專(zhuān)四作文輔導(dǎo)5-圖表作文講解

.,專(zhuān)四作文輔導(dǎo):圖表作文,.,主要輔導(dǎo)內(nèi)容,模擬3圖表作文講解（含提綱）圖表作文概述（四種類(lèi)型的圖表）圖表作文的結(jié)構(gòu)（2類(lèi)）圖表作文的開(kāi)頭圖表作文的數(shù)據(jù)描述圖表作文的結(jié)尾幾個(gè)范文,.,?？?作文,審題：Introduction:miniresearchproject,barchartBody:圖表中的趨勢(shì)Conclusion（也許有未來(lái)行動(dòng)方向？材料的附加信息可以用）,.,縱軸：某年齡段參與慈善捐款的人口占本年齡段人口的比例橫軸：5個(gè)不同年齡組變量：兩個(gè)年份：1990年和2010年趨勢(shì)分析年份比較參與慈善捐款的人口占總?cè)丝跀?shù)的比例:19902010年齡組比較（1）總體：參與慈善捐款的人口比例在不同年齡段有顯著差異。（2）兩年相比：與20年前相比，中青年人的捐款人口比例顯著下降，老年人的捐款人口比例略有上升。,.,提綱,Introduction:miniresearchproject,barchartBody:Comparedwith1990,therewasalowerpercentageofBritishpeopledonatingmoneytocharityin2010.舉例：1990年，捐款比例最小的年齡組17%，其他年齡組都超過(guò)30%，最高值42%。2010年，捐款比例最小的年齡組7%，其他年齡組超過(guò)20%,最高值39%。Ingeneral,thepercentageofBritishpeoplegivingmoneytocharityvaryamongdifferentagegroups.Comparedwith1990,thereisasignificantdeclineofthepercentageamongthreeagegroupsunder50,andonlyaslightriseofthepercentageamongtwoagegroupsover50.舉例：下降組的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比，上升組的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比Conclusion:發(fā)現(xiàn)：ThepercentageofBritishpopulationcontributingmoneytocharityisdecliningandthedeclineisfoundmostsignificantlyamongtheyoungandmiddleagedpeople.建議：Peopleshouldbeencouragedtoparticipatemoreactivelyincharity.Theycouldbesuggestedtodonatefood,clothesetc.iftheyhavelessmoneyinpossession.,.,LanguageExpression:百分比,1.XaccountsforxxpercentofY(總數(shù))(也可用takeup)X占Y的百分之xxE.g.Malerespondentsaccountsfor48%ofthetotalrespondents.Femalerespondentstakesup52%ofthetotalrespondents.2.ThepercentageofXamongYisxx%.Y中X的含量是百分之xxE.g.Thepercentageofthe18-25-year-oldgroupdonatingmoneytocharityis15%in1990.3.ThenumberofXis,accountingforxxpercentofY.X值為，占Y的百分之xxThenumberofsmokersis10million,accountingfor6.2%oftheentirepopulation.,.,比較,Onthetopofthelistis,whichaccountsfor60%of.占比重最高的是，占60%。2.Atthebottomis,whichaccountsfor10%of.占比重最低的是，占10%。3.Aisranked/ratedfirst,accountingfor60%of.ItisfollowedbyBat30%andCat25%.A占最高比重，占的60%。緊隨其后的是占30%的B和占25%的C。,.,變化趨勢(shì)-上升/增長(zhǎng)、下降/減少,1.Thenumberofincreased/rose+suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/substantially/considerably/sharply/steeplyfrom1900to2000.在1900到2000間，的數(shù)量有了急劇的增長(zhǎng)。2.Therewasasudden/rapid/dramatic/substantial/considerable/sharp/steepincrease/riseinthenumberoffrom1990to2000.在1990到2000間，的數(shù)量有了急劇的增長(zhǎng)。3.Thenumberofincreased/rosesteadily/gradually/slowly/slightlyfrom1990to2000.在1990到2000間，的數(shù)量在持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的增長(zhǎng)。4.Therewasasteady/gradual/slow/slightincrease/riseinthenumberoffrom1990to2000.在1990到2000間，的數(shù)量在持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的增長(zhǎng)。5.decrease/fall/drop;adecrease/drop/reduction/declineinthenumberof（可替換上述表明增長(zhǎng)的詞）,.,變化趨勢(shì)-達(dá)到頂點(diǎn),1.Thesituation/figuresreached/hitapeak/ahighat60%in.2.Thesituation/figurespeakedat60%in.情況(數(shù)據(jù))在達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)，為60%。3.Thesituation/figuresbottomedoutat20%in.Thesituation/figureshitatroughat20%in.情況(數(shù)據(jù))在達(dá)到最低點(diǎn)，為20%。,.,圖表作文概況,圖表作文要求對(duì)圖表相關(guān)的信息進(jìn)行歸納，對(duì)其重點(diǎn)和主要趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行匯報(bào)。圖表主要有四種(圖例見(jiàn)P11-12)（1）linegraph線型圖-描述某事物的發(fā)展變化（2）piechart餅圖-描述一個(gè)總體的不同部分的比例（3）barchart柱狀圖-用來(lái)比較兩個(gè)以上數(shù)據(jù)的值（4）table表格-用一行/多行單元格中的文本和數(shù)字展示數(shù)據(jù)的方式。圖表作文注意事項(xiàng)：（1）時(shí)態(tài)一致（根據(jù)圖表描述的事物的時(shí)間確定時(shí)態(tài)，無(wú)特定時(shí)間的用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）（2）采用正式書(shū)面文體（避免Letslookat,Letmeshowyou,Itshowsus之類(lèi)帶有口語(yǔ)性質(zhì)的描述（3）客觀描述圖表，邏輯條理清晰，不增加個(gè)人主觀猜想,.,LineGraph,PieChart,.,BarChart,PieChart,.,圖表作文結(jié)構(gòu)分成兩大類(lèi):描述類(lèi)和描述+分析建議類(lèi),1.題目只要求描述圖表類(lèi)（見(jiàn)P6）（1）開(kāi)頭：概述圖表的主題思想和總體特點(diǎn)（2句左右）（2）正文：用文字有條理地客觀描述圖表傳遞的信息，并找出某種規(guī)律。（可以分成兩三段）（3）結(jié)尾：總結(jié)圖表的主要規(guī)律（1-2句）2.題目要求描述并分和提建議的(見(jiàn)P7)（1）開(kāi)頭：概述圖表主題思想，描述數(shù)據(jù)的總體特點(diǎn)并用數(shù)據(jù)支持，根據(jù)題目要求提出個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)（3-4句）（2）正文：對(duì)個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行論述（3）結(jié)論：總結(jié)、提建議或方案（2句）,.,純描述類(lèi)圖表作文(此文字?jǐn)?shù)不足，如果是純描述類(lèi)作文，圖表應(yīng)該比這個(gè)復(fù)雜，比如會(huì)有兩條線，此文只用來(lái)展示作文結(jié)構(gòu)),(1)Asisindicatedinthelinegraph,thenumberofcaraccidentsinWaltoncityfluctuatedduringtheyearof1990.(2)Thefirsttwomonthsof1990showedanincreasingtrend.Therateroseto32inMarchbutfellto26inJune.FromJuneon,theratewasrisingagainandreachedthepeakpoint39inAugust.AfterAugusttheratebegantodeclineremarkably,andeventuallydroppedtothelowestpoint16attheendoftheyear.Therefore,itisobviousthatthefirsteightmonthsof1990witnessedafluctuatedincreaseincaraccidentsinWaltonanditwasfollowedbyatrendofdeclineincaraccidentsinthelastfourmonthsoftheyear.,主題句/概述表格反映的內(nèi)容(5)反映交通事故的變化情況(6)小結(jié)：總結(jié)表格數(shù)據(jù)反映的總趨勢(shì),.,圖表描述+分析建議類(lèi)作文,(1)Accordingtothelinegraph,thenumberofcaraccidentsinWaltoncityfluctuatedduringtheyearof1990.(2)FromJanuarytoMarchof1990,thecaraccidentsincreasedfrom22to32butfellto26inJune.FromJuneon,theratewasrisingagainandreachedthepeakpoint39inAugust.AfterAugusttheratebegantodeclineremarkably,andeventuallydroppedtothelowestpoint16attheendoftheyear.Therefore,itisobviousthatthatthenumberofcaraccidentsinWaltoncitydeclinedin1990.Thereareseveralreasonsforthedecline.First,anewtrafficlawwasmadeandcameintoforce.ItprovidedAugust,whenhumidityandhightemperaturemakedriversimpatientandeasilyleadtocaraccidents,droppedsteadily.Second,newroadswerebuiltandsomenarrowstreetswerewidened,whichquickenedtheflowoftraffic.Finally,thecityadministrationmadegreateffortstoheightenpeoplesawarenessofobservingtrafficrules.Withallthesenewmeasures,ImsuretherateofcaraccidentsinWaltoncitywillgoonfallingthisyear.主題句原因/措施一解釋措施一/次要輔助采取措施一后的結(jié)果原因/措施二原因/措施三(這部分的原因是根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容結(jié)合數(shù)據(jù)趨勢(shì)分析出來(lái)的)總結(jié)：展望未來(lái)的情況,.,如何開(kāi)頭：概述圖表主題思想和總體特點(diǎn),主題思想：根據(jù)圖表的標(biāo)題和題干中的背景信息，改寫(xiě)出這樣一句話：這個(gè)圖表描述了時(shí)間內(nèi)在地區(qū)對(duì)象的方面的信息。例如：(1)Thetablebelowshowssocialandeconomicindicatorsoffourcountriesin1994,accordingtoUnitedNationsstatistics.(2)Thegiventableprovidesanoverviewofsocialandeconomicconditionsfromdifferentaspectsinfourcountries,namely,Canada,Japan,PeruandZaireintheyear1994.(3)Thegiventableprovidestheinformationofsocialandeconomicconditionsinfourcountriesintheyear1994.(4)ThepiechartdescribesthedistributionofpopulationinBeijingintheyear2016.這個(gè)圖表：Thetable/piechart/barchart/linegraph/barchart/illustration/diagram描述：show,describe,offeranoverview,present,compare（對(duì)比）,indicate信息：寬泛的：information，data，figures；具體的：percentage，distribution，proportion,.,如何開(kāi)頭：概述圖表主題思想和總體特點(diǎn),2.概述圖表的總體特點(diǎn):動(dòng)詞+幅度sth.experiencea名詞therewasa+幅度+名詞動(dòng)詞：變化，波動(dòng)：Tochange,fluctuate(波動(dòng))增加，上漲：Toincrease,climb,rise降低，減少：Todecrease,drop,decline平穩(wěn)，不變：Toremainunchanged,stable;toleveloff幅度：大幅-wildly劇烈,sharply急劇，greatly，大幅小幅-slightly輕微,slowly緩慢，gradually逐漸，steadily穩(wěn)步，,.,開(kāi)頭主題思想的常用句型,Itcanbeseenfromthetablethat由表格我們可以看出Thetableshowsthechangesinthenumberofovertheperiodfromto該表格展示了從到數(shù)據(jù)的變化Thetableprovidessomedataof該表格提供了有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)Ascanbeseenclearlyfromthetable,從表格中我們可以清楚地看出，Asisindicatedinthegraph正如圖形所示Asisshowninthechart正如圖表顯示的Asisillustrated/presentedinthediagram正如圖表顯示,.,正文：抓住規(guī)律和重點(diǎn)，描述趨勢(shì)（參見(jiàn)沖擊波英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)4級(jí)全新改革題型寫(xiě)作P77-87）,折線圖（通常橫軸是時(shí)間）：找最低點(diǎn)，最高點(diǎn)，找波動(dòng)，上升，下降，平穩(wěn)等趨勢(shì)餅圖：如果分塊少于5塊，可以按照從大到小的順序依次說(shuō)，如果分塊大于5塊，可以按照大、中，小、其他來(lái)介紹。如果有比例差不多的，或比例相差特別懸殊的情況，可以提一下。柱狀圖：比較相同、差異(1)如果橫軸有明顯的時(shí)間推移的話，應(yīng)連接柱子頂點(diǎn)，重在描述柱子的升降起伏，寫(xiě)法類(lèi)似于線狀圖。(2)如果無(wú)時(shí)間推移，則寫(xiě)法和餅狀圖一樣。即按照各比較對(duì)象所占比例的高低寫(xiě)，同時(shí)要注意各所占比例之間的比較。4.表格：最多、最少，總體變化趨勢(shì)等,.,描述增減變化常用的句型,Comparedwith,isstillincreasedbyThenumberofgrew/rosefromtoAnincreaseisshownin;thencameasharpincreaseofInthenumberremainsthesame/dropstoTherewasaveryslight(small/slow/gradual)rise/increasein1990.Therewasaverysteady(marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/dramatic)drop(decrease/decline/fall/reduction)in1998/comparedwiththatofyear),.,結(jié)尾：,ItisclearthatItisobviousthatInshortInconclusion.,.,備考建議,看范文，熟悉各種圖表的圖例、橫軸縱軸的意義，熟悉書(shū)面語(yǔ)表達(dá)形式學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)據(jù)、百分比、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的一些相關(guān)表達(dá)法中間正文部分一定要注意邏輯順序和條理雅思的小作文是圖表題，可以看看雅思范文。,.,三根以上柱形且多種趨勢(shì)：應(yīng)對(duì)這樣的柱形圖，我們可以先描寫(xiě)最長(zhǎng)的那根柱的數(shù)據(jù)，也可以將最長(zhǎng)的2根柱的數(shù)據(jù)放在一起描寫(xiě)。以下我們就來(lái)看一個(gè)例子：,范文：ThemainusersoftheInternetinTaiwanareyoungadultsbetween16and30yearsold.In1998,theyaccountedformorethanhalfofallusers.In1999thenumberdroppedslightlyto45%,butevenin2000theywerethebiggestgroup.Thesecondbiggestgroupofusersisagedbetween31and50.Theymadeup41%in1998,fallingslightlyto37%in2000.Whencombinedwiththe16-30agegroup,over94%ofusersin1998werebetween16and50.Howeverthisnumberisdroppingsteadilyasmorechildrenandolderuserslogon.In1999,thenumberofchildrenonlinequadrupledfrom2%to8%,anditcontinuedtoincreasein2000.Thereweresimilarincreasesforolderusers,risingfrom4%in1998to10%in2000.Insummary,whileadultsbetween16and50stillrepresentthegreatmajorityofInternetusersinTaiwan,theirshareisdecliningasmorechildrenandolderusersjointheweb.,題干：ThegraphshowsInternetUsageinTaiwanbyAgeGroup,1998-2000.Summarizetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.ThegraphshowschangesintheageprofileofInternetusersinTaiwanbetween1998and2000.,.,橫軸為地點(diǎn)，交通工具等其他專(zhuān)有名詞：遇到這樣的情況，不管柱形有幾根，建議都可以按照長(zhǎng)度從長(zhǎng)寫(xiě)到短，也可以先以描述總體趨勢(shì)作為突破口，如以下這個(gè)圖：Thegraphaboveshowinformationofemploymentratesacross6countriesin1995and2005.Summarizetheinformationbychoosinganddescribethemainidea,andmakecomparisonswhereappropriate.,Thegraphshowschangesinemploymentratesinsixcountriesbetween1995and2005,formenandwomen.Overallmoreandmorepeopleofworkingageareemployed,andtherehavebeensignificantimprovementsforwomen,althoughtheylegbehindmeninenteringtheworkforce.Themostobvioustrendinthegraphisthatwomenhaveloweremploymentratesinmostofthecountriesinthegraph.Forexample,inAustraliain1995,57percentofmencouldfindworkorretainajob,butonly27percentofwomen.ThedifferencewasevenbiggerinNewZealand,with60percentofwomen.EveninSwitzerlandandIceland,slightlymorementhanwomenwereinthejobmarket.Thesecondbiggesttrendinthegraphistheimprovementinemploymentbetween1995and2005.Inallcountriesshown,figuresforbothmenandwomenimproved.ThebiggestchangewasintheUnitedKingdom,from55percentofmenin1995to73percentoverthetenyearsperiod.Furthermore,theincreasesinemploymentratesforwomenweremuchhigherinNewZealand.Thepercentageofworkingwomenjumpedfrom25percentto42percent,andintheUnitedStatesfrom45percentto61percentoverthedecade.Inconclusion,allthecountriesinthegraphshowedatleasta12percentincreaseinemploymentratesofbothmenandwomenoverthetenyeares.Whilemenhadrelativelyhigheremploymentratethroughouttheperiod,moreandmorewomenappeartobeenteringthelabourmarket.,.,餅圖范文：,