《定從名詞性從》PPT課件.ppt

1、名詞性從句 which made us sad. （改為：_） He has two sisters, one of them is a teacher. （改為：_,house后加the one,that,whom,有分號(hào)或連詞時(shí)不是定語(yǔ)從句,是平行結(jié)構(gòu),3).定語(yǔ)從句中主謂一致: 一般應(yīng)與它所指代的先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)保持主謂一致 The students who were here just now are from No.1 Senior Middle School. 比較,He is the only one of the students who was here just now. H

2、e is one of the students who were here just now,如果one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞后跟有定語(yǔ)從句，一般情況下one of后的復(fù)數(shù)名詞為先行詞，但當(dāng)one前有the only 修飾時(shí)，先行詞則為one,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和單句的比較 1.I am reading Harry Porter, _is an interesting book. 2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry. 3.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry. 4.He has t

3、wo sons. Both of _ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers,which,That,which,them,whom,Noun Clauses include,Subjective Clause (主語(yǔ)從句), Objective Clause (賓語(yǔ)從句), Predicative Clause (表語(yǔ)從句), Appositive Clause (同位語(yǔ)從句,I. Conception Input,noun clauses,主語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句,表語(yǔ)從句,同位語(yǔ)從句,That she did best in

4、 the exam pleased her parents,I think that physics is very hard to learn,The problem is that we havent got in touch with them,The news that our team won the first prize excited all of us,that引導(dǎo)的,主語(yǔ)從句 在復(fù)合句中作主句的主語(yǔ).引導(dǎo)詞有連詞that ,whether (that 不可省);代詞有who, what ,which;副詞 when ,where, how, why 等.如,1._ he i

5、s a famous singer is known to us. (It is known to us that he is a famous singer.,2._ he will go to America is not yet fixed. (It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.) 3. _ he said was right. It was right what he said.,That,When,What,用it 作形式主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu),1) It is 名詞 從句 It is a fact that 事實(shí)是 It is an

6、honor that 非常榮幸 It is common knowledge that 是常識(shí) (2) It is 形容詞 從句 It is natural that S + should do 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是 ( important, necessary, impossible ) (3) It is 不及物動(dòng)詞 從句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰巧 (4) It 過去分詞 從句 It has been proved that 已證實(shí) It is said that 據(jù)說,表語(yǔ)從句,表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的名

7、詞性從句，放在系動(dòng)詞之后，可以接表語(yǔ)從句的連系動(dòng)詞有 be, look, remain, seem 等。另，常用的還有the reason is that 和 It is because 等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：1) The question is _ we can make good preparation in such a short time.2) This is _ we cant get the support of the people3) But the fact remains _ we are behind the other classes.4) The reason why he

8、 is late for school is _ he missed the early bus,whether,why,that,that,表語(yǔ)從句,如果句子的主語(yǔ)是suggestion, order, advice, proposal等名詞時(shí)，后面that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句用 “（should ) +動(dòng)詞原形 ” 形式,His suggestion is that we （ should ）finish the work at once,賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)的名詞性從句， 通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(及物動(dòng)詞)或介詞后。1. 作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)1) 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（that可以省

9、略）, 1. I heard that be joined the army. 2. She did not know what had happened. 3. I wonder whether you can change the note. 4. He told me that he would accept my invitation.2. 作介詞的賓語(yǔ) Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.3. 作形容詞的賓語(yǔ) I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake,

10、引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的that常常可以省略, 但在以下情況不能省略,make, find, feel, consider這些詞后面用 it作形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí), that不能省略,I find it necessary that we study English,2) 有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第二個(gè)that不能省略,He said (that) he would go there the next day and that his family wouldnt go there,3) 與動(dòng)詞相隔離的賓語(yǔ)從句，that不能省略,The teacher tells us very often that we shoul

11、d study hard,4) 賓語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí),為了強(qiáng)調(diào),that不能省略,That he has done such a thing I cant believe,同位語(yǔ)從句 在句中起同位語(yǔ)的作用.一般放在名詞 fact , news , idea , promise, thought , suggestion 等之后,用以說明或解釋前面的名詞.引導(dǎo)詞有 連詞 that ;少數(shù)情況下也可用連接副詞等.如,1.The thought that we night success excited us. 2.The idea that they should try a second time

12、 is worth considering. 3. You had no idea how worried I was,同位語(yǔ)先行項(xiàng)例解表,2.The possibility whether Bush will win the election is worth considering. 3. I have no idea what the life will be like in 2100s,同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別,The news that he told me is that he would go abroad. （他告訴我的消息是真的） （that引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，that在從句

13、中作賓語(yǔ)） 2) The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. （湯姆將出國(guó)的消息是他講的。） （同位語(yǔ)從句，that在句中不作任何成分,Tell the difference,1.The news that the plane would take off on time made everybody happy. 2.The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming,3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering. 4.The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical,同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別,1) 定語(yǔ)從句中的that既代替先行詞，同時(shí)以在從句中作某個(gè)成分（主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)），而同位語(yǔ)從句中的that是連詞，只起連接主句與從句的作用，不充當(dāng)句中任何成分,2) 定語(yǔ)從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對(duì)先行詞加以限定，描述定的性質(zhì)或特征；同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞性的