動詞的ing形式作表語,定語,賓補和狀語

1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxx動詞的ing形式作表語,定語,賓補和狀語【精品文檔】動詞的ing形式作表語，定語，賓補和狀語一、動詞-ing形式作表語1. 表示主語的內(nèi)容 ,可以轉(zhuǎn)換到句首作主語Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job) 她的工作是盡量使報告廳保持干凈。2. 表示主語具有的特征、性質(zhì)和狀態(tài)(動詞ing 相當一個形容詞）The problem is quite puzzling. 這個問題很令

2、困惑。3.常用來作表語的現(xiàn)在分詞有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。全析提示：動詞-ing形式作表語時，其邏輯主語往往是句子中的主語，但用作表語的-ing形式也可帶有自己的邏輯主語。What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的邏輯主語是her)二、 動詞-in

3、g形式作定語1 單個的動詞-ing形式可以作前置定語，一般具有兩種含義。 說明被修飾名詞的用途和性能。a reading room= a room which is used for reading 閱覽室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method=a method for working 工作方法 表示所修飾的人或物的動作或狀態(tài)，在意思上接近一個定語從句，可以表示正在進行的動作，也可表示經(jīng)常性動作或當時的狀態(tài)。developing countries = countries that are developing發(fā)展中國家an or

4、dinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起來很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困擾人的問題2 作定語的動詞-ing形式如是一個短語，則應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面,做后置定語，相當于一個定語從句。They lived in a house facing south.(=which is facing south)他們住在一所朝南的房子里。Do you know the boy playing basket?（=Who is playing basket)你認識

5、在打籃球的那個小男孩嗎？The man visiting Japan (=the man who is visiting Japan ) is my uncle正在訪問日本的那個男人是我的叔叔。三、動詞-ing形式作賓補1、動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語常放在賓語后 面，表示一個正在進行的主動性的動作，強調(diào)一個過程或一種狀態(tài)。 When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house.2、當主句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動結(jié)構(gòu)時, 原來作賓語補足語 的動詞-ing形式便轉(zhuǎn)換為主語補足語。 They found the film ver

6、y exciting. = The film is found very exciting.3、能用-ing形式作賓語補足語的幾類動詞:1) 表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的感官動詞，（常見的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等）+ sb + doing sth（作賓補）I felt somebody standing behind me.2) 表示指使意義的動詞使役動詞，（常見的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等）+sb/ sth + doing sth (作賓補）We

7、 kept the fire burning all night long.我們讓火整夜燃燒著。I wont have you running about in the room.我不允許你在房間里跑來跑去。4、see, hear, feel, watch等動詞之后用-ing形式 和動詞不定式作賓語補足語的區(qū)別： We heard the telephone ring. We heard the telephone ringing.前者表示動作正在進行，后者表示（或強調(diào)）動作的全過程。四、動詞-ing形式作狀語動詞-ing形式可以作狀語，在句中表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式或伴隨情

8、況等。動詞-ing形式作時間、原因、條件、讓步狀語時多位于句首；作結(jié)果、伴隨情況狀語時常位于句末。1 表示時間，相當于一個時間狀語從句。 Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination.我們已經(jīng)作好了充分準備，現(xiàn)在可以應(yīng)考了。(= After we have made full preparations.)2 表示原因，相當于一個原因狀語從句。 Being ill, he didnt go to school yesterday.由于生病，他昨天沒有上學。(= Since he was ill.)3 表示結(jié)果，相當

9、于一個并列謂語。 His father died, leaving him a lot of money. = and left him a lot of money.他父親死了，留給他許多錢.4 表示條件，相當于一個條件狀語從句。 Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed.=If you work hard at your lessons.如果你努力學習，就一定能成功。5 表示讓步，相當于一個讓步狀語從句。 Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.= Although they k

10、new all this.盡管知道了一切情況，他們還是要我賠償損失。6 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補充說明，相當于一個并列結(jié)構(gòu)。 He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.= .and stared at the sky for a long time 他躺在草地上，長時間地望著天空。練習題1.Fill in the blanks with the correct form of verbs.1) _(clean) women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.2) All

11、of us watched the hunter _(bring) down the dangerous bear.3) When he woke up, he found himself _(lie) in hospital.4) Electricity lines were brought down by _ (fall) trees in the storm.5) The tall building_ (build) now will be a hospital.6) The man _ (wear) a sad look said, Ive lost my wallet.7) What

12、 is a water can used for?Its used to _ (water) flowers or something like that.8) There was a terrible noise_ (follow) the sudden burst of light.9) The missing boy was last seen_ (play) near the river.10) In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet _(point) at another person.形式作補語練與析從A、B、C、D四個選項

13、中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1. Though I have often heard this song _, I have never heard you _ it.A. being sung; sang B. sang; singing C. sung; sing D. to be sung; to sing2. It was so cold that they kept the fire _ all night.A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned3. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand

14、 into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be puttingC. to putD. putting4. Did you meet anyone _ at the party?No, in fact, I found the party rather _.A. interesting; boring B. interested; boringC. interesting; bored D. interested; bored5. The salesman scolded the girl caught _ and let her off.A. to have stolen B. to be stealingC. to steal D. stealing6. Dont leave the water_ while you brush your teeth.A. run B. running C. being run D. to run7. The