路由基礎(chǔ)配置命令

1、.路由基礎(chǔ)配置命令UTP雙絞線類型：直通線：交叉線：廣域網(wǎng)線纜連接類型：DTE：DCE:時(shí)鐘速率：路由器的接口：（作用）1. 廣域網(wǎng)接口: serial 2. 內(nèi)網(wǎng)接口： fastethernet3. 管理接口： console （控制臺） AUX(備份)連接兩個(gè)設(shè)備：1. 物理連接2. 邏輯連接配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備：1. 管理屬性：用戶名 密碼 描述 警告2. 協(xié)議地址：IP IPX3. 協(xié)議策略：vlan 靜態(tài) 訪問控制 交換機(jī) 直接可以應(yīng)用路由器 需要初始配置才能應(yīng)用設(shè)備啟動過程：1. 加電自檢2. 查找加載操作系統(tǒng)3. 查找加載配置文件配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備方式：1. 初始配置：console 2. 初

2、始配置后通過interface（擁有ip地址的接口）： 1）telnet 2）TFTP 3）WEB 4）網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理工具： SNA SDM 配置直接應(yīng)用到內(nèi)存登陸路由器：RouterRouterenable /*進(jìn)入特權(quán)模式Router#Router#disable /*退出特權(quán)模式RouterRouterlogout /*退出路由器Routerexit /*退出路由器路由器IOS幫助功能：？的三個(gè)用法1/ 直接問號2/ Router#cl?clear clock Router#cl3/Router#clock% Incomplete command.Router#clock ? set Set

3、the time and dateRouter#clock 問號的幫助功能：（查找路由器設(shè)置時(shí)間的命令并設(shè)置時(shí)間）Router#cl?clear clock Router#clock% Incomplete command.Router#clock ? set Set the time and dateRouter#clock set% Incomplete command.Router#clock set ? hh:mm:ss Current TimeRouter#clock set 11:04:50% Incomplete command.Router#clock set 11:04:50

4、 ? Day of the month MONTH Month of the yearRouter#clock set 11:04:50 15% Incomplete command.Router#clock set 11:04:50 15 ? MONTH Month of the yearRouter#clock set 11:04:50 15 09 % Invalid input detected at marker.Router#clock set 11:04:50 15 ? MONTH Month of the yearRouter#clock set 11:04:50 15 sep

5、? YearRouter#clock set 11:04:50 15 sep 2009Router#Router#clokTranslating clok.domain server ()% Unknown command or computer name, or unable to find computer addressRouter#clok /* 輸入快捷鍵 “Ctrl+Shift+6”Translating clok.domain server () % Name lookup abortedRouter#clock sit % Invalid input

6、 detected at marker.Router#Router#clock s?set Router#clock sRouter#show history /*查看輸入的歷史命令 clock set 10:41:30 clock set 10:41:30 22 clock set 10:41:30 22 dec 2009 clok clock sit configure terminal clo configure terminal history show history Router#查看操作系統(tǒng)版本：Router#show version 查看配置文件：1. 查看正在運(yùn)行的配置文件

7、（工作在內(nèi)存 RAM）Router#show run 2. 查看啟動的配置文件（存儲過的配置文件 NVRAM）Router#show startRouter#show startup-config startup-config is not present /*沒有啟動的配置文件Router#路由器的硬件：RAM： 內(nèi)存NVRAM：存儲配置文件FLASH：存儲IOSROM：類似計(jì)算機(jī)BIOS，Interface：CPU：保存路由器的配置文件：Router#copy run startDestination filename startup-config? Building configurat

8、ion.OKRouter#writeBuilding configuration.OKRouter#重新啟動路由器：Router#reloadProceed with reload? confirm設(shè)置路由的標(biāo)識符：1. 路由器的名稱Router#conf tRouter(config)#hostname R1R1(config)#2. 每日歡迎信息R1(config)#banner motd # This is R1, shenyang ,Dont shutdown it! #重新登錄路由器3. 端口描述R1(config)#interface serial 0/0/0 (進(jìn)入接口的子模式)

9、R1(config-if)#description To R2 S0/0/0 （端口的描述信息）R1(config-if)#查看端口信息：R1#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/0R1#show run路由器的密碼：1. 控制臺管理接口的密碼：R1(config)#line console 0 （進(jìn)入console接口的配置模式）R1(config-line)#password cisco (密碼是cisco)R1(config-line)#login （登陸過程中，檢查密碼）R1(config-line)#2. 用戶到特權(quán)模式的密碼R1(config)#enabl

10、e password 1234 （明文方式顯示密碼）R1(config)#enable secret 4321 （加密方式顯示密碼，權(quán)限比明文高）3. 刪除密碼：R1(config)#no enable passwordR1(config)#no enable secret4. 啟動密碼的加密服務(wù)：R1(config)#service password-encryption Console接口有用的命令：1.設(shè)置超時(shí)時(shí)間R1(config)#line con 0R1(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 02. 設(shè)置console的同步：R1(config)#line con

11、 0R1(config-line)#logging synchronous 3. 關(guān)閉路由器名稱查找功能R1(config)#no ip domain-lookupRouter#adfdsafTranslating adfdsaf% Unknown command or computer name, or unable to find computer addressRouter#設(shè)置路由器的協(xié)議地址：1. 配置路由器廣域網(wǎng)接口（serial）R1(config)#interface serial 0/0/0R1(config-if)#exitR1(config)#int s0/0/0R1(c

12、onfig-if)#clock rate 64000 （設(shè)置時(shí)鐘輸率）R1(config-if)#bandwidth 64 （設(shè)置接口帶寬）啟動路由器的接口：R1(config-if)#no shutdown （開啟接口）R1(config-if)#%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up (接口的物理層UP)%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up （接口的數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層UP）R1(config-if

13、)#配置接口的ip地址：R1(config)#int s0/0/0R1(config-if)#ip address R1(config-if)#no shutdown （開啟接口）測試接口的連通性：R1#ping Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to , timeout is 2 seconds:!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/

14、32 msR1#查看端口的狀態(tài)：R1# show int s0/0/0Serial0/0/0 is up, line protocol is up (connected) Hardware is HD64570 Description: To R2 S0/0/0 Internet address is /24 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 64 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepal

15、ive set (10 sec) Last input never, output never, output hang never Last clearing of show interface counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/0/256 (active/max

16、active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) Available Bandwidth 48 kilobits/sec 5 minute input rate 5 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 5 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 packets input, 640 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 inpu

17、t errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 5 packets output, 640 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 2 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 0 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=upR1#查看接口連接線纜的類型：R1#show controllers serial

18、0/0/0Interface Serial0/0/0Hardware is PowerQUICC MPC860DCE V.35, clock rate 64000idb at 0x81081AC4, driver data structure at 0x81084AC0SCC Registers:. .R2#show controllers serial 0/0/0Interface Serial0/0/0Hardware is PowerQUICC MPC860DTE V.35 TX and RX clocks detectedidb at 0x81081AC4, driver data s

19、tructure at 0x81084AC0SCC Registers:.接口狀態(tài)的提示：R3#show int serial 0/3/0 /* 默認(rèn)關(guān)閉的端口或手工關(guān)閉的端口Serial0/3/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled).Router#show int s0/0/0 /* 端口物理層有問題，遠(yuǎn)端接口沒有開啟Serial0/0/0 is down, line protocol is down (disabled).Router#show int s0/0/0 /* 物理層工作正常，數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層有問題：1.