何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)ppt.ppt

1、Passive Voice,一. 何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),1. 不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或沒(méi)有必要,Paper is made from wood.,He was wounded in the fight.,2. 需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away.,He was awarded first prize in that contest.,3為了使語(yǔ)氣婉轉(zhuǎn)，避免提及自己或?qū)Ψ蕉?用被動(dòng)語(yǔ) 態(tài)，或由于修飾的需要，使用被動(dòng) 語(yǔ)態(tài)，使句子得以更好的安排。,The construction of t

2、he new lab must be completed by the end of next month.,Electricity is used to run machines.,二. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成,be+done 可以是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也可以是系表 結(jié)構(gòu)形式,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，done可以帶by短語(yǔ)， 而系表結(jié)構(gòu)中done相當(dāng)于adj. 不帶by短語(yǔ)。,The question is settled. (系表結(jié)構(gòu)),Such questions are settled by us.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)),The composition is well written. (系表結(jié)構(gòu)),The composit

3、ion is written with great care . (被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)),2許多verbs(broken, interested, shut, worried), 既可以 用做adj.也可以在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)中做過(guò)去分 詞.句中如果有by，通常是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,I was worried about you all night. (表狀態(tài)) I was worried by mosquitoes all night.表動(dòng)作,The glass was broken by Jack. (表動(dòng)作) The glass is broken. (表狀態(tài)),三. 不同形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),含有直賓和間賓的主動(dòng)結(jié)

4、構(gòu),變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)可 將其中一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，另一個(gè)不動(dòng) 一般是主語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)的主語(yǔ)。,He showed me his pictures.,I was shown his pictures by him.,His pictures were shown to me by him.,Aunt made me a new dress.,I was made a new dress by aunt.,A new dress was made for me by aunt.,2 含有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句，賓補(bǔ)不變。,（1） 將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，賓補(bǔ)不變。,They call her XiaoLi.

5、She is called XiaoLi.,（2) make, let, have, hear, watch, see, feel, notice. H 既動(dòng)詞后變做賓補(bǔ)的不定式一般不 加to,變?yōu)楸粍?dòng),必須加to .,My brother often made me do this and that when I was young.,I was often made to do this and that by my brother when I young.,I heard her move about in her room upstairs last night.,She was h

6、eard to move about in her room uptairs last night.,Did you see Jack take away the magazine?,Was Jack seen to take away the magazine?,3. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。是由情態(tài)V+be+ p.p.構(gòu)成,They can not find him.,He can not be found.,You must pay me for this.,I must be paid for this.,4. 短語(yǔ)V的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 一般來(lái)講，只有及物V才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),因?yàn)橹挥?vt才能 有動(dòng)作

7、的承受者; 但有許多由不及物動(dòng)詞 +介詞及其他詞類(lèi)構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，相當(dāng)與及物 動(dòng)詞，可以有賓語(yǔ)。因 而可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但 應(yīng)注意短語(yǔ)V是一個(gè)不可分割的 整體。變被動(dòng) 時(shí)，不可丟掉構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)的prep或adv.這樣的短語(yǔ) 有：,look after, listen to, look at,pay attention to, take care of, look forward to, make use of,They had put out the fire before the firebrigade arrived.,The fire had been put out before the f

8、ire-brigade arrived.,5. 有些動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義.,The goods sells well. The door cant open.,6.有些詞如want,need,require和 be worth后面 v-ing形式 為主動(dòng)，意義為被動(dòng)。,The room needs/wants/requires cleaning.,The book is worth reading.,7.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的賓語(yǔ)是從句，變成被動(dòng)時(shí)使 用形式替代 詞it.,We know that Britain is an island country.,Its known that Britai

9、n is an island country.,8. 賓語(yǔ)為反身代詞，相互代詞及虛詞it時(shí)， 不用被,只用主動(dòng)。,I will do it myself. The man introduced himself as Mr. Wang.,9. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是以下時(shí)，無(wú)被動(dòng)。,happen, belong to, suit, fit(適合), have, let, join, fall, last（延長(zhǎng)）,cost（花費(fèi)） break out（爆發(fā)）appear, burst out(迸發(fā))， hold(容納)，lack（缺乏），agree with （同意）.,10. 據(jù)說(shuō)類(lèi)動(dòng)詞：,say, con

10、sider, think, report, know, believe, suggest, understand, hope, etc.,如：It is said that There is said to be Sth./Sb. is said to,11.主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng), 感官動(dòng)詞：sound,taste,smell,fell,look, seem等主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)；, 一些vi主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義,open, close, shut, read, write, translate, wash, clean, lock, sell, wear, cut, cook, eat, weigh, dri

11、nk, pay, draw, etc.,不定式to blame,to let（出租）作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，主動(dòng)形式表 被動(dòng)含義 You are to blame. The house is to let.,表（sth）需要的need ,want, require等后的動(dòng)名詞用 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義,The house needs /wants/require repairing,be worth后的動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義,The book is worth reading.,Make these sentences passive.,1.About a million tourists visit Flo

12、rence each year. 2.Ten million people visited London last year. 3.Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa.,Florence is visited by about a million tourists each year.,London was visited by ten million people last year.,The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci.,1.The Moon Lisa wasnt painted by P

13、icasso. 2. The Great Wall of China was built by thousands of workers.,The Moon Lisa wasnt painted by Picasso.,The Great Wall of China was built by thousands of workers.,Correct the wrong statements.,Example: - The Sagrada Fimilia was designed by an English architect (Spanish) - No, it wasnt. It was

14、designed by a Spanish architect.,1.The Louvre Art Gallery is located in Athen.( Paris) 2.Paris is situated on the coast.,No. it isnt. Its located in Paris.,London was visited by ten million people last year.,3.Florence is visited by eight million tourists every year. 4.Barcelona is known as the birthplace of western civilization. 5.The Parthenon was built a hundred years a