上海市紅橋區(qū)2020屆高考英語 完形填空和閱理暑假選練（1）

上海市紅橋區(qū)2020屆高考英語 完形填空和閱理暑假選練（1）閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。PLAYA GRANDE, COSTA RICA? This resort town was long known for Leatherback Sea Turtle (棱皮龜) national Park, nightly turtle beach tours and even a sea turtle museum. However, on a beach where dozens of turtles used to nest on a given night, scientists spied only 32 leatherbacks all of last year.With leatherbacks threatened with extinction (滅絕), Playa Grandes turtle museum was abandoned three years ago and now sits among a sea of weeds. And the beachside ticket office for turtle tours was washed away by a high tide in September. “We do not promote that as a turtle tourism destination any more because we realize there are far too few turtles to please,” said Alvaro Fonseca, a park ranger (管理員).Even before scientists found temperatures going up over the past decade, sea turtles were threatened by beach development, drift net fishing and Costa Ricans interest in eating turtle eggs. But climate change may cause the most serious harm to an animal that has lived in the Pacific for 150 million years.Sea turtles are sensitive to numerous effects of warming. They feed on reefs, which are dying in hotter seas. They lay eggs on beaches that are being covered by rising seas and more violent waves.More uniquely their gender (性別) is determined, not by genes but by the eggs temperature during development. Small rises in beach temperatures can result in ail-female populations, obviously problematic for survival. If the sand around the eggs hits 30 degrees Celsius, the gender balance shits to females: at about 32 degrees they are all female. Above 34, you get boiled eggs.On some nesting beaches, scientists are artificially cooling nests with shade or irrigation and trying to protect broader areas of coastal property from development to ensure that turtles have a place to nest as the seas rise.1. Why does the resort town stop promoting its turtle tourism?A. It decides not to disturb the turtles normal life.B. Tourists have lost interest in watching turtles.C. There are only very few turtles now.D. The turtle museum was destroyed by a high tide.2. Which of the following is the major factor in the turtles endangerment?A. The locals eating habit. B. Drift net fishing.C. Beach development. D. Global warming.3. We learn from the last paragraph that scientists.A. are doing research on the sea rise B. are moving turtles to new homesC. are protecting turtles nests D. are getting rid of sea weeds4. The passage intends to.A. introduce a special kind of sea turtleB. explain the mystery of turtles eggsC. show the dangers a certain kind of turtle is facingD. attract more visitors to a sea turtle museum【參考答案】14、CDCC 【廣東省深圳市2020高考英語第一次調(diào)研考試】完形填空。閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從115各題所給的A、B、C和D中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。People come into your life for a reason, a season, or a lifetime. When you figure out which one it is, you will know 1 what to do for each person.When someone is in your life for a reason, it is 2 to meet a need you have expressed. They have come to assist you through a difficulty, to 3 you with guidance and support, to aid you physically, emotionally, or spiritually. They are there for the 4 you need them to be. Then, without any wrongdoing on your part, or at any inconvenient time, they will say or do something to bring the relationship to a(n) 5 . Sometimes they die, sometimes they walk away, and 6they act up and force you to take a stand. What you must 7 is that your need has been met, and your desire 8 . When their work is done, it is time to move on.When people come into your life for a season, it is because your turn has 9 to share, grow, or learn. They bring you an experience of peace, or make you 10 . They may teach you something you have 11 done. They usually give you an unbelievable amount of joy. 12it! It is real! But, only for a season.Lifetime relationships teach you lifetime lessons: those things you must build upon in order to have a 13 emotional(情感的) foundation. Your job is to accept the 14 , love the person, and put what you have learned to use in all other 15 and areas of your life. It is said that love is sacred but friendship is sensible.In a word, thank you for being part of my life, whether you were here for a reason, a season or a lifetime.1ApartlyBfirmlyCfrequentlyDexactly2AusuallyBhardlyCcloselyDfinally3AfillBinstructCprovideDbother4AgoodBdelightCbenefitDreason5AorderBstateCendDstart6AfirstBsometimesCsometimeDanytime7ArealizeBtryCtolerateDforget8AsharedBfulfilledCfollowedDprotected9AdisappearedBgoneCremainedDcome10AlaughBcryChateDlove11AevenBneverCjustDever12AForgetBTasteCConnectDBelieve13AsolidBsoftCnewDrapid14ArequestsBinvitationsClessonsDhelps15AdifficultiesBprofessionsCworksDrelationships完形填空（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）這是一篇議論文。本文主要從不同角度（某種原因“for a reason” 、某種時段“for a season”、或者一輩子“for a lifetime”）闡述了“你生活中的人”。該部分考點：名詞4個、動詞6個、副詞4個、形容詞1個。1. 答案為D?？疾閷W(xué)生根據(jù)上下文語境正確使用副詞的能力。2. 答案為A?？疾閷W(xué)生在上下文語境中(復(fù)現(xiàn))把握好副詞的語用能力。3. 答案為C?？疾閷W(xué)生在上下文語境中準(zhǔn)確使用動詞搭配的能力。4. 答案為D?？疾閷W(xué)生在上下文語境(復(fù)現(xiàn))中準(zhǔn)確運用名詞的能力。5. 答案為C。考查學(xué)生根據(jù)上文語境把握名詞意義及搭配的能力。6. 答案為B。考查學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文語境正確把握副詞意義的能力。（排比句）7. 答案為A?？疾閷W(xué)生根據(jù)上文語境把握動詞意義及用法的能力。8. 答案為B?？疾閷W(xué)生根據(jù)上下文語境準(zhǔn)確把握完成時被動語態(tài)的能力。9. 答案為D?？疾閷W(xué)生對上下文語境中動詞完成時的運用及搭配能力。10. 答案為A?？疾閷W(xué)生根據(jù)上下文語境，準(zhǔn)確使用動詞不定式的能力。11. 答案為B?？疾閷W(xué)生根據(jù)上下文語境，準(zhǔn)確選用副詞及意義的能力。12. 答案為D?？疾閷W(xué)生根據(jù)上下文語境正確把握動詞意義的能力。13. 答案為A?？疾閷W(xué)生在上下文語境中把握好形容詞的語用及搭配能力。14. 答案為C?？疾閷W(xué)生根據(jù)上下文語境(復(fù)現(xiàn))把握名詞意義的能力。15. 答案為D?？疾閷W(xué)生根據(jù)上下文語境正確使用名詞(復(fù)現(xiàn))的能力。完形填空七大實用解題技巧(一)完形填空通常首句不設(shè)空，目的是讓考生迅速進入主題，熟悉語言環(huán)境，建立正確的思維導(dǎo)向。英語中首句通常是文章的主題句，把握了主旨句對于理解全文和解題很有幫助。. 技巧一：首句信息例1、(201*廣東卷)It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The _1_ is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by _2_ situation that has designed for the _3_ children.1. A. principle B. theoryC. argument D. classification2. A. designing B. groupingC. learning D. living3. A. smart B. curiousC. mature D. average例2：(2020北京卷)I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didnt like attention drawn to myself. And _36_ otherwise assigned(指定)a seat by the teacher, I always _37_ to sit at the back of the classroom.36. A. as B. untilC. unless D. though37. A. hoped B. agreedC. meant D. chose完形填空主要考查學(xué)生對語境的理解。所以學(xué)生在做題時要有全局觀念，進行連貫性思維，做題時要把每個空白處的含義與前后句的意思聯(lián)系起來理解，進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。難選之處通常前后多有暗示。這種暗示多為后面暗示前面。一般來說，完形填空的4個選項形式完全相同，如都是動詞原形、副詞、名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式等。所以要注意他們之間在意義上和搭配上的細微差異，形義兼顧。同時，一定要把這些選項放到特定的語境里進行區(qū)分、判斷，從而選出正確答案。. 技巧二：暗示信息例1：(2020廣東卷)It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classesI observed a number of _6_ children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a _7_ class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgement, In regular class, having no worry about keeping up6. A. intelligent B. competent C. ordinary D. independent7. A. separate B. regular C. new D. boring例2：(2020湖北卷)In her second grade, Maja _31_ her cousin, Jasmina. After Jasminas death, Maja swore31. A. lost B. visited C. rescued D. left語篇一般指比句子長的語言單位，如句群、段落、篇章等。語篇與語篇之間往往有表明其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞語，這些詞語被稱為“語篇標(biāo)志”。如表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的語篇標(biāo)志語有：firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally等；表示邏輯關(guān)系的語篇標(biāo)志語有thus, therefore, so等；表示改變話題的語篇標(biāo)志語有by the way等；表示遞進關(guān)系的語篇標(biāo)志語有besides, whats more, further等；表示時間關(guān)系的語篇標(biāo)志語有before, so far, yet, meanwhile, later等；表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的有but, while, on the other hand, although等。. 技巧三：邏輯關(guān)系在做完形填空時，如果能充分利用這些語篇標(biāo)志語，就可以迅速理清文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文的關(guān)系。. 技巧三：邏輯關(guān)系例1：(2020湖北卷)but because it didnt fit well, walking for Maja was painful. _40_， she managed to graduate from a local high school.40. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Besides D. However例2：(2020陜西卷)He was still travelling quickly, but his wagons, _43_ the gold and valuables they had been carrying, were now full of farming tools and bags of _45_. He was rushing back to help them out of poverty.43. A. except B. instead of C. apart from D. along with45. A. food B. jewels C. money D. seeds完形填空試題中，某一詞語常常重復(fù)出現(xiàn)在語篇之中。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)的語用意義是使得語篇中的句子相互銜接和連貫，從而構(gòu)成一個完整和有機的意義整體。在閱讀文章過程中，有時也會發(fā)現(xiàn)一些與選項意義緊密相連的同義詞或近義詞。因此要學(xué)會充分利用這些詞提供的有效信息合理地推測判斷，選出正確答案。. 技巧四：原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)(2020江蘇卷)_39_ as high as he could, but even at his tallest _40_ he was unable to touch it. at the top of each jump stretching his arms to 39. A. expanding B. stretching C. swinging D. pulling40. A. strength B. length C. range D. height閱讀理解。In business, there is a speed difference: Its the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (競爭的) strategy（策略）and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size .Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that choose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track, Whats more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period.How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what “slower” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ).Simply increasing the speed of production, for example ,may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference .But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.In our study, higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, stuck to tested methods, didnt develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.Strateg