2020高考英語 考前小策略 倒裝、虛擬語氣、主謂一致及特殊句式講練（無答案）

2020;2020英語考前小策略：倒裝、虛擬語氣、主謂一致及特殊句式講練倒裝是一種語法手段，用于表示一定的句子結(jié)構(gòu)或強(qiáng)調(diào)某一句子成分。倒裝句有兩種：完全倒裝和部分倒裝。1. 完全倒裝完全倒裝即把整個謂語放到主語之前（是整個謂語動詞，而非助動詞）。例如：In came the teacher and the class began.1) 由地點(diǎn)和時間副詞引出的完全倒裝句：以地點(diǎn)副詞here, there和時間副詞now, then 以及方位副詞：up/down/in/out/away/off等開頭，后面的動詞是be, come, exist, fall, go, lie/exist remain, seem, stand等不及物動詞時，而主語又是名詞時，構(gòu)成完全倒裝句。Up climbed the boy when his mother came.There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.Here comes the bus.For a moment nothing happened. Then _all shouting together.(09福建)A voices had come B came voicesC did voices come D voices would come注意: 在here, there引出的倒裝句中，當(dāng)主語是普通名詞時用完全倒裝句，但當(dāng)主語是代詞時，就不倒裝。 比較：Here comes the postman!Here we are. 當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)表語時，可以使用完全倒裝句，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.Typical for China is the crosstalk show where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play.3)such +be+主語的情況用以強(qiáng)調(diào)表語。Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.4)介詞短語放在句首引起全部倒裝： At the foot of the mountain _. (2020;2020四川卷)A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a villageIn the dark forest _, some large enough to hold several English towns.（2020;2020遼寧卷）A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakesC. many lakes lie D. many lakes stand高考資源網(wǎng)2. 部分倒裝部分倒裝即只把謂語的一部分（如助動詞、情態(tài)動詞等）放到主語前，或把句子的強(qiáng)調(diào)成分提前，即：+be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語+謂語其他部分。Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he has always dreamt about1）以否定詞開頭的句子要求部分倒裝。否定副詞：barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely when, never, no sooner than(僅倒裝hardly /no sooner 部分), rarely, no more, not nearly, not only（僅倒裝not only 部分）/not until（僅倒裝主句，not until部分不倒裝）/in no case/in no way/by no means/on no occasion/at no time; by no means; for no reason; in/under no circumstances; in no sense; ; on no account; on no consideration; at no point等。Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.In no country other than Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.Not until he returned home did I go to bed.No sooner had he got home when it rained.Not only is the son fond of watching cartoons, but the parents take great interest in themIn no case must you do that.The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only_ but students became more interested in the lessons.A saved was teachers energy B was teachers energy savedC teachers energy was saved D was saved teachers energy但如果上述否定副詞出現(xiàn)在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的前半部分，不用倒裝：例：It was not until he went abroad that he knew the truth of the fact.only+狀語（副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句）放在句首引起部分倒裝。Only in this way can you work out the problem.Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.Only then_ how much damage had been caused. (2020;2020陜西卷)A. she realized B. she had realized C. had she realized D. did she realize_ you eat the correct foods_ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.(08江蘇)A Only if/will you B Only if / you willC Unless/will you D Unless/ you willIt was announced that only when the fire was under control_ to return to their homes.(08江西)A the residents would be permitted B had the residents been permittedC would the residents be permitted D the residents had been permittedOnly after my friend came _.（2020;2020福建卷）A. did the computer repair B. he repaired the computerC. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired3）由as/though引導(dǎo)的部分倒裝句：當(dāng) as/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語時，和although, though一樣，當(dāng)用作“盡管”之義時，要把表語狀語提到句首，但主謂不動：即表語/狀語+as/though+主語+謂語Hard as/though he worked, he did not pass the exam. Child as he is ,he knows a lot.Unsatisfied _ with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.(09重慶)A though was he B though he was C he was though D was he though_, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. (2020;2020重慶卷)A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strangeC. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound as=so時，意義是“也，也是”例：She worked hard, so/ as did her husband.3. 其它情況的倒裝句1）so /such that句型可以構(gòu)成部分倒裝句，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)so /such和that之間的部分放在句首：So selfish was she that everyone avoid talking with her.2）在某些表示祝愿的句型中要求倒裝。如：May you be happy.3）在if虛擬條件句中，當(dāng)省去if連詞，必須把should/had/were提前到句首引起部分倒裝。Had you known his trouble, you would have come to help him.Should it rain tomorrow, what should we do?Were I you, I would be very happy to have such a chance.4)表“也、也不”的so/neither/nor放在句首引起倒裝：If Joes wife wont go to the party, _. (2020;2020全國卷II)A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he willMy room gets very cold at night._. (2020;2020 江蘇卷)A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does目擊高考：1(08重慶) Only when I left my parents for Italy _ how much I loved them.A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize2(08上海)So much of interest _ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.A. offers Beijing B.Beijing offersC. does Beijing offer D. Beijing does offer3 (08陜西) Not until the motorbike looked almost new _ repairing and cleaning it.A. he stopped B. did he stop C. stopped he D. he did stop4 (08江蘇)_ you eat the correct foods _ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.A. only if; will you B. Only if; you willC. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will5(08江西)It was announced that only when the fire was under control _ to return to their homes.A. the residents would be permitted B. had the residents been permittedC. would be residents be permitted D. the residents had been permitted6 (09全國I)The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only , but students became more interested in the lessons.A. saved was teachers energy B. was teachers energy savedC. teachers energy was saved D. was saved teachers energy7 (09山東)So sudden _ that the enemy had no time to escape.A. did the attack B. the attack did C. was the attack D. the attack was8（09上海)Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away _.A. fleeing the thief B. was fleeing the thiefC. the thief was fleeing D. fled the thief9（09四川卷)Not until I came home last night _ to bed.A. Mum did go B. did Mum goC. went Mum D. Mum went10 (09遼寧) _ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.A Such B This C That D So11（09重慶卷)Unsatisfied _with the payment ,he took the job just to get some work experience.A. though was he B. though he wasC. he was though D. was he though12（09福建卷)For a moment nothing happened ,Then all shouting together.A. voices had come B. came voicesC. voices would come D. did voices come13 (10江蘇). Is everyone here? Not yet. Look, there_ the rest of our guests!A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming14 (10江西)Not until he left his home to know how important the family was for him.A. did he begin B. had he begun C. he began D. he has began15(10陜西). John opened the door. There _ he had never seen before.A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl16(10重慶)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and Jialing River , one of the largest cities in China.A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing liesC. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie17 that Maric was able to set up new branches else where. (2020;2020陜西卷)A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her businessC. So her business was successful D. So was her successful business18 Did you see who the driver was? (2020;2020上海春) No, so quickly_ that I couldnt get a good look at his face.A. did the car speed by B. the car sped byC. does the car speed by D. the car speeds by虛 擬 語 氣1. if 虛 擬 條 件 句：1 But for their help, we the program in time. (09安徽卷)A. can not finish B. will not finishC. had not finished D. could not have finished2 But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English WritingCompetition.（09福建卷)）A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won3 This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.（09天津卷）A. would B. should C. could D. might4 (10北京)The weather has been very hot and dry. Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now!And my vegetables .A. wouldnt die B. didnt die C. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died5 (10湖南)If he _my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow6 (10天津). John went to the hospital alone. If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told7 10浙江卷10). Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _ .A. would have been saved B had been savedC. will be saved D was saved2 表建議、命令、要求的動詞后接賓語從句或者采用it作形式主語，真正主語從句或相應(yīng)名詞所接的同位語從句或表語從句中用should+ do動詞原形表虛擬：recommend/suggest/propose/advise/insist/require/demand/request/order/command/urge(但要注意：suggest/insist有兩個含義：一種虛擬一種陳述語氣)。（10福建卷29).Teachers recommend parents their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustnt allow D. couldnt allowThe doctor recommended that you _ swim after eating a large meal.(09浙江)A wouldnt B couldnt C neednt D shouldntThe boy insisted that he _ nothing wrong and not be punished.(10聯(lián)考三)A had done B should do C did D would doAll the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _ badly wounded and that he _ at once.A. should be; be operated on B. were; must be operated onC. was; should be operated D. was; be operated onThe patient insisted that he_ ill and_ to the hospital.A wasnt/ wasnt sent B wasnt /shouldnt be sentC shouldnt be/ wasnt sent D shouldnt be/ shouldnt be sentI suggested there _ be a kind of language all could understand and use _A. can/itB. x/xC. would/it D. may/xThe suggestion has been made _ the basketball game _ put off.A. for; toB. that; be C. which; should beD. to; beingThe suggestion that he _ sounded reasonable.A had put forward B should put forward C put forward D puts forward3 在句型if only/wish/prefer/would rather+賓語從句中的虛擬： (2020;2020江蘇). George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he_ more on its culture.A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused How I wish_ my mouth before I shouted at my mum!A shut B have shut C had shut D wouldMost insurance agents would rather you _anything about collecting claims untilthey investigate the situation.A. do B. dontdo C. wouldnt do D. didnt doAlthough most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, some who have found them wish that they _the experience of meeting.A. hadnt B. didnt have had C. hadnt had D. hadnt haveIf only he_ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A lies B lay C had lain D should lie4 情態(tài)動詞：could /should/ought to/need/might/would +have done表”過去本能夠/本該/本有必要/本可以”但實(shí)際上未做。1 (10浙江). Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _ .A. would have been saved B. had been savedC. will be saved D was saved2 ( 10上海)Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the assignment yesterday.Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.A. must B. mustnt C. should D. shouldnt3 （10天津). Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt4 (09江蘇)He didnt regret saying what he did but felt he _ it differently.A could express B would express C could have expressed D must have expressed5 _ Did you visit the famous cultural relics last month?_ No, we _ visited it, but we spent too much time shopping.A could have B must have C can have D ought to have5 句型“it is time/about time/high time that 主語+ should do/did sth. (should 不能省)”- “What will you do during the summer holiday?”- “I dont know, but its high time _ something.”A. Im decidingB. Ill decideC. I decided D. I decideIt is time that the government _measures to protect the rare birds and animals.A. takes B. took C. has taken D. takingIts about time people_ notice of what women did during the war.A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take6虛擬語氣用于as if（though）引起的方式狀語從句和表語從句中，其動詞形式與wish賓語從句的形式相同。He treated me as though/as if _ his own son.A. I amB. I would beC. I wasD. I wereHe is talking so much about America as if he _ there.A. had beenB. has beenC. wasD. has goneLooking round the town, he felt as though he _away for ages.A. has been B. was C. is D. had beenHe described the town as if he _ it.A had seen B would see C. saw D. sees7 It is important/necessary/strange/surprising that 從句中謂語動詞用should+do動詞原形，should可以省去。It is important that we _ wild animals.A. will protect B. should protect C. shall protect D. are protectingIt was essential that we _lease before the end of the month.A. sign B. signed C. had signed D. were signing8 had hoped(wished/wanted/meant/planned/intended/desired /expected/supposed)+ to do 或者h(yuǎn)oped/wished/want/meant/planned/intended/desired/expected/supposed/thought +to have done表原希望、原計劃、原打算、原料但實(shí)際上未實(shí)現(xiàn)，對過去的虛擬： I had hoped to come to help you, but I _ too busy.A had been B was C am D were I _, but I was stopped by the heavy rain.A. mean to comeB. meant to comeC. had meant to comeD. meant coming8 was/were going to do 表原打算做但實(shí)際未做_Tom, you didnt come to the party last night!-I _,but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.(07全國)A had to B didnt C was going to D wouldnt9 was/ were to /would like to +have done 表過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的打算He was to have started work last week but he _ a bad cold.A catch B caught C had caught D has caughtI _ but there was an unexpected guest.A planned to come B was to come C was to have done D would like to come10 but for/without+名詞相當(dāng)于if虛擬條件句，后面主句的虛擬語氣相當(dāng)于if虛擬條件句后主句的變化，即用情態(tài)動詞的過去式could/might/should/would +do/be doing/ have done等. Without the air to hold some of the suns heat, the earth at night _ for us to live.A would be freezing cold B will be freezing coldlyC would be frozen cold D can freeze coldlyBut for the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.(09福建)A wouldnt win B wouldnt have won C would win D would have won感嘆句/ 強(qiáng)調(diào)句 /省略句/反意問句1 what /how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句及so/suchthat 結(jié)果狀語從句:What+ a/an +adj.+C單數(shù)+主+謂；what+ adj.+ c復(fù)數(shù)+主+謂；what +adj.+u+主+謂How+ adj./adv.+主+謂; how + adj.+ a/an+c單數(shù)；how+主+謂such+ a/an +adj.+c單數(shù)+that; such +adj. +c復(fù)數(shù)+that; such +adj.+u+that;so +adj./adv.+ that ; so +much/few/little/many(表數(shù)量) +noun +that; so +adj. +a/an +C（即當(dāng)中心詞是名詞時，一般都用such/what;中心詞為副詞、形容詞時用so/how;但若名詞前的形容詞為表數(shù)量的many/much/few/little時，改用so/how;修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時，用what/how/so/such均可，但要注意a/an的位置。）The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. _ it was! (07海)A. What a dangerous scene B. What dangerous a sceneC. How a dangerous scene D. How dangerous the scene progress you have made!A What great B What a great C How great D How great aThey prepared_ nice food for us that we couldnt resist the temptation.A so B such C too D much2 強(qiáng)調(diào)句:It+ is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/ who+當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人時，that/who均可；除人以外的只能用that;區(qū)分強(qiáng)調(diào)句與其他從句:去掉“it is/ wasthat/who”，句子依然完整，包括不缺介詞，就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，否則是其他從句。Between the two generations, it is often not their age, _ their education that causesmisunderstanding. (2020;2020全國卷I)A. like B. as C. or D. butI dont mind her criticizing me, but is how she does it that I object to. (07江西)A it B. that C. this D. whichIt is imagination makes the world colorful, full of vigor and vitality. (07上海春)A. where B. what C. that D. whenIt _ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _ I found we had a lot in common. (07浙江卷)A. was until; when B was until; that C wasnt until; when D. wasnt until; thatIt is not who is right but what is right _ is of importance. (07重慶卷)A. whichB. it C. that D. this(08天津)It was along the Mississippi River _ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.A. how B. which C. that D. where(10安徽)It was from only a few supplies _she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.A. that/where B. x /that C. which/when D. that/ which(10湖南). Johns success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _has made him what he