005.,我在街上遇到了這個(gè)我以前在上海交的朋友我在街上遇到了這個(gè)朋友，我以前在上海交朋友Imetthefriendonthestreet.ImadethefriendinShanghai.Who/WhomImadeinShanghai.ImetthefriendwhoImadeinShanghaionthestreet他喜歡這個(gè)以前唱流行歌曲的主持人host他喜歡這個(gè)主持人，他以前唱流行歌Helikesthehost.Thehostsangpopsongs.Helikesthehostwhosangpopsongs.,對(duì)物的定語(yǔ)從句,提高練習(xí)：請(qǐng)寫全下列從句的連接詞他們享受了你們給的禮物Theyenjoyedthegiftswhichyougave.Theyenjoyedthegiftsthatyougave.Theyenjoyedthegiftsyougave.(不填)分析:對(duì)物，賓格情況下，有三種連詞which/that/不填湯姆收到了一份從倫敦郵寄來(lái)的卡片sendTomreceivedacard.ThecardwassentinLondon.Tomreceivedacardwhich/thatwassentinLondon.,對(duì)狀語(yǔ)的拆分,例:我們參觀了魯迅曾經(jīng)居住過(guò)的房子.拆：Wevisitedthehouse.Luxunlivedinthehouse.找：Luxunlivedinthehousewhere合:WevisitedthehousewhereLuxunlived.難點(diǎn):學(xué)習(xí)判斷地點(diǎn)時(shí)，到底是賓語(yǔ)還是狀語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)成分用which;地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)成分用where.例:我們待在據(jù)說(shuō)是魯班建造的房子里拆:westayinthehouse.ItissaidthatLubanbuiltthehouse.找:ItissaidthatLubanbuiltthehouse.which合:WestayinthehousewhichitissaidthatLubanbuilt.,關(guān)系代詞的用法,關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：,何時(shí)可以省略？,做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略,Whose的用法,例：我喜歡去有悠久歷史的地方拆：Iliketovisitaplace.Theplaceshistoryislong.概念顛覆：Hisbookwhosebook.TomsbookwhosebookTheplaceshistorywhosehistory找：Theplaceshistoryislong.whose合:Iliketovisitaplacewhosehistoryislong.例：DoyouknowthewomanwhosenameisMary.例：Passmethedictionaryofwhichcoverisblack.總結(jié)：whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,whose在從句中作定語(yǔ),修飾表示人或物的先行詞.對(duì)物可用whose,ofwhich兩種,第三部分：介詞問(wèn)題,1)Thisisthehero(whom/that/who/不填)weareproudof.Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.,2)Sheisthegirlwhom/that/who/不填I(lǐng)wentwiththere.SheisthegirlwithwhomIwentthere.,注意:固定動(dòng)介詞組不可分割,介詞不能提前.例如:lookafter,lookat,關(guān)系代詞與介詞介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時(shí),介詞賓語(yǔ)只能用which代物,和whom代人。(介詞在末尾時(shí),關(guān)系詞可以省略),第四部分：that問(wèn)題,有些情況下只用關(guān)系詞that,而不宜用which,定語(yǔ)從句中需注意事項(xiàng)（一）,從句所修飾的詞又被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí),只能用that引導(dǎo)從句.Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.,2.先行詞是all,something,nothing,anything不定代詞時(shí),只能用that.Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.Notallthatglittersisgold.,先行詞既有人也有物時(shí),只能用that引出從句Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.,先行詞是oneof,theone,或用much,little,few,no,any作修飾，用thatIsittheonethatyouwant?Wehaventgotmuchthatyoucanofferus.,當(dāng)主句已有疑問(wèn)詞who或which時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用thatWhichisthebikethatyoulost?Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?,who、that在許多情況下可以通用，但有時(shí)宜用who,而不用that,定語(yǔ)從句中需注意事項(xiàng)（二）,先行詞是one(s),anyone,someone,those時(shí)，關(guān)系詞使用who。ThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.在therebe句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.,不能用that的情況,1、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不用that2、介詞前置時(shí)不用that3、關(guān)系副詞不用that,第五部分：關(guān)系副詞,附加部分關(guān)系副詞,關(guān)系副詞是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣，具有多重作用。在從句中代替先行詞。在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。連接作用,關(guān)系副詞有三種：where:在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),指代地點(diǎn).when:在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),指代時(shí)間。why:在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ),指代原因。,關(guān)系副詞的用法：1.where的用法：(先行詞應(yīng)是地點(diǎn)名詞）Thehotelwasntclean.+Westayed,atthehotel.,Westayed,where.,先行詞,關(guān)系詞,從句,=Thehotelwherewestayedwasntclean.,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)when,例:我總是記得我們相遇的那一天拆：我總是記得那一天。我們相遇在那一天。Ialwaysremembertheday.Wemetontheday.找：onthedaywhen合:Ialwaysrememberthedaywhenwemet.,原因狀語(yǔ)why固定句型thereasonwhy,例：這就是你總是遲到的原因。Thisisthereasonwhyyouarelate.例：這就是我邀請(qǐng)你參加晚會(huì)的原因。ThisisthereasonwhyIinviteyoutotakepartintheparty.,第六部分：中考真題,1Friendsarethosemakeyousmile,alwaysopentheirheartstoyouandencourageyoutosucceed.A.whichB.whatC.whomD.who2ItsquitecommoninBritaintosay“Thankyou”tothedriversforpeoplegetoffthebus.A.whoB.whatC.whichD.where3-Barbara,wheredoyouwork?-Iworkforacompanysellscars.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who4-DoyouknowHongZhanhui?-Yes.HesthecollegestudenthasmovedChinesepeople.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whom,5Jamieisayoungcookwantstoimproveschooldinners.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which6-Doyouknowthegirlinredis?-Imnotsure.Maybeateacher.A.whenB.howC.whereD.what7Paulsuncleisthemantaughtusmathlastyear.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.when8ThewholeworldisfightingagainsttheH1N1,adiseasehascausedmanydeaths.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.what,9Isthatthemanhelpedusalotaftertheearthquake.A.whoseB.whichC.whenD.who10-ThedutyofProjectHopeistohelppoorchildren,isntit?-Yes,ithasbuiltmanyschoolsthosechildrencanstudyhappily.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.what11ThepandaisakindofanimalcanbefoundonlyinChina.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.where12_havefinishedtheworkcanleave.A.ThosewhoB.AnyoneC.TheonewhoD.which,13IlikethemusicIcandanceto.A.thatB.whoseC.whenD.how14-Isthegirlisinterviewingthemanagerofthatcompanyyourfriend?-Yes,sheisajournalistfromCCTV.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose15Iliketovisitaplacehistoryislong.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.who16ThenumberofpeoplelosttheirlivesinIndonesianearthquakereachedasmanyas6200.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose,17arobotisamachinecandosomedifficultworkinsteadofman.A.whoB./C.thatD.what18-Excuseme,canIhaveatalkwithyourmanager?-Yes?Iamjustthemanyouarelookingfor.A.whoseB.whatC.whoD.which19Rosalikesmusicisquietandgentle.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.who20Thebookheboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A./B.whyC.whenD.what,21Imafootballfan.Iminterestedineverythingisaboutthe2006WorldCup.A.whoB.thatC.whereD.when22Myparentsusuallybuymesomesimpleclothescanlastalongtime.A.whoB.thatC.whomD.whose23-DoyouliketheredcarismadeinTianjin?-Sure,itlooksterrific.A.whereB.whoC.whichD.when,1.D.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞之人且在從句中作主語(yǔ)是，關(guān)系代詞用who.2.A.考點(diǎn)分析:people是定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞，指人，且在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故關(guān)系代詞用who.3.A.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞是acompany,所以關(guān)系代詞用which.4.A.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞是thecollegestudent大學(xué)生，是指人，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故選擇who.5.A.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞是Jamie,是人，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)。6.D.考點(diǎn)分析:由答語(yǔ)teacher得知，是詢問(wèn)職業(yè)，故用what.7.C.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞為theman,且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用who.8.B.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞是adisease,指物，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用which或that.9.D.考點(diǎn)分析:先行詞是theman,且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用who.10.