上海市寶山區(qū)2018屆高三上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語考試試題-講解稿

1、上海市寶山區(qū)2018屆高三上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語考試試題-講解稿寶山區(qū)2018學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末高三質(zhì)量監(jiān)測試卷i.listeningcomprehensionsectiona1.a.intwoweeks.b.withintwoweeks.c.twoweeksago.d.fortwoweeks.2.a.atagarage.b.inaparkinglot.c.atacarshop.d.inacarshowroom.3.a.selltheicecream.b.takeabiteoftheicecream.c.makeawish.d.passupthefood.4.a.$5.00.b.$8.00.

2、c.$3.00.d.$2.5.5.a.shesunwillingtodoit.b.sheisafraidofdonatingblood.c.donatingbloodisnoneofherbusiness.d.shesreadytodonateblood.6.a.sick.b.quitewell.c.excited.d.confused.7.a.shehasonlyonecoatsoshecantchoose.b.shehasacoatbutshedoesntwanttowearit.c.shehopesthatthemancanlendherone.d.shedoesntwearacoats

3、inceshehasntone.8.a.sheswonderinghowmanyhandsshehas.b.shedoesntwanttohelptheman.c.shecanthandlethissuitcasebyhand.d.shewouldhelpthemaninhand.9.a.shecantpreventherfamilymembersfrommissingher.b.shecanthelpherfamilybecausesheisnotstrongenough.c.shemissesherfamilybecauseshedoesntdowellinthenewschool.d.s

4、hemissesherfamilybecauseshedoesntgetusedtotheschoolslife.10.a.shewasbusyeatingsomethingdelicious.b.johnsonwastoobusytotalktosomeone.c.shedidntnoticewhojohnsonwastalkingto.d.johnsonwasmeetingthenewgueststhen.sectionbquestions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.a.wastefromanimal.b.agricultural

5、chemicals.c.industrialwaste.d.safecontainers.12.a.undamagedmetalcans.b.alltheboxesofjuiceormilk.c.leakingcans.d.waterproofcontainers.13.a.youshouldcleanupthecansonly.b.youshouldbrushthecansandthenputtheminboiledwater.c.youshouldplacethecansinsafeareas.d.youshouldmakethecanscleanandboilthemthoroughly

6、.questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.a.alaboratoryassistant.b.achemistryteacher.c.ateacherofalaboratory.d.aprofessorinthehospital.15.a.hecanmakeuptheclass.b.hewillbedroppedfromtheclass.c.hewillbereportedimmediately.d.hewillattendotherclasses.16.a.itmustbefastenedtightlytogether.b.it

7、shouldbecutrightaway.c.thestudentswillbeaskedtoleavetheclass.d.thestudentsparentswillbecalledtoschool.1/8上海市寶山區(qū)2018屆高三上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語考試試題-講解稿questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.a.purple.b.black.c.natural.d.gray.18.a.becausesheisafraidtoappearinamagazine.b.becauseshethinksdyeingha

8、irwilldoharmtohair.c.becauseshehopestobedifferentfromothers.d.becausesheisafraidtobepunishedbyherparents.19.a.havingitcutimmediately.b.lettingitbe.c.havingitdyedagain.d.dyeingitthemselves.20.a.dyeherhairrightaway.b.buysomecheapdye.c.keepherhairnatural.d.choosesomespecialproducts.ii.grammarandvocabul

9、arysectionatenyear-oldannemariejohansenliveswithherfamilyincopenhagen,denmark.therearesoldiersonthestreets,andthecountry(21)_(occupy)bythenazis.thereisntenoughtoeat,andtheworldisatwar.處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)thenthenazisdecidetorelocatethecountrysjewishpopulation.重新安置人口thedanesdontknow(22)_theirfriendsandneighborsare

10、beingtakenaway.theydontknowwheretheyaregoing,either.buttheydoknowthatitiswronganddangerousandthattheymusthelp.numberthestarsisaverypowerfulnovel.duringworldwarii,thenazis(23)_(kill)millionsofpeopleineurope.manyofthosepeoplewerejewish.butindenmark,almostallofthejewishpopulationwassaved.numberthestars

11、isaworkoffiction一部小說作品,butittellsthetruestoryofthejewish(24)_(rescue)duringthewar.themovingplotisdrivenbyjustice,dangerandexcitement.butthebookalsodealswithsignificantideasthataremuch(25)_(big)thanthestoryitself.annemariemustlearnthatevildoesntjustappearinfairytales.itsarealthingthataffectsrealpeopl

12、e.shemustalsostrugglewithquestionsofloyaltyandsacrifice忠誠和犧牲.whowouldshedietoprotect?andisshebraveenough(26)_(make)thatsacrifice捐軀犧牲?mostimportantly,annemarielearnsthat(27)_(be)bravedoesntmeanbeingfearless.itmeansdoingtherightthingdespitethefact(28)_youareafraid.thatsheavystuff沉重的東西forachildrensnove

13、l.ihavetaughtnumberthestarstomanyclassesatmanydifferentlevels.ithasalwaysbeenapopularchoice.itusessimplelanguageandsentences.itiseasytoreadandprovidesclearexamplesofliterarytechniqueslikeforeshadowing(預(yù)示).butitisalsointeresting,andthecharactersare(29)_(engage).theplotisfulloftension.角色引人入勝，情節(jié)緊張刺激。lo

14、islowry,theauthor,haswrittenmanyaward-winningnovelsforyoungpeople.numberthestarsisaremarkableexampleofthetalent(30)_hasmadehersocelebrated.selbretd使她如此出名21.isoccupied26.tomake22.why27.being23.killed28.that24.rescued29.engaging25.bigger30.that/whichsectionba.commonb.votingc.effortsd.electede.endf.pro

15、testingg.sayh.exercisedi.arguedj.equalk.rightsinmostdemocracies民主today,peopleexpectwomentovote.womenarejustasabletomakedecisionsabouttheir31leadersasmen.女性和男性一樣，能夠?qū)ψ约哼x出的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人做出決定。but200yearsago,mostpeopledidntthinkso.aslateasthemiddleofthe19thcenturyonlymenvotedinmostwesterncountries.afewcountriesorst

16、atesletwomenvoteinlocalelections.butwomenvotingwasfarfrom32.還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒有普及atthattime,peoplebelieved2/8上海市寶山區(qū)2018屆高三上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語考試試題-講解稿thatwomenbelongedinthehome.thatmeanttheyshouldnotgetinvolvedwithpubliclife.butwomenineurope,northamericaandnewzealandbegan33protestingthissituation.抗議這種情況theybelievedthatt

17、heyshouldhavea(n)34有發(fā)言權(quán)intheirgovernmentsleaders.in1792anenglishnovelistnamedmarywollstonecraft35thatwomenshouldbeabletovote.intheunitedstates,lucretiamottandelizabethcadystantonwereimportantfigures.theymetwhilecampaigningtoputa(n)36toslavery.他們在為結(jié)束奴隸制而進行的活動中相遇intheprocess,theydecidedthatwomenalsosh

18、ouldhavemore37.yetdespitethe38ofthesewomen，neithergreatbritainnortheunitedstateswasthefirstcountrytoletwomenvote.thathonorgoestonewzealand,whichchangedtheirlawonseptember19,1893.thiswasbecauseofwomenlikekateshepherd.sheledagroupthatpresentedpetitions（請愿書）totheirparliamentthreeyearsinarow.然而，盡管這些婦女作出

19、了努力，但英國和美國都不是第一個允許婦女投票的國家，這一榮譽歸于新西蘭，新西蘭于1893年9月19日修改了他們的法律。這是因為像凱特謝潑德這樣的女人。她領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個小組連續(xù)三年向議會提交請愿書。shepherdisnowhonoredonnewzealands$10bill.newzealandwasfollowedbyaustraliain1902andfinlandin1906.bythistime,someu.s.statesandterritoriesallowedwomentovote.butthecountryasawholedidntgivewomentherightuntilaf

20、terworldwari.inmanycountries,therighttoholdpoliticalofficecamealongwiththerighttovote.同時擁有擔(dān)任政治職務(wù)的權(quán)利與投票權(quán)。andwomenhave39thatright.行使權(quán)利inmanycountries,womenhaveevenheldtheircountryshighestoffice.allofthatisduetotheeffortsofthewomenwhofoughtfora(n)40voice.31.d32.a33.f34.g35.i36.e37.k38.c39.h40.jiii.read

21、ingcomprehensionsectionathesearchfornew,cleanenergysourceshasoccupiedtheattentionofscientistsandpoliticiansforyears.onecommon41forgreenenergyisthewind.anewtwistonthisoldresourcecouldcausetheenergyoutputofwind-powerplantstoincreasegreatly.對這一古老資源的新改造可能會使風(fēng)力發(fā)電廠的能源產(chǎn)量大幅增加。standardwind-powerplantsrelyonst

22、rongsupportand42canonlyreachaheightof200metersorso.higherthanthat,windstendtobestrongerandsteadier,butthechallengeis43howtoobtaintheenergyfromthosewinds.delftuniversityoftechnologyinthenetherlandsandkarlsruheuniversityofappliedsciencesingermanyhaveformedakite-powerresearchgroup.thegroupisworkingtode

23、velopkiteswithinflatable（可充氣的）wings44toelectricalgenerators(發(fā)電機)ontheground.theresearchgroupsgoalistodesignakitethatcanoperateonitsownfor24hours.researchhasbegun,butmanychallengesremain,includingmakingthegeneratorsmore45andperfectingtheautomaticflightcontrolandthestructureofthekites.研究已經(jīng)開始，但仍有許多挑戰(zhàn)，包

24、括使發(fā)電機更有效率，完善自動飛行控制和風(fēng)箏的結(jié)構(gòu)。neverthelessinjune2012,theydemonstratedthattheirkitescouldoperate46atanaltitudeofupto700meters.meanwhile,initaly,researchersareworkingona(n)47powergeneratorthatreliesonkiteswhenthegenerator以calledkitegen,sensesthewindblowing,kitesare48fromtheendsofpoleswithhigh-resistancecab

25、lestocontroltheirheightandangle.與此同時，在意大利，研究人員正在研制一種類似的發(fā)電機組，這種發(fā)電機組依靠風(fēng)箏發(fā)電。當(dāng)一種叫做kitegen的發(fā)電機感應(yīng)到風(fēng)時，風(fēng)箏會從帶有高電阻電纜的電線桿端部釋放出來，控制其高度和角度。thesecablesareabletomovethekitesifthesystemsensescomingobjects49planes,helicoptersorevenindividualbirds.thekitesthemselvesarelight,toughandabletoreachfairlyhighaltitudes.they

26、loop（繞行）aroundinthewind,whichsetsthecenterofthegeneratorinmotion,50electriccurrent.如果系統(tǒng)感覺到前來的物體如飛機，直升機，甚至個別的鳥類等時，這些電纜能夠使風(fēng)箏移動，風(fēng)箏本身很輕，很結(jié)實，能夠達到相當(dāng)高的高度。它們在風(fēng)中繞圈子，風(fēng)使發(fā)電機的中心運動，產(chǎn)生電流。kitegenhasthe51tobeverycost-effectiveinthelongrun.aftertheoriginalcostofdesigningandsettingup3/8上海市寶山區(qū)2018屆高三上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語考試試題-講

27、解稿theplant,little52investmentwillbenecessary,apartfromstandardmaintenance.theplantalsorequires53littlespace,whichmakesitidealforcitiesandmeansthatmultipleplantscanbesetuptoprovideevenmore54.kitepowerhasthepotentialtogreatly55oncurrentwind-powerstrategies.inthefuture,itmaybeanefficient,cost-effective

28、supplementtotheothersourcesofenergyweuse,orevenareplacementforsomeofthem.41.a.resolutionb.proposalc.resourced.substitute42.a.generallyb.frequentlyc.continuallyd.regularly43.a.carryingoutb.figuringoutc.breakingoutd.pickingout44.a.chosenb.appliedc.collectedd.connected45.a.efficientb.completec.powerful

29、d.positive46.a.activelyb.passivelyc.automaticallyd.artificially47.a.strangeb.similarc.differentd.original48.a.fastenedb.revealedc.tailoredd.released49.a.exceptforb.insteadofc.suchasd.dueto50.a.producingb.inventingc.promotingd.developing51.a.qualificationb.potentialc.trendd.intention52.a.normalb.form

30、alc.additionald.alternate53.a.concretelyb.abstractlyc.thoroughlyd.relatively54.a.energyb.strengthc.technologyd.opportunity55.a.focusb.extendc.improved.transfer4155cabdacbdcabcdacsectionb(a)manypeopleexperienceproblemswiththeirspine(脊椎)astheyage.thetissuethatprotectsthejointsinthespinegraduallybreaks

31、down.asaconsequence,thebonesinthespinebegintorubagainsteachother.thisfurtherharmsthetissueaswellasthebones.theresultispaininthejointsand,sometimes,innervesnearthespine.thispainfulproblemisactuallyadiseasecalledosteoporosis.somepeoplearemoreatriskofosteoporosisbecauseofgenesthattheyinheritedfromtheir

32、ancestors.extremelyheavypeoplearealsomorelikelytosufferfromthisdiseasebecausetheirextraweightputsmuchpressureontheirjoints.fortunately,therearestepsthatpeoplecantaketohelppreventosteoporosisfromdevelopingintheirspine.themostimportantstepisexercise.stretchescanhelpthemusclesaroundthespinerelaxandallo

33、wbonestoshiftintobetteralignment(排列).strengthexerciseswithlightweightsorbodyweightexerciseslikepushupscanalsohelpbystrengtheningthemusclesaroundthespine.however,peopleshouldnotoverdotheseexercises,asrepeatedmotionscanstrainthemusclesaroundthespine.tryingtoliftheavyweightswithpoortechniquecanhavethes

34、ameeffect.anotherimportantfactorisdiet.itaffectsthehealthofthespinebecausemanyvitaminsarenecessaryforbonesandnerves.theseincludebvitaminsandomega-3fattyacids,allofwhichhelpkeepnerveshealthy.peoplecangetmorebvitaminsandomega3fattyacidsbytakingsupplementssoldbystores.anotherimportantfactorisvitamind,w

35、hichisessentialforstrongbones.allofthesevitaminsandacidscanbeobtainedfromfoods.thus,peoplecanhelpthemselvesbyincludingthemintheirdailydiets.56.whatdoesthisarticlemainlyexplain?a.variousaspectsofamedicalconditionc.drugsoftenusedtosolvephysicalissues57.howdoesthewriterbeginthisarticle?a.bypredictingim

36、provementb.theactionsofvirusesthatcauseillnessesd.thelocationoforgansinthehumanbodyb.byanalyzingaseriesofdata4/8上海市寶山區(qū)2018屆高三上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語考試試題-講解稿c.byintroducingminorinjuriesd.bydescribingagradualprocess58.whatcanreadersfindinthisarticle?a.awarningaboutworkingouttoohardb.amethodforimprovingsleepqual

37、ityc.asloganusedtopromotehealthclassesd.abigcriticismoftenaimedatdoctors59.whatdoesthearticleimplyaboutsupplement?amultiplevitaminandmineralsupplement.一種復(fù)合維生素和礦物質(zhì)養(yǎng)生片劑。a.theyaremainlyforyoungsters.b.theyarecommercialproducts.c.theyarenowbeingresearched.d.theyareseldomtrulyeffective.(b)inlatemarchof20

38、18,atearintheearthabout15meterswideand20metersdeepsuddenlyappearedinkenya.itcutacrossroadsandevensplithousesintwo.thiscrackappearedoutofnowhereafterheavyrainsandanincreaseinseismic(地震的)activity.somescientistsbelievethatitsfurtherproofthatafricaisslowlysplittingapart.once,averylongtimeago,africaandso

39、uthamericawereonelandmassbeforetheyseparated.similarly,onedayintheverydistantfuture,alargepartofeastafricawillsplitofffromtherestofthecontinent.thiswillcreateanewlandmassandanewocean.thebreakupisaresultofplatetectonics(板塊運動),thegradualmotionofdifferentpartsoftheearthscrust.whenplatesoftheearthsepara

40、teandtearawayfromeachother,itiscalledrifting裂縫.theresultisariftvalley.scientistsdontunderstandtheexactmechanismbehindrifting,buttheresultsareeasytoobserveintheeastafricanriftsystem(ears).thatswhystudyingthispartoftheworldissoimportant.theeastafricanriftsystembeginsinthenorthinethiopia,wherethreeplat

41、esaremovingawayfromeachother.twoofthemarecontinentalplates,theafricanandarabianplates.theyaretectonicplatesthathavealargelandmassabovewater.thethirdisthesomaliplate,consideredaminorplate,whichissteadilymovingawayfromtheothertwo.butdontplanonvisitingthenewoceananytimesoon.theplatesaremovingatarateofa

42、bout6millimetersayear.atthatspeed,millionsofyearswillpassbeforeanewoceanisformed.東非大裂谷系統(tǒng)始于埃塞俄比亞北部，那里的三個板塊正在相互遠(yuǎn)離。其中兩個板塊是大陸板塊，非洲板塊和阿拉伯板塊。它們是構(gòu)造板塊，在水面上有大片陸地。第三個板塊是索馬里板塊，它被認(rèn)為是一個小板塊，正在穩(wěn)步遠(yuǎn)離另外兩個板塊。但近期內(nèi)新的海洋。這些板塊正以每年約6毫米的速度移動。以這樣的速度，數(shù)百萬年之后才會形成一個新的海洋。earsisnotallbadnewsforkenya.ariftvalleyiscomposedofanareawhe

43、rethereisincreasedvolcanicactivityandthinnedplanetarycrust.thismakesiteasiertotakeadvantageofthepowerofsteam.forkenya,thismightbeananswertothecountryselectricalproblems.thedroughtconditionsthatfrequentlyoccurtheremakeitdifficulttoproduceenergy.butthegeothermal(地?zé)岬?powerplantsgoingonlinein2019willall

44、owthemtoproducecleanenergywithverylittlewater.60.whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?a.awarwillcertainlybreakoutinafrica.b.adisasterwillsuddenlystrikeafrica.c.ageologicalstructurewillchangeinafrica.d.anewcountrywillcomeintobeinginafrica.61.whichofthefollowingplatesmightbesurroundedbywateraccordingtothe

45、passage?eastafrica.b.somaliplate.c.arabianplate.d.africaplate.62.whatproblemmaybesolvedinkenyathankstothecracking?poverty.b.economy.c.drought.d.energy.(c)5/8上海市寶山區(qū)2018屆高三上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語考試試題-講解稿areyouworriedaboutmoney?ifso,ihavesomegoodnewsforyou.someoneoncesaid,ifallyourproblemscanbesolvedwithmoney,th

46、enyoudonthaveany.igetthepoint.unlessyouareontheedgeoflosingeverythingandlivinginyourcar(whichisaverysadthingthathappenstopeopleeveryday),yourperceptionsofyourproblemsmaynotbeservingyouwell.你對問題的看法可能對你沒有好處。letstakealook.canyoupayyourlivingexpensesandsupportyourfamily?ifso,youareok.evenifyouareafamily

47、thatjustbarelybreakseveneverymonth,youhavetocountthatasablessing.即使你家?guī)缀趺總€月都收支相抵，你也要把它視為一種祝福。mostofusalsohavethoseterrible,surprisingunexpectedbills.butunlessyouloseyourjoboryourmind,dontyoualwaysfindawaytotakecareofthoseexpenses?pertinent（切中要害的）questionstoseeifyouworrytoomuchaboutfinances,askyoursel

48、facoupleofquestions.doyouwakeupworriedaboutmoney?doyoucheckyourbankbalanceandlookatupcomingbillsmorethanonceeveryfewdaysorevenmultipletimesaday?ifso,thenyoumayhavealittlefinancialinsecuritygoingon.letslookatgettingitundercontrol.ifitsmakingyoucrazy,itcanmakeyourfamilyalittlecrazytoo.thistypeofanxiousnessispassedontoothers,whichisimportanttorem