4.1重點詞匯短語細解-高二英語上學期人教版選修六同步復習全攻略含解析

1、重點詞匯短語細解、重點詞匯細解高中英語1. phe no me non n.現(xiàn)象；奇跡，罕見的人才或事物(pl. phe nomena)【教材原句】 There is no doubt that the earth is beco ming warmer and that it is huma nactivity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫無疑問，地球正在變暖，而地球變暖正是人類活動導致的，并非是一種無規(guī)律的自然現(xiàn)象?！練w納拓展】the phe nomena

2、of n ature自然現(xiàn)象a social phe nomenon社會現(xiàn)象例：(1) Rai n and snow are phenomena of the weather.雨雪是天氣現(xiàn)象。(2) Beethove n was a phenomenon am ong musicia ns.貝多芬是音樂家中的天才。2. subscribe vi.同意；捐贈；訂閱 vt.(簽署)文件；捐助【教材原句】 All scie ntists subscribe to the view that the in crease in the earth s temperature is due to the

3、burning of fossil fuels like coal, n atural gas and oil toproduce en ergy.所有的科學家都贊同這種觀點：地球溫度的升高是由于為了產生能量而燃燒煤炭、天然氣和石油等化石燃料?！練w納拓展】subscriber (雜志等）訂購者，訂閱者；（手機、電話等）用戶；捐助者，資助者subscribe to冋意，贊成；訂購subscribe sth.to捐助subscribe for認購（書籍等）即學即練（1）完成句子Ia Weekly Womeri s magazine.我訂了一份婦女周刊。Theyou dialed is powere

4、d off.您撥打的用戶已關機。 He did notmy proposal.他不贊同我的建議。 He 10,000 yua nthe charity every year.他每年向慈善機構捐獻 10,000 元。 Hehis n amea petitio n.他在請愿書上簽名?！敬鸢浮?subscribed to subscriber subscribe to subscribes ； to subscribed; to【解析】本題主要考察 subscribe的用法（2）根據語境選出動詞subscribe 的詞義：（A）訂閱、（B）簽署（文件）、（C）贊助；定期捐款、（D）同意。 I was

5、 un willi ng to subscribe to the con tract, but it seemed that I had no choice. Don t go and ask for her idea about our pla n. Never will she subscribe to it forthe trip. I d li ke to subscribe to some magazines useful for our work. They subscribe to the Hope Project, which aims to help childre n re

6、turn to school.【答案】 BDAC【解析】本題主要考察 subscribe的用法3. tend vi.趨向；易于；照顧 vt.照顧；護理ten de ncy n.傾向；趨勢（常與 to/towards 連用）【教材原句】It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.這意味著更多的熱量將被困在大氣層中，從而引起全球氣溫上升。【歸納拓展】tend to do sth.傾向于做某事tend towards/to傾向于

7、；趨于tend sb./sth.照顧，護理某人/某物例：People un der stress tend to express their full range of pote ntial.處于壓力下的人容易發(fā)揮自己全部的潛力。Prices are tending upward.物價在上漲。The woma n stayed at home to tend her child.那個婦女待在家里照料她的孩子。Most of boys tend to enjoy playing basketball.大部分男孩都喜歡打籃球。The older wome n tend to believe in

8、stra ngers easily.老人更容易輕信陌生人。Nowadays there is a grow ing ten dency for people to shop on intern et.女口今人們網上購物有增加的趨勢即學即練I n ever forget the days whe n I wasby the villagers whe n I was woun ded.A. ten dedB. observedC. mon itoredD. cared【答案】A【解析】句意：我永遠忘不了當我受傷的時候被村民照料的日子。tend用作及物動詞，意為侔豈顧，照料o oZ吧觀察；注青；m

9、onitoi監(jiān)視；監(jiān)控；七為不及物動込血吋厲有“照顧；鮒嚴的意思。故選4. oppose vt.反對；反抗；與（某人）較量【教材原句】On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposedto this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carb on dioxidein the air.【歸納拓展】oppose A agai nst/to B使 A與 B 相對抗oppose doing sth.反對做某事be o

10、pposed to 反對as opposed to 與相對照；而非即學即練(1) 完成句子國王不能忍受任何人反抗他。 The king couldn t bear anyone to The fatherhis sons marriage.爸爸反對兒子的婚事。他反對修建新禮堂的建議。 Hethe proposal to build a new hall. Do notyour willmine.不要用你的意愿和我的相抗衡。 She seems very muchyour going abroad.她好像很反對你出國?！敬鸢浮?oppose him is opposed to opposed o

11、ppose; against opposed to【解析】本題主要考察oppose的用法(2)翻譯句子我反對你單獨去那兒。(oppose)愛與恨是相對立的。(opposed)【答案】 I oppose you/your going there alone. Love is opposed to hate.【解析】本題主要考察 oppose的用法5. range n.種類；范圍；vt.排列，歸類于【教材原句】 It will encourage a greater range of animals all of which will make lifefor human beings bette

12、r.它會有利于更多動物的生存所有這些都會改善人類的生活?！練w納拓展】a wide range of一系列a full range of各種in/with in range在射程以內；在范圍內beyo nd/out of ra nge在射程外；在范圍外in/out of the range of在/ 超出的范圍out of one s range 某人能力達不到的；某人知識以外的ran ge fromto在范圍內變動；包括(由到)之間的各類事物range betwee nand 在禾口范圍內變動即學即練(1) 完成句子 In additionto these traditional activi

13、ties, we havechoices suchas travelli ng.除了這些傳統(tǒng)的活動外，我們有更廣泛的選擇，比如旅游等。 The price of the car20,000 dollars to 30,000 dollars, which is.這種車的價格從2萬美元到3萬美元不等，這超出了他的購買能力。 The child was nowof visio n.這孩子現(xiàn)在走出了她的視線。 There isactivities for childre n.有給孩子們提供的各種活動。 Estimates of the damage$1 million$5 millio n.估計損失

14、在100萬到500萬美元之間。 She has had a nu mber of differe nt jobs,chefswim mingin structor.她做過許多不同的工作，從廚師到游泳教練?！敬鸢浮?a wider range of ranges from ； out of his range out of her range a full range of range between ； and ranging from ； to【解析】本題主要考察range的相關短語寫出下列句中range的含義 He spe nt a whole morning ranging his bo

15、oks on the shelf. This weap on can kill at a range of 200 yards. Several cars are available with in this price ran ge. The factory makes a whole range of tools.【答案】 排列 射程 范圍 種類【解析】本題主要考察range的含義6. average adj. 平均的；普通的 n.平均；平均數【教材原句】 The green house effect gives the earth s surface the average temper

16、ature of 15 C.溫室效應導致地球表面的平均溫度達到15 C。【歸納拓展】above the average高于平均水平below the average在一般水平以下on the average 平均，按平均數計算；一般地說on average 平均地；通常an average of 的平均數up to average達到平均數例：The average age of the boys in this class is fiftee n.這個班男生的平均年齡為十五歲。It was an average piece of work.那是一件普通的作品。The average man

17、is not in terested in this subject.普通人一般對這個題目不感興趣。Two stude nts are abse nt each day on average.平均每天有兩個學生缺席。即學即練選詞填空(ordinary/average/normal/common)(1) Though she is CEO of a big compa ny, she is a(n)woma n in the eyes ofher families.(2) Relati ons betwee n the two coun tries have bee n restored to.

18、(3) It s a bag, and you can find it in every store.(4) L etterboxes are much morein the UK tha n in the US, where most peoplehave a mailbox in stead.【答案】(1) average(2) no rmal(3) com mon(4) ordi nary【解析】 本題主要考察 average, normal, common 和ordinary 的區(qū)別7. advocate vt.擁護；提倡；主張；n.支持者；擁護者；提倡者【教材原句】 However,

19、 I still think people should advocate improvements in the waywe use energy today.然而，我仍然認為人們應該提倡改善我們今天使用能源的方式?！練w納拓展】It is advocated that 主張，提倡advocate doing 主張做an advocate of/for 支持的人例：He was a strong advocate of free market policies and the multi-party system.他是自由市場政策和多黨派制度的堅決擁護者。Mr. Williams is a c

20、on servative who advocates fewer gover nment con trols on bus in ess.威廉斯先生是個保守派，主張政府應減少對商業(yè)的控制。注意：advocate后不跟不定式，跟從句時，從句中用虛擬語氣(should)do 。即學即練用所給詞的適當形式填空。(1) The Chin ese gover nment advocates(live) a low- carb on lifestyle.(2) It is advocated that they(reduce) military spe nding.【答案】(1) l iving(2) (

21、should) reduce【解析】本題主要考察 advocate的用法8. circumstaneen. 環(huán)境； 情況【教材原句】 Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to.如果情況允許，回收罐、瓶、塑料袋和報紙?！練w納拓展】決不=n everin/un der no circumsta ncesin/un der the circumsta nces在這種情況下；既然這樣在任何情況下如果情況允許in/un der any circumsta nces if circums

22、ta nces allow/permit例:The strategy was too dan gerous in the explosive circumsta nces of the time.在當時那種一觸即發(fā)的形勢下，采取那樣的策略太危險了。I wish we could have met un der happier circumsta nces.我真希望我們是在更愉快的情況下相識的。即學即練, it seemed better not to tell him about the accide nt.在這種情況下，不告訴他有關這次事故的情況似乎更好。(2) should you len

23、d him any mon ey.你無論如何都不該把錢借給他。, I d like to start tomorrow.如果情況允許，我想明天開始?！敬鸢浮?1) Un der the circumsta nces(2) Un der no circumsta nces(3) lf circumsta nces allow/permit【解析】本題主要考察circumstanee的用法9. refresh vt.(使)精神振作，(使)精力恢復，更新【教材原句】 Plant trees in your garde n or your schoolyard, as they absorb carb

24、 ondioxide from the air and refresh your spirit whe n you look at them.在你的花園或校園里種植樹木，因為它們會從空氣中吸收二氧化碳，當你看它們的時候會使你精神振作。例：When tired, you can refresh yourself with a cup of tea.困時喝杯茶提神。(2) Refresh storage battery in case of being out of energy halfway.給蓄電池充電以免半路沒電。(3) The host refreshed our teacups.主人又

25、為我們斟茶。彳二、重點短語細解1. come about 發(fā)生；產生【教材原句】 So how has this come about and does it matter?那么這種溫度的增長是怎么產生的呢？會產生什么影響嗎？【明辨異同】 辨析 come about/happen/take place/break out/occurcome about 發(fā)生；產生”，指要求解釋或說明事情發(fā)生的理由。happen “發(fā)生”，常用詞匯，指偶然的、意外的、具體客觀事物的發(fā)生或出現(xiàn)，尤其指自發(fā) 的未能預見的事情的發(fā)生。take place “發(fā)生”，指事件或事故的發(fā)生是在預料中的并非偶然的，進而引申為

26、按計劃“進行；舉行”。break out指戰(zhàn)爭、火災、地震、疾病等的突然“發(fā)生，爆發(fā)”。occur多指意想不到的事情的發(fā)生；常用句型It occurred to sb. that ； It occurred to sb.to do ;意為“某人突然想到”。即學即練選詞填空(come about , happen, take place , break out , occur)Luckily the earthquake didn tin the center of the city.(2) Great cha nges havein Guan gzhou since Asia n Games.

27、(3) The revolution has through the applicationof computer scienee.(4) A fireduri ng the ni ght, which caused a lot of damage.(5) Sudde nl y, itme that I forgot to lock the door whe n I left home.【答案】(1) happe n(2) take n place(3) come about(4) broke out(5) occurred to【解析】 本題主要考察 happn, take place, c

28、ome about, break out和occur to 的區(qū)別2. qua ntities of大量的【教材原句】 The problem begi ns whe n we add huge qua ntities of extra carb on dioxideinto the atmosphere.當我們向大氣中添加大量的二氧化碳時，問題就開始了?！練w納拓展】in qua ntity/i n large qua ntities大量的都意為“大量的”，后既可接可數名詞也可接不可數名詞。in small qua ntities 少量的a qua ntity of或 qua ntities

29、ofa qua ntity of+名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞根據其后的名詞而定，跟可數名詞復數時謂語動詞用復數，跟不可數名詞時謂語動詞用單數。而qua ntities of后無論跟可數名詞還是不可數名詞，謂語動詞一律用復數。例：Quan tities of apples were on the table.桌子上有很多蘋果。Huge quantities of oil were shipped to Japan last year.去年大量的石油被海運至U 日本。A large qua ntity of air con diti oners have bee n sold since the s

30、ummer came.入夏以來，已有大量的空調售出。即學即練單項填空(1)in formatio nstored in this computer.A. Large qua ntities of; have bee nB. A great many; has bee nC. A large qua ntity of; wereD. Quite a lot; is【答案】A【解析】infonnalioii 不可數名詞斟勝B項，a great many只能修飾可數名詞真數；如果用a quantity 則其后的謂語動詞用單數，排除C項$ D項quice a 1后面要加才能修飾名詞，故排除；A項qua

31、ntities of 后無論跟可數名詞還是不可數名詞，謂語動詞一律用復數。故選A中(2)Due to the heavy flood in Thaila nd, large qua ntities of suppliesindesperate n eed in the flood-stricke n area now.A. isB. areC. has bee nD. had bee n【答案】B【解析】考查主謂一致。句意：由于泰國境內嚴重的洪水，受災地區(qū)目前急需大量物資?！發(fā)arge quan tities of+名詞”作主語，句子謂語動詞用復數形式，根據句中的時間狀語可知，要用一般現(xiàn)在時。

32、故本題正確選項為B。3. result in 導致；結果是(相當于 lead to )【教材原句】They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels thathas resulted in this in crease in carb on dioxide.他們還贊同下述觀點： 正是由于越來越多的燃燒化石燃料導致了二氧化碳的增加。【歸納拓展】result from因而引起，因而導致。賓語是導致某事的原因，主語是結果as a result結果（作狀語）。常置于句首，并用逗號和后面的句子隔開as a result

33、 of由于。在句中特指引起某種結果的原因時，用定冠詞代替不定冠詞awithout result毫無結果例:Their dispute resulted in war.他們的爭端導致了戰(zhàn)爭。His careless ness resulted in the accide nt.他的粗心導致事故的發(fā)生。即學即練用result的相關短語填空。Sick ness ofte neating too much.疾病往往因吃得太多而引起。(2)About fifty-threethousa ndpeople die in theUn itedStates each yearas a result of ex

34、posure to sec on dha nd smoke.美國每年大約有五萬三千人因為吸二手煙而喪命。(3)This accide ntthe death of two passe ngers.這起事故導致兩名乘客死亡。.,we lost our way.結果，我們迷路了?！敬鸢浮?1)results from (2)As a result of(3) resulted in(4) As a result【解析】本題主要考察 result的相關短語4. keep on 繼續(xù)【教材原句】 Even if westart reduci ng the amount of carb ondioxid

35、eand other greenhousegases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的數量，氣候也會持續(xù)幾十年或幾個世紀?！練w纟內拓展】 keep on doing = go on doing = con ti nue doin g/to do繼續(xù)做注意：keep doing sth.表示動作或狀態(tài)的持續(xù)，連續(xù)不斷地或反復地做;keep on doing sth.表示動作的反復，動作之間略有間隔。例:Emily kept on wait ing in th

36、e heavy rain with no coat on.艾米莉沒穿外套一直在大雨中等待。5. on behalf of = on ones behalf 代表一方； 作為的代言人代表一方； 作為的代言人【教材原句】 I am doing a project on behalf of my school about global warm ing.我正代表學校作一項關于全球變暖的課題研究。即學即練(1) 1 m calling.我是代布萊克先生打電話來的。(2) 1 apologize to you.我謹代表旅館向你們道歉。(3)Myhusba ndcould not be heretoni

37、ght,but I want totha nkyou我丈夫今晚因故不能前來，我代表他向你們致謝。(4) Don t make a conclusion so quickly. You d better hear me out. I am not speakingfor myself, but .不要這么快下結論，你最好聽我說完。我不是為自己說話，而是代表全體同事?！敬鸢浮?1)o n behalf of Mr. Blackon behalf of the hotel(3) o n his behalf(4) on behalf of all my colleagues【解析】本題主要考察on behalf of 的用法6. put up with 忍受；容忍【教材原句】We do not have to put up with pollutio n.我們沒有必要忍受污染?！練w納拓展】 除put up with夕卜，表示容忍；忍受之意的單詞還有：st