中考復(fù)習(xí)——定語從句專項(xiàng)

1、定語從句（一） 定語從句的概念：a beautiful girl形容詞做定語修飾 girli want to know the boy who is the tallest.句子做定語修飾 boy 定語從句：在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子， 叫定語從句。 先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。 關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。（二）定語從句的分類、限定性定語從句：從句不可少，沒有它，先行詞的意思不明確，主句也不完整。與先行詞之間 不用逗號。e.g:this is the book that/which i want.(了解)、非限定性定語從句：是對先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，沒有它不會(huì)影響先行詞或主句意

2、思的完整 性。 從句一般用逗號同主句分開。e.g:mr. green， who is watching tv，is my uncle.（三）(限定性)定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)mary is a girl who has long hair.先行詞 + 關(guān)系詞 （四） 定語從句關(guān)系詞的確定: 1、常用關(guān)系代詞用法+定語從句人物主語who, thatwhich, that賓語who(m), thatwhich, that定語whosewhose（1）who /that 作定語從句的主語或賓語.the man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker. 做

3、題思路：先分解分析對號入座分解the man is a worker.the man is speaking at the meeting. 作主語（2）whom /that 作定語從句的賓語the woman（ whom/that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.分解the woman is a teacher.they wanted to visit the woman.作賓語注意: 關(guān)系代詞作動(dòng)詞賓語時(shí)可省略.（3）whose 作定語從句的定語. i know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解i know t

4、he girl.the girls mother is a teacher. 作定語2、小結(jié)：關(guān)系詞判斷步驟 首先，要辨別出先行詞。如果先行詞是指人,關(guān)系詞可能就用 who, that whom, whose。 如果先行詞指物,關(guān)系詞可能用 which 或 that。 然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。鞏固練習(xí)：用適當(dāng)代關(guān)系詞填空1 i have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.2 yesterday emily was wearing the new dress _ i gave her.1 the man _ leg broke

5、in a match used to be a football player.（五）只能用 that,不能用 which 的情況：觀察下列句子：（1） here is something that i will tell you.（2） we havent got much that we can offer you.（3） this is the most interesting story that i have ever heard.（4） i can remember well the persons and some pictures that i see.（5） which is

6、 the bike that you lost?（6） who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?（7） is it the one that you want ?1、 先行詞為 all, everything，anything，nothing, something, nothing ,few, little, much, the one 等不定代 詞時(shí)；2、 先行詞被形容詞最高級所修飾或被 the only, the very, the last, any, few, little , no, all, one of等修 飾時(shí)：3、 先

7、行詞為數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞（含 last)修飾時(shí)。4、 先行詞是并列詞組既有人又有物時(shí)。5、 who, which 開頭的句子中為了避免重復(fù)?！炯磿r(shí)練習(xí)】1)-3)判斷對錯(cuò),4)-9)填上適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語，使句子更完整。1) whos the comrade who you just shook hands with?2) he talked about the teachers and schools which he had visited.3) he is the only man that i can find for the work.4) you must watch carefully ev

8、erything _the teacher does in class.5) this is one of the most exciting football games _ i have ever seen.6) the last place _ we visited in the countryside was a farm.7) _(one)english novel that i read was robinson crusoe.8) is there any question _ troubles you much?9）this is the book_your father bo

9、ught from new york.（六）只能使用 which 的情況1. 關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)；2. 先行詞本身是 that 時(shí)；3.非限定定語從句介詞提前逗隔離。e.g:（1）this is the classroom in which we studied for two year.（2）she has two dolls，which are from her parents【隨堂練習(xí)】單項(xiàng)選擇：（1）this is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday.a. that b. who c. whom d. this（2）the girl _ you s

10、aw in the street is mary.a. that b. whose c. which d. as（3） is this the biggest factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday?a. the one b. which c. who d.that（4）is this the factory a lot of students visited ?a. the one b. which c. who d.whom（5）the only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tong

11、ue.a. which b. that c. / d. it（6）the girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police.a. which b. in which c. that d. all（7）_ cleans the blackboard should be praised.a. that b. who c. the one who d. the students who【tips】當(dāng)關(guān)系詞作定語從句的主語時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)與先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。 若句中無先行詞，先補(bǔ)出先行詞再判斷用

12、法。（4,7 題）【提高練習(xí)】（1）there are lots of things _ i need to prepare before the trip.a. who b. that c. whom d. whose（2）jim dislikes people _talk much but never do anything.a.whom b.when c.whose d.who（3）i hear sam has gone to qiandiao for his holiday.-oh,how nice!do you know when he_?a.left b.was leaving c

13、.has left d.had left（4） we are trying to help those children _lost their parents in yushu , qinghai province. a. which b. when c. who d. whose（4） do you know the girl _is singing in the classroom?a.who b.which c.when（6）the volunteers are doing a great job in yushu.-yes.they are helping the people _a

14、re suffering from the earthquake.a.which b.what c./ d.who（7） have you found the answer to the question _i asked you this morning? a.when b.what c.that（8） friends are those_ make you smile，always open their hearts to you and encourage you to ucceed.a which b what c whom d who（9） i began to work in sh

15、anghai in the year _ hongkong was returned to china. a.that b.which c.where d.when（10） this is the school _ i studied three years ago.a. where b. when c. that d. which（11）what do you usually do in your leisure time?i enjoy reading in the library _ i lose myself in a world of good books.a. which b. that c. where（12）the village _i visited last year has changed a lot.-really?i hope to go there one day.a.that b.who c.when（13）this is my be