2018年廣州中考英語試題及答案

1、2018 年廣州市初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試英語本試卷共四大題，12 頁，滿分 110 分。考試時(shí)間 120 分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必在答題卡上用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆填寫自己的考生號(hào)、姓名、考點(diǎn)考場號(hào)、座位號(hào)，再用 2B 鉛筆把對(duì)應(yīng)這兩個(gè)號(hào)碼的標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。2.選擇題每小題選出答案后，用 2B 鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需要改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域的相應(yīng)位置上；如需要改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案，改動(dòng)的答案也不能超出指定的區(qū)域；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆、圓珠筆和涂改液。

2、不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔，考試結(jié)東，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、語法選擇(共 15 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 15 分)閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從 115 各題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces ofmusic of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote-1 300 song

3、s and an opera.Xian was bom in Panyu, Guangdong, China in 1905. Because his father died before he wasborn, Xian moved from place to place with-2 mother. He began learning to play_ 3 violinwhen he was 20 years old. In the beginning, his violin was cheap and badly made that he_ 5 notplay it well. His

4、friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop 6 and soon showed his talent.In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students_7 studied in a special music school in Paris.Before he 8 , Xian became the schools best student 9 won several prizes forhis talents.In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight

5、against the Japanese army. Later, he came toYanan 10 music at a college. 11 there were no pianos in Yanan at that timeXian still wrote 12 of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, hismost famous work.In May 1940, Xian 13 to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to 1 wr

6、ite music for movies. In the Soviet Union, life was very 14 . Xian got sick and laterdied of a lung illness 15 October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xians music, however, liveson in the peoples hearts.1. A. near B. nearly C. nearby D. nearer2. A. he B. him C. his D. hes3. A. a B. an C. the D. this4. A. so

7、 B. such C. very D. much5. A. need B. may C. should D. could6. A. practice B. practicing C. to practice D. practised7. A. what B. which C. whom D. who8. A. leave B. leaves C. left D. was leaving9. A. and B. but C. as D. or10. A. teach B. taught C. teaching D. to teach11. A. If B. Although C. When D.

8、 Because12. A. any B. little C. few D. some13. A sent B. was sent C. has sent D. was sending14. A hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest15. A. at B. in C. on D. by二、完形填空(共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 15 分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從 1625 各題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Before graduating college, Jackie began to

9、look for a job. She aimed at a famous company,but the 16 for such jobs was very strong. The company Jackie chose planned to employonly one person, but more than twenty people applied for the job. 17 , Jackie was one of thethree people invited for the final interview. The interview was very 18_ . The

10、 interviewerasked just a few questions and it was all over in less than 10 minutes. Then the interviewer said tothem, All of you are very good. Please go home and 19 our response.”Three days later, Jackie received a message saying she would not be 20 the job. Shefelt deeply disappointed. That evenin

11、g. however she received another 21 . This time it 2 said that she got the job.Jackie later found out that the first message sent to her phone was part of the interview-a22 to see if she was suitable for the job. All the three people received the_ 23 _text, butonly Jackies reply 24 the company Of the

12、 three, one did not reply. The other said“goodbye” and Jackie said “thank you”. This reply showed that Jackie was a/an 25 person,so the company offered her the job.16. A. exam B. work C. competition D. plan17.A. Thankfully B. Unluckily C. Hopefully D. Immediately18. A. long B. strict C. interesting

13、D. simple19. A. pick up B. wait for C. deal with D. think of20. A. offered B. returned C. refused D. shown21. A. letter B. e-mail C. call D. message22. A guide B. conversation C. test D. lesson23. A. same B. other C. second D. whole24. A. reached B. satisfied C. helped D. surprised25. A. brave B. cl

14、ever C. polite D. honest三、閱讀(共兩節(jié):滿分 45 分)第一節(jié) 閱讀理解(共 20 小題;每小題 2 分,滿分 40 分)閱讀下列短文，從 2645 各題所給的 A、B、C 和 D 項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。（A）For his eleventh birthday, Lin was given a gift that would shape his life. On that day hisfather took him to the Childrens Activity Centre and said he could choose any cour

15、se thatinterested him. There was just one requirement: Lin would have to promise to study it for at leastone year.To that point Lin had had many hobbies, but none kept his interest for more than a week ortwo. His mum once gave him a bag of stamps to encourage stamp collecting. That hobby lasted awee

16、k. Then his father got him some paints hoping that Lins artistic side would shine through.Those paints were now under his bed, still unopened. This time Lins parents would let him 3 decide.Lins eyes moved down the noticeboard that listed all the courses on offer. He stopped atPhotography. He liked t

17、he idea of taking beautiful pictures but the notice said that each studentneeded their own camera. Although Lins family werent poor, they werent rich either, and acamera cost a lot of money. He continued looking.The next course to catch his eye was Language Art. He didnt even know what that meant.Hi

18、s father explained that it taught people how to make public speeches. Lin, a shy boy, could thinkof nothing worse.Then he saw it. Cooking sounded like something hed like to do. It was inexpensive andconvenient, it could be done alone and it was also creative.Based on Lins hobby history, his dad had

19、doubts, but he agreed. Much to his parentssurprise, Lin kept his promise. He studied cooking at the Centre every Saturday, and practised athome, making delicious meals for his family. Everyone looked forward to birthdays, when theycould eat his cakes. Lin got great satisfaction from the pleasure his

20、 food brought to others.The months turned to years but his hobby never changed again.Now Lin is an adult and runs a successful restaurant. When customers say they enjoy hismeal, he still gets the same pleasure he did as a child, and remembers the special gift he receivedall those years ago.26. Why d

21、idnt Lin choose to study photography?A. It was too expensive.B. He had no interest in it.C. He was not very creative.D. It was not offered that term.27. The underlined expression catch his eye in Paragraph 4 means “ ”.A. make him excitedB. cause him surpriseC. get his attentionD. help him see clearl

22、y28. Which of the following best describes Lins interest in cooking? 4 A. It only lasted for a short time.B. It seemed to match his character.C. It was forced on him by his parents.D. It developed slowly over many months.29. Why did the father have doubts about Lins choice of cooking?A. Lin wasnt go

23、od at cooking.B. Cooking wasnt very convenient.C. He didnt think Lin would continue.D. Cooking wasnt a good hobby for a boy.30. Whats the best title for the passage?A. A Strict FatherB. A Changeable BoyC. The Fun of CookingD. The Birthday Gift（B）Experts believe that there are more than 8 million res

24、taurants in the world today. So it mightsurprise you to learn that restaurants, as we know them, have only existed for a few centuries.Before 1765, there were no restaurants. That is, there were no places that provided the restaurantexperience. There was nowhere in which a waiter brought you food an

25、d drink that you pickedfrom a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.There were eating places travellers could go to centuries before that. The countryside was fullof inns that would serve food. And there were taverns where one could get drinks. The rich couldalso eat special meals prepared by

26、private cooks. But none of them could be called a “restaurant”.A man called Boulanger changed that. In 1765, he opened a place in Paris that sold soups(湯).On his sign he used the word restaurant to describe what he was selling. At that time, soups wereconsidered something that could help restore(恢復(fù))

27、your health- in French the word restore is“restaurer”- so he called the soups restaurants. Soon, people started buying Boulangers soupseven when they were not ill. And over time, people began to use the word restaurant to refer to aplace selling soup rather than the soup itself. More restaurants ope

28、ned in France, and people 5 began to buy soups more often.Later, restaurants in Paris began to serve other food besides soup. In the 1790s, menus startedto appear. By the mid-1800s, there were many types of restaurants throughout the world. TheUnited States offered coffee shops. Tea houses became po

29、pular throughout China. Paris createdbeautiful restaurants for the rich. The British began to copy the French, and the restaurant ideaspread throughout the British Empire.Today cities are filled with all types of restaurants. Diners have millions of options fromwhich to choose.31. What is the passag

30、e mainly about?A. How restaurants developedB. What made a good restaurant.C. Who created the first restaurantD. Why restaurants became popular.32. According to the first paragraph, what made restaurants different from earlier eatingplaces?A. Restaurants only served foodB. Restaurants were more expen

31、siveC. Restaurants were mainly in citiesD. Restaurants had a list of meal choices33. Who did Boulanger expect to come and eat at his restaurant?A. Rich peopleB. Sick people.C. Travellers.D. Workers.34. When it was first used. what did the word restaurant refer to?A. A person.B. A place.C. Illness.D.

32、 Soup. 6 35. When did restaurants begin to grow internationally?A. In the 1600s.B. In the 1700s.C. In the 1800s.D. In the 1900s.（C）Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people dontknow is that junk(垃圾)has become a problem in outer space too.According to BBC News,

33、there are more than 22, 000 pieces of space junk floating aroundthe earth. And these are just the things that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes(望遠(yuǎn)鏡). There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we cant see.Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move ar

34、ound the planet at very highspeeds fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dangerous toastronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle.To make things worse, when two objects in space crash, they break into many smaller

35、 pieces.For example, when a U.S. satellite hit an old Russian rocket in 2009, it broke into more than 2,000pieces, increasing the amount of space junk.To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stayin space for 25 years at most. Each tool must be built t

36、o fall safely into the earths atmosphere afterthat time. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.Many scientists also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk. In England scientistsare testing a metal net that can be fired into space junk. The net catches the junk and then pull

37、s itinto the earths atmosphere to burn up. The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces ofspace junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.The problem is becoming more challenging because were sending more objects into space tohelp people use their mobile phones and computer

38、s,” says Marco Castronuovo, an Italian spaceResearcher.“The time to act is now. The longer we leave the problem, the bigger it will become,” hesays. 7 36. What does the underlined word “these” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Telescopes.B. Satellites.C. Pieces of space junk.D. BBC news reports.37. Why is

39、space junk considered a problem?A. It buns up after it re-enters the atmosphereB. It often stops the view of telescopes on EarthC. It could force new space tools to travel at slower speedsD. It may crash into other space tools causing damage or deat38. Countries want future space tools to be able to

40、 fall back into the earths atmosphere sothat .A. the tools can be reused laterB. the tools dont become space junkC. the earths atmosphere can stay cleanD. the effects of space flight can be studied39. How do the Germans plan to deal with space junk?A. Catch it with nets.B. Use robots to collect it.C

41、. Burn it in the earths atmosphere.D. Send it further away from the earth.40. In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article?A. Environment.B. Local News.C. Education.D. Fashion.（D）Science for KidsThis months most popular books 8 1.Women in Science by Rachel Ignotofsky Specia

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44、or within three days. For Bestbookschildren. The book is divided into 4 parts, one Book Club members this is free. Non-membersfor each of the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and must pay an extra $2 per book.Arctic oceans. It focuses on the differentanimals found in each of these seas, along withinteresti

45、ng facts and amazing pictures.Ages: 5-10 Order Now3. A Really Short History of NearlyEverything by Bill BrysonPrice $15Bill Bryson takes readers on a very funny andeducational trip through the history of modernscience-from its unexpected successes to itsgreat failures and everything in between.Ages:

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47、lture.Ages: 5-12 Order Now41. How are the books on this webpage listed?A. By price.B. By popularity.C. By readers age.D. By writer s name.42. What is true about the book Women in Science?A. It is mainly about Marie Curies history.B. It lists all the important scientific achievements.C. It includes w

48、omen scientists that arent famous.D. It is mostly about the development of modem science.43. How much will a Bestbooks Book Club member pay in total if he orders First Big Bookof How and A Really Short History of Nearly Everything today?A. $34.B. $30.C. $26.D. $24.44. A primary school student who ne

49、eds to write a science report about African elephantsshould choose .A. Women in scienceB. First Big Book of HowC. A Really Short History of Nearly EverythingD. National Geographics First Big Book of the World45. What is the main purpose of this webpage? 10 A. To sell books to young readers.B. To att

50、ract new book club members.C. To encourage students interest in science.D. To review books young readers might like.第二節(jié) 閱讀填空(共 5 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 5 分)閱讀短文及文后 AE 選項(xiàng)，選出可以填入 4650 各題空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Most of us think the telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. 46 fact, anItalian named Antonio M

51、eucci was officially recognised(認(rèn)定)as the inventor a few years ago.Who is Meucci and why wasnt he known for his invention at the time?Antonio Meucci was born in Italy in 1808. He studied engineering and drawing. During hisstudies, Meucci started to experiment with electricity. 47 When two places wer

52、econnected with wire, people in those places could hear each other talk.In 1850, Meucci and his wife. Ester. moved to New York. Meucci was worried about his wife,because she had become very ill. 48 To solve this problem, he connected metal cablesbetween his home and his workshop. This way, they coul

53、d talk to each other conveniently.Meucci invited a group of people to see his new invention. They listened in amazement as thevoice of a singer was heard through the wires.49 Even worse, Meucci never applied for a patent (專利) on his invention.Meanwhile, Alexander Graham Bell was working on the same

54、idea and in 1876 the patent for thetelephone was given to him.In 2002, more than a century after Meuccis death, his work was finally recognised by thegovernment. 50A. He discovered that sound could travel through metal cables.B. However, he wasn t the first person to think of the idea.C. Unfortunate

55、ly, only a few people attended this talk.D. He will now be known all over the world as the telephones inventor.E. He needed to keep in touch with her at all times.四、寫作(共三節(jié);滿分 35 分) 11 第一節(jié) 單詞拼寫(共 6 小題；每小題 1 分，滿分 6 分)根據(jù)下列句子及所給單詞的首字母寫出所缺單詞。在填寫答卷時(shí),要求寫出完整單詞。(每空限填一詞)51. Please open the w and let some fres

56、h air in.52. The kind boy was happy to s his food with the hungry man.53. To keep healthy, you should do sports and have a balanced d .54. N cross the road when the traffic light is red.55. By reading 30 minutes a day, you can learn more words and i your writing.56. The students are very h . They clean houses for the old people every weekend.第二節(jié) 完成句子(共 7 小題;每小題 2 分,滿分 14 分)根據(jù)所給的漢語內(nèi)容，用英語完成下列句子。(每空限填一詞)57.你沿絲綢之路旅游過嗎?ever along the Silk Road?58.參觀廣州博物館對(duì)我們很有教育意義。very educational for us G