（推薦）初一英語補(bǔ)習(xí)資料

1、二 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Can 1 can作“能、會(huì)”解，否定式是cannot，縮寫為cant。 “can+動(dòng)詞原形” “cant+動(dòng)詞原形” ：表示某人能做或不能做某事Can 是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。Can 表示的”能力”為現(xiàn)在的能力，而不是過去或?qū)淼哪芰Α?). for ability表示能力。例如： Can you write in English? Yes, I can. I can run fast,can you? 2). indicating acquired knowledge or skill表示獲得的知識(shí)或技能。例如： Can she speak Japanese? No,

2、she cant.她會(huì)說日語嗎？不，她不會(huì)。 3). indicating permission表示許可。例如： Can I read your newspaper?我能看看你的報(bào)紙嗎？ Can I take you home?我送你回家行嗎？ We cant wear jeans at work.我們上班時(shí)不準(zhǔn)穿牛仔褲。 4). indicating requests表示要求。例如： Can you help me with this box?你能幫我弄這個(gè)箱子嗎？ Can you feed the cat?你喂喂貓好嗎？ 5). indicating possibly表示可能性。例如： T

3、hat cant be Maryshes in hospital.那不可能是瑪麗她住院了。 He cant have slept through all that noise.那么吵他不可能睡得著覺。 Theres someone outsidewho can it be?外面有人會(huì)是誰呢？ 6). used to make suggestions用以提出建議。例如： We can eat in a restaurant, if you like.你愿意的話，咱們可以在飯館吃飯。 I can take the car if necessary.必要時(shí)我可以開車去。三 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Would 1 W

4、ould是will的過去式，可用于各人稱，表示過去時(shí)間的意志、愿望和 決心等。如：I told peter that I would go along wit him.我告訴彼得我要跟他一塊去。2 would用來表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間時(shí)時(shí)，不論是表達(dá)說話人本身的意志或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求，均較will婉轉(zhuǎn)。如：Would you like to have a glass of wine? 你要喝杯酒嗎?Would you please tell me the way to the nearest bus-stop? 注在日常會(huì)話中，I would like to和I should like to都可以說，I

5、would like的簡略式為Id like。如：yes, Id like to. Yes, Id love to Yes, very much. Sorry, ai already have an appointment. 3 Would還可以表示過去習(xí)慣發(fā)生的動(dòng)作I found that retired persons would often go to the park to play chess.我發(fā)現(xiàn)退休的人經(jīng)常到公園里下棋。When he had a problem to solve，he would work at it until he found an answer.當(dāng)他有個(gè)

6、問題要解決時(shí)，他總是想辦法一直到找到答案為止。練習(xí)：1 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I_A_.A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. may not2 The children_ play football on the road.A. cant B. can C. mustnt D. must3 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday?A. Here you are B. Sorry, I cant C. Yes, please D. Let me try4 Excuse

7、 me. _ you please pass me that cup?A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must5 _ you like to have another try?A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do6 -Would you like to go boating with us? -Yes, _.A. Id like B. I want C. Id like to D. I do練習(xí)：五 “have got”六 序數(shù)詞七 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：1) 它表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。e.g. I go to school on

8、 foot. He is very busy now. 2)表示主語的特征、性格、能力、愛好等。e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV. 3)表示客觀真理，表示格言或警句中e.g. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth. 一 其結(jié)構(gòu)按正常語序，即“主語+謂語+其它”，有時(shí)為了起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，時(shí)間狀語也可提前.二 其句式變化可分為兩種情況 1)表示動(dòng)作， 一般人稱作主語的，變否定句須在動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞dont；變一般疑問句須在句首加助動(dòng)詞do。 They

9、have lunch at 12:00. They dont have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00?2）單三人稱做主語的，變否定句須在動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞doesnt；變一般疑問句須在句首加助動(dòng)詞does。Jenny speaks English very well. Jenny doesnt speak English very well. Does Jenny speak English very well? 含有be動(dòng)詞的要在be上做變化. E.g. Danny is a good student. Danny isnt a good

10、 student. Is Danny a good student?三 其時(shí)間狀語為often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等頻率副詞，on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等。 做題時(shí)常見錯(cuò)誤如下：一、be動(dòng)詞與行為動(dòng)詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句子中例：We are plant (plant) the trees in spring.解析：學(xué)生往往會(huì)用漢語的思維方式去翻譯，就成了“我們是在春天植樹”。這是學(xué)習(xí)英語最忌諱的，要看語法是不是正確，在英語中，be是表狀態(tài)，do是表動(dòng)作，兩種動(dòng)詞不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在

11、句子中，可記住如下口訣：“英漢語言有差異，be 、do不能放一起，仔細(xì)琢磨細(xì)分析，語法千萬要牢記?！倍?、單三人稱形式易出錯(cuò)例：1 He plaies (play) football very well.2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10. 答案：1 plays 2 goes 解析：1以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變單三人稱形式才能把y換成i再加es；2與名詞變復(fù)數(shù)不同，變單三人稱形式以o結(jié)尾的詞要加es.三、在句式變換時(shí)易出錯(cuò)例：1 Does Jenny has (has) a good friend?2 Brian doesnt lives (not live)

12、in China. 答案：1 Does have 2 doesnt live 解析：單三人稱做主語的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)做句式變化時(shí)，可記住如下口訣：“見助動(dòng)，用原形”。此口訣也可推廣用于一般過去時(shí)態(tài)中。e.g. He didnt go home yesterday.四、對(duì)do的理解易出錯(cuò)例：We dont (not do) our homework in the afternoon. 答案：dont do解析：do是一個(gè)比較難理解的詞，它有三個(gè)含義: a)是所有行為動(dòng)詞的總稱；b)是助動(dòng)詞，無實(shí)義；c)是一個(gè)具體的行為動(dòng)詞“做，干”。此句中給出的do指“做，干”，not指把此句變?yōu)榉穸ň洌薯氃赿o前

13、加助動(dòng)詞dont。五、對(duì)主語的數(shù)判斷有誤例： Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing. 答案: is 解析:表面一看是“我和李明兩個(gè)人在北京”，但with在此做伴隨狀語，不能做主語，故用is.另外，賓語從句中，從句部分若是表示客觀真理，不管主句是何時(shí)態(tài)，從句都要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，主句表將來，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。練習(xí)：1 Jenny _ in an office. Her parents _in a hospital.A work works B works work C work are working D is working work2

14、One of the boys_ a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has3 We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow.A dont rain Bdidnt rain Cdoesnt rain Disnt rain 4 He said the sun _in the east and _in the west.A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets5 Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music.A like; lis

15、ten B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen6 Jenny_ English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied答案：1 B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6B1 I can take Li Ming there when he _ ( come) to visit.2 _your sister_(know)English?3Her home_ _ _(遠(yuǎn)離 )her school.4The pot_(not look) like yours very

16、much.5 Where _you_(have)lunch every day?6 Who_(想要 )to go swimming?7 _she_(do) the housework every day?8 Jenny and Danny usually_(play) games in the afternoon .答案：1 comes 2 Does know 3 is away from 4 doesnt look 5 do have 6 wants 7 does do 8 play 補(bǔ)充知識(shí)點(diǎn)：一this，that和it用法(1)this和that是指示代詞，it是人稱代詞。(2)距離說話

17、人近的人或物用this, 距離說話人遠(yuǎn)的人或物用that。如：This is a flower. 這是一朵花。(近處)That is a tree. 那是一棵樹。(遠(yuǎn)處)(3)放在一起的兩樣?xùn)|西，先說this, 后說that。如：This is a pen. That is a pencil. 這是一支鋼筆。那是一支鉛筆。(4)向別人介紹某人時(shí)說This is, 不說That is。如：This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 這是海倫，海倫，這是湯姆。(5)This is 不能縮寫, 而That is可以縮寫。如：This is a bike. Thats a c

18、ar. 這是一輛自行車。那是一輛轎車。(6)打電話時(shí)，介紹自己用this, 詢問對(duì)方用that。如：Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂，是格林小姐嗎？Yes, this is. Whos that? 是的，我是，你是誰？注意：雖然漢語中使用“我”和“你”，但英語中打電話時(shí)絕不可以說：I am, Are you？/Who are you?(7)在回答this或that作主語的疑問句時(shí), 要用it代替this或that。如：Is this a notebook? 這是筆記本嗎？ Yes, it is. 是的，它是。Whats that? 那是什么？ Its a kite. 是

19、只風(fēng)箏。 二 these和those用法this, that, these和those是指示代詞，these是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式,指時(shí)間,距離較近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的復(fù)數(shù)形式,指時(shí)間、距離較遠(yuǎn)或前面已經(jīng)提到過的人或事物。This is my bed. That is Lilys bed. 這是我的床。那是莉莉的床。These pictures are good. 那些畫很好。 Are those apple trees? 那些是蘋果樹嗎？在回答主語是these或those的疑問句時(shí)，通常用they代替these或those以避免重復(fù)。Are these/those y

20、our apples? 這些(那些)是你的蘋果嗎？Yes, they are. 是的，他們是。 三不定冠詞a和ana和an都是不定冠詞，表示一(個(gè)，支，本，塊)的意思，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量概念，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)類別，用來限定名詞。a用在輔音素開頭的單數(shù)名詞前，如：a pencil(一支鉛筆)，a book(一本書)；an用在元音音素開頭的名詞前，如an eraser(一塊橡皮)。如果名詞前有修飾語，用a還是用an，則以該修飾語的第一音素決定用a還是用an。如：a clock 一座鐘 an old clock 一座舊鐘 a book 一本書 an English book 一本英語書a nice apple 一

21、個(gè)可愛的蘋果 an apple 一個(gè)蘋果 五like一詞的用法like用作及物動(dòng)詞，譯為“喜歡”。(1)后接名詞或代詞，表示喜歡某人或某物。如：I like the baby very much. 我非常喜歡這個(gè)小孩。(2)后接動(dòng)名詞(v. -ing)，表示“喜歡做某事”，著重于習(xí)慣、愛好。如：Tom likes playing football. 湯姆喜歡踢足球。(3)后接動(dòng)詞不定式(to do )，表示“偶爾地喜歡做某事”，著重于某次具體的行為。如：I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜歡讀書，但我今晚想看電視。 六句

22、子單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)，注意以下五要素(1)主格人稱代詞要變成相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)主格人稱代詞,即Iwe, youyou，she,he,it they。She is a girl. They are girls.(2)am，is要變?yōu)閍re。如：Im a student. We are students.(3)不定冠詞a，an要去掉。如：He is a boy. They are boys.(4)普通單數(shù)名詞要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。如：It is an apple. They are apples.(5)指示代詞this，that要變?yōu)閠hese，those。如：This is a box. These are boxe

23、s. 七英語日期的表示法英語中月份和星期名稱都是專有名詞，它們的首字母必須大寫，并且前面無需用冠詞。用英語表示日期，其順序?yàn)樵?日+年，日和年之間需用逗號(hào)隔開。如：August 2nd，2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年來表示。如：10th May，2003(2003年5月10日)英語日期前介詞的使用：若指在哪一年或哪一月，則用介詞in，若具體到某一天，則需用介詞on。She was born in 1989 She was born in August. She was born in August 1989. She was born on 2nd August, 1989

24、. 八 時(shí)間的表達(dá)法(1) 直讀式，即直接讀出時(shí)間數(shù)字7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen(2) 過、差式，即幾點(diǎn)差幾分，幾點(diǎn)過幾分。（以30分為分界線）1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five(3)12小時(shí)制6:00 a.m. 上午6點(diǎn) 8:20 p.m. 下午8點(diǎn)20分(4)24小時(shí)制13:00 13點(diǎn)鐘 22:15 22點(diǎn)15分(5)15分可用quarter4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six(6)時(shí)間前通常用at.at 5 oclock at 7:30 p.m. 九 關(guān)于時(shí)間的問法(1)以when提問,“什么時(shí)候”可以是較長的時(shí)間段，也可以是較短的時(shí)間點(diǎn)When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么時(shí)候？ My birthday is Dec. 29th. 我的生日是12月29日。這里就是指一天的時(shí)間段Whe