八年級英語下冊 Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came單元語法知識梳理人教新目標版

1、八年級英語下冊 unit 5 what were you doing when the rainstorm came單元語法知識梳理人教新目標版八年級英語下冊 unit 5 what were you doing when the rainstorm came單元語法知識梳理人教新目標版年級：姓名：3unit 5 what were you doing when the rainstorm came一、過去進行時態(tài)1.概念：過去進行時表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內正在進行的動作。這一特定的過去時間，除了有上下文暗示以外，一般帶有具體的過去時間，如：this time yesterday，at

2、 9：00 yesterday morning等；或以when，while 引導的時間狀語來表示。2.構成：過去進行時的基本結構為：主語 + was/were + v.ing + 其它成分。否定形式是在be后加not；一般疑問句是將be提前。下面以work為例，將其肯定式，否定式和疑問式及簡略答語表述如下肯定式與否定式：i/he/she/it was working. i/he/she/it was not working.we/you/they were working. we/you/they were not working.疑問式與簡略答語：was i working?yes，you

3、were./no，you were not.were you working?yes，i was./no，i was not.was he/she/it working?yes，he/she/it was./no，he/she/it was not.were you/we/they working?yes，we/you/they were./no，we/you/they were not. was not?？s寫為wasnt； were not?？s寫為werent。過去進行時與一般過去時的用法區(qū)別：過去進行時表示過去正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，強調動作的持續(xù)性，動作可能尚未完成；而一般過去時則多強調動

4、作的發(fā)生或已完成。例句：mary was writing a letter to her father last night.瑪麗昨晚一直在給她爸爸寫信。（強調寫信過程的延續(xù)性，但信不一定寫完了。）mary wrote a letter to her father last night.瑪麗昨晚給她父親寫了封信。（強調“寫信”這個動作，信已經寫完了。）二、when 和 while 用法小結when 和while 都可以作從屬連詞，引導時間狀語從句，都有“當?shù)臅r候”的意思。但用法有別：1.when 引導的時間狀語從句既可以指時間段，也可以指時間點，從句中謂語動詞既可以是延續(xù)性動詞，也可以是終止性

5、動詞；但while引導的時間狀語從句則一般指一段時間，含義是during the time，偏重于動作的過程，從句謂語動詞為表狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動詞。例句：it was raining when they arrived. 當他們到達時，正在下雨。（某一時間點）my wallet dropped on the ground when i was walking in the park.我在公園散步時，錢包掉在地上了。（一段時間）tom fell asleep while his math teacher was giving a lesson.湯姆在數(shù)學老師上課的時候睡著了。（接時間段）2.由when引導的時間狀語從句中，從句的動作和主句的動作可以同時發(fā)生，也可以一前一后先后發(fā)生；但while則強調主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生。所以，有時when可以代替while，而while則不能代替when。例句：when they heard the good news，they jumped with joy.當他們聽到這個消息時，高興得跳了起來。（while不能代替when）3.when后面通常接一般過去時的從句，而while后接進行時態(tài)的句子。例句：while the girl was s