2015年高考真題英語(廣東卷)Word版含解析

1、2015年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（廣東卷）英語本試卷共12頁，三大題，滿分135分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項：1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號、試室號和座位號填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（B）填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。2. 選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3. 非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案，不準(zhǔn)使用鉛

2、筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4. 考生必須保持答題卷和答題卡的整潔，考試結(jié)束后，將試卷、答題卷和答題卡一并交回。語言知識及應(yīng)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）完形填空（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從115各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is _1_ to live no longer than 120 years. However, 11

3、0 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live if he or she is _2_ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce _3_. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and _4_ die.Even though we cant live for

4、ever, we are living a _5_ life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span (壽命) was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the _6_ line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people dont begin to experience

5、physical and mental _7_ until after age 75.People are living longer because more people _8_ childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood _9_. Now that the chances of dying _10_ are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to b

6、etter diets and health care.On the whole, our population is getting older. The _11_ in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see _12_, not disaster, many men and women in their “golden y

7、ears” are healthy, still active, and young in _13_ if not in age.As the society grows old, we need the _14_ of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they need to _15_ active and devoted.1. A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered2. A. completely B. generally C. apparently D. ex

8、tremely3. A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately4. A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately5. A. busier B. longer C. richer D. happier6. A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing7. A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure8. A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. val

9、ue9. A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases10. A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet11. A. changes B. recovery C. safety D. increases12. A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices13. A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement14. A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission15. A. so

10、und B. appear C. turn D. stay【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.A5.B6.D7.C8.A9.D10.B11.A12.B13.A14.C15.D6.D考查形容詞及語境的理解。句意：作為中年和老年的分界線，65歲可能已經(jīng)過時了。finishing 完成；guiding 指導(dǎo)，指引；waiting 等待；dividing劃分。根據(jù)文意可知，把65歲當(dāng)做中年和老年的分界線，這已經(jīng)不適合現(xiàn)在的形勢了。dividing line分界線，故選D。7.C考查名詞及語境的理解。句意：畢竟，很多老年人直到75歲之后才開始經(jīng)歷身體和精神的衰落。stress 壓力，壓迫；damage 損壞；

11、decline 衰落，衰弱；failure失敗。根據(jù)句意可知，現(xiàn)在很多老年人是在75歲之后身體和精神才開始衰弱的，故選C。8.A考查動詞及語境的理解。句意：現(xiàn)在人們活得更長因為更多的人從童年中幸存下來。survive 幸存；enjoy 喜歡，欣賞；remember 記得；value價值，估價。根據(jù)這一段的內(nèi)容和the chances of living long are much higher due to a better diets and health care可知，現(xiàn)在的人平均壽命比以前更長的一個原因是人們從童年的疾病中幸存了下來，故選A。9.D考查名詞及語境的理解。句意：在現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)改

12、變了自然的法則之前，很多孩子死于常見的兒童疾病。problems 問題；fears 恐懼，害怕；worries 擔(dān)心；diseases 疾病。根據(jù)句意可知，以前的人們因為很多普遍的兒童疾病而死，所以導(dǎo)致平均壽命比較低。故選D。10.B考查形容詞及語境的理解。句意：既然年少夭折的可能性更低了，那么活得更長的機(jī)會就更高了，因為有了更好的飲食和醫(yī)學(xué)護(hù)理。poor 窮的；young 年輕的；sick 病的；quiet 安靜的。根據(jù)這一段的意思可知，以前人們在小的時候就因為生病死去了，dying young就是年少死去。故選B。11.A考查名詞及語境的理解。句意：人口結(jié)構(gòu)的改變會對我們社會的發(fā)展和我們的

13、生活方式有持續(xù)的影響。changes 改變；recovery 恢復(fù)；safety 安全；increases 增長，增加。根據(jù)下文中Some people fear such changes will可知，我們現(xiàn)在的人口結(jié)構(gòu)改變了，故選A。12.B考查名詞及語境的理解。句意：一些人擔(dān)心這個改變將會帶來一些壞處，然而還有一些人看到的是機(jī)會，而不是災(zāi)難。dreams 夢想；chances 機(jī)會；strengths 力量；choices 選擇。根據(jù)句意可知，這句話中的while 表示對比，即跟前一種人不一樣的看法，故選B。13.A考查名詞及語境的理解。句意：現(xiàn)在，很多處在“黃金年齡”的男士和女士，身體

14、都非常健康，仍然積極，心態(tài)也很年輕。mind 心態(tài)；appearance 外表；voice 聲音；movement移動。根據(jù)句意可知，這里應(yīng)該是說雖然年齡老了，但是心態(tài)依然年輕，故選A。14.C考查名詞及語境的理解。句意：隨著我們的社會老齡化，我們需要這些老年公民們的貢獻(xiàn)。protection 保護(hù)；suggestions 建議；contributions 貢獻(xiàn)；permission允許。根據(jù)文意可知，現(xiàn)在的社會逐漸老齡化，因此老年人也要繼續(xù)給我們的社會做貢獻(xiàn)，故選C。15.D考查動詞及語境的理解。句意：前面還有很長的壽命，他們需要保持積極的心態(tài)和奉獻(xiàn)的精神。sound 聽起來；appear

15、好像；出現(xiàn)；turn 轉(zhuǎn)，變成；stay保持。根據(jù)文意可知，現(xiàn)在人們的壽命更長了，因此老年人也要繼續(xù)保持積極心態(tài)，為我們的社會做貢獻(xiàn)。故應(yīng)選D?！究键c(diǎn)定位】社會現(xiàn)象類短文。第二節(jié) 語法填空（共10小題； 每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求,在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空,并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號為16-25的相應(yīng)位置上。Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned _16_ farm, which looked almost aband

16、oned. _17_ (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearly _18_ other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what _19_ (leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass _20_ it

17、 began to rain heavily. While making great efforts to run away, she _21_ (fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnson tried to make a living _22_ the cow. In order to support his family, Mr. Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting dow

18、n trees _23_ (sell) the wood. Thinking about his childrens clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market _24_ people from the town met regularly. Now it occurred to _25_ that his farm had much potential and that th

19、e death of the cow was a bit of luck. 【答案】16. a17. luckily18. for19. was left20. when21. fell22. without23. to sell24. where25. him【解析】試題分析：這篇短文講述的是Johnson先生一家人靠著農(nóng)場里的奶牛維持生活，但是一次意外奶牛死了，Johnson先生不得不想其他辦法繼續(xù)生活。他一邊種藥草和蔬菜，一邊砍樹去集上賣木頭。上帝在給他關(guān)上了一扇門的時候，又給他打開了一扇門。16. 句意：他擁有一個農(nóng)場，這個農(nóng)場看起來都快廢棄了。a 是不定冠詞，表示泛指一個，修飾可數(shù)名

20、詞單數(shù)。根據(jù)文意可知，Johnson先生和家人住在樹林里，他擁有一個農(nóng)場。故填a。17. 句意：幸運(yùn)的是，他還有一頭奶牛，每天都能產(chǎn)奶。luckily副詞，幸運(yùn)的是。根據(jù)文意可知，Johnson先生的農(nóng)場很破舊，都快要廢棄了。但是還有奶牛每天都產(chǎn)奶，能讓他維持生存，所以這是一件幸運(yùn)的事。這里用副詞形式修飾整個句子18. 句意：他去附近的鎮(zhèn)里賣牛奶，或是用牛奶來換其他的食物。本句話中exchange 的意思是交換，根據(jù)句意可知，Johnson先生用牛奶來換其他的食物。這里是用短語exchangefor，故填介詞for。19. 句意：他去附近的鎮(zhèn)里賣牛奶，或是用牛奶來換其他的食物，用剩下的牛奶制作

21、奶酪和黃油。leave離開；剩下，留下。根據(jù)文意可知，Johnson先生一家靠農(nóng)場里的奶牛產(chǎn)奶來生活。除去賣掉的和換其他食物的牛奶，剩下的他就用來制作奶酪和黃油。這里what was left是一個賓語從句，根據(jù)句意可知用被動語態(tài)。20. 句意：一天，奶牛正在吃草，這時突然開始下起大雨。when是并列連詞，意思是正在這時。這句話使用的句型是be doing sth. when，正在做某事這時。21. 句意：在慌忙逃跑的時候，奶牛摔下了山死了。fall摔倒，掉下來，根據(jù)文意可知，這篇短文使用的是一般過去時態(tài)，故這里填過去式fell。22. 句意：牛奶死了，Johnson先生不得不繼續(xù)生活。wit

22、h和一起。根據(jù)文意可知，牛奶在慌忙躲雨的時候，不小心摔死了，因此Johnson先生就不得不沒有了奶牛來生活。故填without。23. 句意：因為這些藥草和蔬菜需要花費(fèi)時間來生長，Johnson先生就開始砍樹來賣木頭。sell賣，銷售。根據(jù)文意可知，Johnson先生一邊種植藥草和蔬菜，一邊砍樹去賣掉木柴。這里用動詞不定式形式在句中做目的狀語。24. 句意：豐收的時候，他已經(jīng)在人們定期趕集的市場上去賣藥草、蔬菜和棉花了。where 在這里引導(dǎo)的是一個定語從句，修飾先行詞the market。25. 句意：現(xiàn)在看來好像他的農(nóng)場是非常有潛能的，奶牛的死也似乎給他帶來了好運(yùn)氣。It occurred

23、 to sb. that某人突然發(fā)現(xiàn),這是一個固定的句型，因為這篇短文講述的是Johnson先生，故填him?！究键c(diǎn)定位】語法填空。II 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，25題，滿分50分）閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。APeter loved to shop used articles. Almost a month ago, he bought popular word game that used little pieces of wood with different letters on them. A

24、s he was purchasing it, the salesgirl said, “Uh, look, the game box havent even been opened yet. That might be worth some money. ”Peter examined the box, and, sure enough, it was completely covered in factory-sealed plastic. And he saw a date of 1973 on the back of the box.“You should put that up fo

25、r auction (拍賣) on the Internet, and see what happens.”the salesgirl said.“Yes, youre right. People like something rare.” Peter agreed, “I cant imagine there being very many unopened boxes of this game still around 40 years later.”“Dont forget to tell me if you sell it.” the salesgirl smiled.“No prob

26、lem.” Peter said.After he got home, Peter went online to several auction websites looking for his game. But he couldnt find it. Then he typed in the name of the word game and hit Search. The search result was 543 websites containing information about the changes of the game. Over the years, the game

27、 had been produced using letters in different sizes and game boards in different colors. He also found some lists of game fans looking for various versions of the game. Peter emailed some of them, telling them what he had.Two weeks later, Peter went back to the shop.“Hello. Do you still remember the

28、 unopened word game?”The salesgirl looked at him for a second, then recognized him and said, “Oh, hi!”“Ive got something for you,” Peter said. “I sold the game and made $1,000. Thank you for your suggestion.” He handed her three $ 100 bills.“Wow!” the salesgirl cried out. “Thank you, I never expecte

29、d it.”26. Which of the following best describes Peters word game?A. It was made around 40 years ago.B. It had game boards in different sizes.C. It was kept in a plastic bag with a seal.D. It had little pieces of wood in different colors.27. What did the salesgirl probably think of Peters word game?A

30、. Old and handy.B. Rare and valuable.C. Classic and attractive.D. Colorful and interesting28. Peter got the names of the game fans from _.A. an auctionB. the InternetC. a game shopD. the second-hand shop29. What happened at the end of the story?A. Peter gave the girl $300 as a reward.B. The salesgir

31、l became Peters friend.C. Peter returned the word game for $ 1,000.D. The salesgirl felt confused to see Peter again.30. What is the main theme of the story?A. Its important to keep a promise.B. Its great to share in other peoples happiness.C. We should be grateful for the help from others.D. Someth

32、ing rare is worth a large amount of money.【答案】26. A27. B28. B 29. A30. C【解析】試題分析：本文敘述了Peter在聽從了一位女銷售員的建議，買了一個舊的游戲盒子，并到網(wǎng)上拍賣。結(jié)果他掙了1000美元。為了感激這位女銷售員，他給了她300美元做為回報。【考點(diǎn)定位】故事類短文閱讀。BWhen I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasnt very fun about it was that he cou

33、ld catch many fish while I couldnt catch anything. I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why. He always answered, “Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish”, I remember being even more upset then because, “Im not a fish!” I didnt know how to think like a fish. Besides

34、, I reasoned, how could what I think influence what a fish does?As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really meant. So, I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the monthly meetings. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal a

35、nd therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish dont have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun huts their eyes The more I understood fish, th

36、e more I became effective at finding and catching them.When I grew up and entered the business world, I remember hearing my first boss say, “We all need to think like sales people.” But it didnt completely make sense. My dad never once said, “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fish

37、erman.” What he said was, “You need to think like a fish.” Years later, with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers. It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters

38、.31. Why was the author upset in fishing trips when he was nine?A. He could not catch a fish.B. His father was not patient with him.C. His father did not teach him fishing.D. He could not influence a fish as his father did.32. What did the authors father really mean?A. To read about fish.B. To learn

39、 fishing by oneself.C. To understand what fish think.D. To study fishing in many ways.33. According to the author, fish are most likely to be found _.A. in deep water on sunny daysB. in deep water on cloudy daysC. in shallow water under sunlightD. in shallow water under waterside trees.34. After ent

40、ering the business world, the author found _.A. it easy to think like a customerB. his fathers fishing advice inspiringC. his first bosss sales ideas reasonableD. it difficult to sell services to poor people35. This passage most likely comes from _.A. a fishing guideB. a popular sales bookC. a novel

41、 on childhoodD. a millionaires biography【答案】31. A32. C33. D34. B35. B【考點(diǎn)定位】故事類短文閱讀。CDaniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes its important to distinguish televisions influences on children from those of the family. We tend to blame TV, he says, for problems it doesnt really cause, overlookin

42、g our own roles in shaping childrens minds.One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a childs ability to think and to understand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像). Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they se

43、e. Actually, children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows. Furthermore, as many teachers agree, children understand far more when parents watch TV with them, explaining new words and ideas. Yet, most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the s

44、et and do something in another room.Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. But according to Anderson, the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability. TV doesnt take the place of reading for most children; it takes t

45、he place of similar sorts of recreation, such as listening to the radio and playing sports. Things like parents educational background have a stronger influence on a childs reading. “A childs reading ability is best predicted by how much a parent reads.” Anderson says.Traditional wisdom also has it

46、that heavy television-watching lowers IQ (智商) scores and affects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it. In fact, research suggests that its the other way around. “If youre smart young, youll watch less TV when youre older,” Anderson says. Yet, people of low

47、er IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers.For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children. However, by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionally believed, Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without con

48、sidering other influences.36. By watching TV, children learn _.A. images through wordsB. more than explicit meaningsC. more about images than wordsD. little about peoples psychology37. An educational program is best watched by a child _.A. on his ownB. with other kidsC. with his parentsD. with his t

49、eachers38. Which of the following is most related to childrens reading ability?A. Radio-listeningB. Television-watchingC. Parents reading listD. Parents educational background39. Anderson believed that _.A. the more a child watches TV, the smarter he isB. the younger a child is, the more he watches

50、TVC. the smarter a child is, the less likely he gets addicted to TVD. the less a child watches TV, the better he performs at school40. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To advise on the educational use of TV.B. To describe TVs harmful effects on children.C. To explain traditional views on T

51、V influences.【解析】36. B37. C38. D39. C40. D40. D推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Anderson suggests that television cannot condemned without considering other influences.“Anderson認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該按照常規(guī)，不考慮電視的其他影響而去譴責(zé)電視”故推斷這篇文章的目的是呈現(xiàn)Anderson打破常規(guī)的想法，故選D?！究键c(diǎn)定位】教育類短文閱讀。DIt was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinc

52、tion. Each class had unique characteristics.In recent years, many writers have begun to speak the decline of class and classless society in Britain. And in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middle class. But pronouncing the death of class is too early. A recent wide-ranging so

53、ciety of public opinion found 90 percent of people still placing themselves in particular class; 73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part of British society; and 52 percent thought there were still sharp class differences. Thus, class may not be culturally and politically obvious, yet it

54、remains an important part of British society. Britain seems to have a love of stratification.One unchanging aspect of a British persons class position is accent. The words a person speaks tell her or his class. A study of British accents during 1970s found that a voice sounding like a BBC newsreader

55、 was viewed as the most attractive voice, Most people said this accent sounded educated and soft. The accents placed at the bottom in this study, on the other hand, were regional（地區(qū)的）city accents. These accents were seen as common and ugly. However, a similar study of British accents in the US turne

56、d these results upside down and placed some regional accents as the most attractive and BBC English as the least. This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice.In recent years, however, young upper middle-class people in London, have begun to ad

57、opt some regional accents, in order to hide their class origins. This is an indication of class becoming unnoticed. However, the 1995 pop song Common People puts forward the view that though a middle-class person may want to live like common people they can never appreciate the reality of a working-class life.41. A recent study of public opinion shows that in modern Britain _. A. it is time to end class dis