英語寫作專題辦公郵件第二節(jié)潘晉

1、How to write an E-mail in English?如何寫一篇地道的英文郵件？ I. How to express time properly? 如何正確的表示時間？ The use of passive voice. 被動語態(tài)的用法。 Some samples of business mail. 一些商務郵件示例。I. How to express time properly? 如何正確表示時間？ Week星期 星期一：Mon.=Monday 星期二：Tues.=Tuesday 星期三：Wed.=Wednesday 星期四： Thur.=Thursday 星期五：Fri.=F

2、riday 星期六：Sat.=Saturday 星期天：Sun.=Sunday I. How to express time properly? 如何正確表示時間？ Month月份 一月=Jan.=January 二月=Feb.=February 三月=Mar.=March 四月=Apr.=April 五月=May 六月=Jun.=June 七月=Jul.=July 八月=Aug.=August 九月=Sep.=September 十月=Oct.=October 十一月=Nov.=November 十二月=Dec.=DecemberI. How to express time properly

3、? 如何正確表示時間？ 鐘點的表達： 1.直接表達： A：基數(shù)詞+oclock 表示整點 e.g. ten oclock 十點 eight oclock 八點 B：基數(shù)詞按小時+分鐘 直接表達 e.g. Six forty 6:40 Eight twenty 8:20 I. How to express time properly? 如何正確表示時間？ 鐘點的表達： 2.間接表達： A:分鐘數(shù)少于30，用分鐘數(shù)+past表示： e.g. Twenty past four 4:20 ten past one 1:10 B: 分鐘數(shù)大于30，60-分鐘數(shù)+to表示： e.g. twenty-fiv

4、e to nine 8:35 ten to twelve 11:50 I. How to express time properly? 如何正確表示時間？ 關(guān)于時間的特殊表達： 1. 半點 half 一刻 quarter 2. 若表示的是上午，可用 a.m.表示 下午，可用p.m.表示 3. 若表示的時間不夠準確，用介詞about表示 I. How to express time properly? 如何正確表示時間？ 表示時間的介詞 1 at表示“在某一時刻，某一時點”。如： at 6:00 at daybreak在黎明；at noon在中午；at night在夜間；at Christmas

5、在圣誕節(jié)期間；at the age of five在五歲時。 on表示“具體日期,還有星期”。如on May first on Sunday2 in表示“在某世紀、年、季度、月、周”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。如：in the 20th century在20世紀；in 1999在1999年；in winter在冬季；in September在九月；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上。I. How to express time properly? 如何正確表示時間？ 關(guān)于時間的短語： (1)In time for及時到做“If you go no

6、w, you will be in time for the meeting. (2)On time:準時的“Dont go to the examination late. Make sure you are on time.” (3)Pressed for time：時間不足“I must hurry up, I am pressed for time at the moment.” (4)Buy time：爭取時間“There are ten seconds left, but Jordan carried the ball steadily to buy time instead of

7、 passing it out” I. How to express time properly? 如何正確表示時間？ 關(guān)于時間的短語： (5)From time to time：偶爾“They visited us from time to time, but we have never been to their house.” (6)In the nick of time：及時“All the passengers got on board in the nick of time.” (7)In no time：很快地“The police caught a thief and sent

8、 him to prison in no time. (8)Kill time：消磨時間“While waiting for my turn to do something, I often read something to kill time.”I. How to express time properly? 如何正確表示時間？關(guān)于時間的短語： (9)Time alone will tell：時間可以證明一切“No one is certain if it is wise to emigrate to the West; time alone will tell.”(10)Times up

9、：時間到了“Times up. Stop writing and hand in your answer books now.”(11)At the best of times：當情況最佳時“Samuels Mandarin is not good at the best of times, not to mention when he has to speak if impromptu.”(12)At times：有時“l(fā)ife as a spinster or bachelor is care-free, but the problem is that he or she may feel

10、 lonely at times” I. How to express time properly? 如何正確表示時間？ 關(guān)于時間的短語： (13)Behind the times：過時的“Maggies dressing style is a bit behind the times. She should try to keep up with the times by wearing fashionable dresses.”(14)Move / keep up with the times：趕上時代“Some peoples mode of thinking is outdated.

11、They should try to move with the times so as to better fit in the present society.”(15)The time is ripe for的時機成熟了“The political leaders of the two countries have communicated with each other. Time is therefore ripe for closer cooperation.”(16)With time to spare：比預期時間早“As there was no traffic congest

12、ion, we reached the destination with time to spare”II. The Use of Passive Voice被動語態(tài)的用法 The Passive Voice被動語態(tài) 概念：主語動作承受者 結(jié)構(gòu)：be+過去分詞（PS：be 有時態(tài)，人稱和數(shù)的變化） 例句： 1. The Great Wall is known all over the world. 長城世界聞名。 2. The city was liberated in 1948. 這個城市1948年建成。II. The Use of Passive Voice被動語態(tài)的用法 例句 3. th

13、e matter will be discussed tomorrow. 這件事我們明天來討論。 4. The problem is being solved at present. 問題正在解決中。 5.The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital. 當父母趕到醫(yī)院時，孩子已經(jīng)在做手術(shù)了。II. The Use of Passive Voice被動語態(tài)的用法 例句 6. The bridge has been built this month. 橋正在建。 7. The tickets had b

14、een sold out before I came to the cinema. 我到電影院的時候票已經(jīng)賣完了。 8. He said the book would be returned as soon as he finished it. 他說（書）他一看完就還。II. The Use of Passive Voice被動語態(tài)的用法 特例：有些不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態(tài)。 Verb： appear, die disappear, end (vi. 結(jié)束), fall, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand Phrase： brea

15、k out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, take place.II. The Use of Passive Voice被動語態(tài)的用法 比較：rise, fall, happen是不及物動詞；raise, seat是及物動詞 1.(錯) The price has been risen.(對) The price has risen.2.(錯) The accident was happened last week.(對) The accident happened last week.3.(錯) The price has raised.(對)

16、 The price has been raised. 4. (錯) Please seat. (對) Please be seated.II. The Use of Passive Voice被動語態(tài)的用法 “be+過去分詞”并不一定都是被動語態(tài)，有時是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。be是連系動詞。be后面的過去分詞是表語，相當于形容詞。其區(qū)分辦法如下： 1如果強調(diào)動作或句中有介詞by引導出動作的執(zhí)行者，該句一般為被動語態(tài)，否則為系表結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:The glass is broke 玻璃杯碎了。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）The glass was broken by the boy玻璃杯被那男孩打碎了。（被動語態(tài)）2如果句中

17、有地點、頻率或時間狀語時，一般為被動語態(tài)。如：II. The Use of Passive Voice被動語態(tài)的用法 The door is locked 門鎖著。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）The shop is opened這家商店開門了。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）The shop is opened at 8 a.m. everyday這家商店每天上午八點開門。（被動語態(tài)）3.被動語態(tài)除用于一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài)外，還可以用于其他各種時態(tài)，而系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的系動詞be只有一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài)。所以下列句子都是被動語態(tài)：The machine is being repaired 機器正在修。A new school will b

18、e built here 這里將要建一所新學校。 Practice now！ 1. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 2. That play _(put) on again sometime next month. 3. The old man is ill. He _ (must send) to the hospital. 4. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ (sell) in this shop. 5. What _ a knife _ (make) of

19、? III. Samples of Mails郵件示例感謝信： Dear Mr. Seaton， Thank you very much for taking me with you on that splendid outing to London. It was the first time that I had seen the Tower or any of the other famous sights. If Id gone alone, I couldnt have seen nearly as much, because I wouldnt have known my way

20、about. The weather was splendid on that day, which I thought was rare. I still remember some people told me that in Britain there was bad weather and no climate. During the same day, it might snow in the morning, rain at noon, shine in the afternoon and be windy before the night falls. So I think I

21、was lucky. I think the river trip was the best thing of all. London really came alive for me as we saw it from the Thames during that wonderful journey down to Greenwich. It was all tremendously excitinga day that I shall never forget. Thank you for giving me such a great birthday treat. Yours since

22、rely, Linda Chen III. Samples of Mails郵件示例建議信：Dear Mary, Thanks for your last letter. Im so glad that you have been able to arrange a holiday in Australia. As I fear I wont be able to meet you at the airport when you arrive, nor will I be able to be home until later in the afternoon, so here are som

23、e instructions and suggestions. There is a bus from the airport to the city. It is much cheaper than a cab. Take the bus to the city and ask to get off at Town Hall railway station. To get to my place in the eastern suburbs you have three options. You can either take a cab, a bus or the train. I sug

24、gest you take the train, since the airport bus will leave you right at the station. Presumably you will be tired and want to sleep. But if you feel like some exercise after that long flight, you could stroll down to Cooper Park. you can see it from the window. Cheers and looking forward to seeing yo

25、u. Yours sincerely, Annie III. Samples of Mails郵件示例申請信：Dear Sir, I noticed an ad.(廣告） In the paper today you said you were looking for people to join your expedition team. It sounded as if it might be fun so Im writing to say Id like to come along. About myself: I left school at 16 because I wanted

26、to earn a bit of money. After that I got a few part-time jobs as a waiter, etc. But I didnt stick to any of them for long. Recently Ive been doing a bit of hitch-hiking round Europe so Ive had some experience of traveling the hard way which should come in handy on the expedition youre planning. By the way, Im a great guitarist so I can keep you all amused round the campfire at night. Let me know when I can call in for a chat about dates and other details, etc. Yours, David Smith III. Samples of Mails郵件示例邀請函Dear Mr. Wang, I am pleased