高三英語虛擬語氣

1、虛擬語氣分三種情況來掌握：虛擬語氣分三種情況來掌握：1.1.虛擬條件句虛擬條件句2.2.名詞性從句的虛擬語氣名詞性從句的虛擬語氣3. 3. 虛擬語氣的其他用法虛擬語氣的其他用法。I would travel around the world.If I _busy last night, I _ to see the film with you .had not beenwould have goneIfIf條件句條件句主句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反did(be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞用用were)would(或或could, should, might) do與過去事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反had done

2、would(或或could, should, might) have done與將來事實(shí)相反或與將來事實(shí)相反或可能相反可能相反did(were)should dowere to dowould(或或could, should, might) do一、虛擬條件句：一、虛擬條件句： 條件狀語從句是非真實(shí)情況時(shí)，要用虛擬語氣。條件狀語從句是非真實(shí)情況時(shí)，要用虛擬語氣。1.1.如果你早來如果你早來5 5分鐘，你就趕上這趟車了。分鐘，你就趕上這趟車了。If you _ here five minutes earlier，you _ the bus .2.2.如果我現(xiàn)在不忙，我就來幫你了。如果我現(xiàn)在不忙，

3、我就來幫你了。If I _ not busy, I _ you now.3.3.如果明天下雪了，我們怎么辦？如果明天下雪了，我們怎么辦？What _ we do if it _tomorrow?had gotwerewould helpshould were to snowWould have caught注意：在條件句中如果出現(xiàn)注意：在條件句中如果出現(xiàn)were, had, should可省去可省去if，將主語與這些詞倒裝，例，將主語與這些詞倒裝，例如：如：Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved.Were I to go

4、 to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home1) If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved.2) If I were to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.3) If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.1) If he _

5、drunk, he wouldnt have lost control of the car. A. wasnt B. werent C. hasnt been D. hadnt been2) I would have gone to the concert, if I _ time. A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had 4) _ I known it, I would have told you. A. Have B. If C. Had D. Having3) _ to tell us everything, we could t

6、ry to solve his problem. A. If he is B. Were he C. Had he D. Be he 5) _ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive. A. If he went B. Were he gone C. Should he have gone D. Had he gone 6) If we _ here ten minutes earlier, we _ the bus. A. arrived/would catch B. arrived/would have caught C. ha

7、d arrived/had caught D. had arrived/would have caught 7) If I _ more time, I would have gone with him. A. had B. had had C. have had D. would have 8) If he _ to the teacher attentively, he _ the answer to the problem now. A. had listened, would have known B. listened, would know C. listened, would h

8、ave known D. had listened, would know 9)_, I would take an umbrella with me. A. Had I been you B. I were you C. Were I you D. I had been you 10) If you were older, I _ you to go there yesterday. A. will allow B. should allow C. would have allowed D. had allowed 二、名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣：二、名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣：1. 1. 在表示命

9、令、建議、要求、驚嘆時(shí)的名詞性從句中在表示命令、建議、要求、驚嘆時(shí)的名詞性從句中需用虛擬語氣，基本句型：需用虛擬語氣，基本句型：主語主語(should(should）動(dòng)詞原形，如：）動(dòng)詞原形，如：1). We suggested that the meeting should be held. 2) The suggestion that the meeting should be held was rejected. 3) It was suggested that the meeting should be held.4) The suggestion is that the meetin

10、g should be held.5) It was required that the crops should be harvested at once. 6) That is their demand that their wages be increased.suggestsuggest等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用(should) + do, (should) + do, 這類動(dòng)詞的字頭記憶口訣為這類動(dòng)詞的字頭記憶口訣為: : I drop caps. I drop caps. 具體為具體為: :insist, demand, desire, req

11、uest(insist, demand, desire, request(請求請求), ), require, order, propose(require, order, propose(建議建議), ), command(command(命令命令), ask(), ask(要求要求), advise, prefer, ), advise, prefer, suggestsuggest注意注意:1) I insisted that John had done it. I insisted that John (should) do it.eg: Her expression suggeste

12、d that she was angry.insist1) 表示堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為表示堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為2）表示堅(jiān)持要求某人該）表示堅(jiān)持要求某人該真實(shí)語氣真實(shí)語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣2) I insisted that the earth moves round the sun.Suggest 表示暗示，說明的意思時(shí)用真實(shí)語氣表示暗示，說明的意思時(shí)用真實(shí)語氣He suggested that we (should) go to school at once.2. 在在Its strange/important/necessary/surprising that句式中句式中, that 從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用

13、(should) +do,如如:注意：在這種句子中不可用注意：在這種句子中不可用“would”、 “must” “could”等。等。eg: 1) Its strange that he (should) not come. 2) Its important that you (should) ask your parents for advice about your work. 1) The secretary suggested that they _ the men in at once. A. had brought B. should have brought C. brought

14、 D. bring 2) He demanded that the report _ immediately after the experiment was done. A.was written B. be written C. must be written D. would be written4) It is required that you _ at six. A. will arrive B. arrive C. arrived D. would arrive 5) He insisted that he _ me before. A. see B. should see C.

15、 had seen D. saw 三、虛擬語氣在一些特殊詞中的使用或含蓄條件三、虛擬語氣在一些特殊詞中的使用或含蓄條件句：句：1. wish1. wish后的賓語從句：后的賓語從句： 1)1)與現(xiàn)在愿望不一致與現(xiàn)在愿望不一致 主語過去時(shí)；主語過去時(shí)； 2)2)與過去愿望不一致與過去愿望不一致 主語主語hadhad過去分詞；過去分詞； 3)3)與未來愿望不一致與未來愿望不一致 主語主語wouldwould（could, could, should, mightshould, might）原形。）原形。eg: 1) I wish (that) I you. 2) I wish I the Whit

16、e House when I was in the States. 3) I wish I you tomorrow at the party.werehad visitedcould meet1) If only he ! 他要能來就好了他要能來就好了2) If only I the answer! 我要早知答案就好了。我要早知答案就好了。3) If only I knew the answer!3. as if（though）引導(dǎo)的從句）引導(dǎo)的從句eg: 1) She loves the children as if they hers. 2) Alan talked about Rome

17、 as if he there. 2. If only引起的感嘆句引起的感嘆句could comehad knownwerehad been4. would rather, 引導(dǎo)的句子也需使用虛引導(dǎo)的句子也需使用虛擬，表示過去的情況用過去完成時(shí)，表擬，表示過去的情況用過去完成時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)在與將來的情況用過去時(shí)，如：示現(xiàn)在與將來的情況用過去時(shí)，如：.eg: 1) Id rather you posted the letter right away. 2) Id rather you had returned the book yesterday. 3) Id rather you painted

18、the wall green next time.5. Its (high) time句型：當(dāng)句型：當(dāng)Its time后用后用that從句時(shí)應(yīng)該為：從句時(shí)應(yīng)該為： 主語主語should原形原形 主語過去時(shí)主語過去時(shí)eg: 1) Its time that you went to school. 2) Its time that you should go to school.6. without, but, but for, but that 引起的短語或句引起的短語或句子常暗含著含蓄條件。這時(shí)主句用虛擬子常暗含著含蓄條件。這時(shí)主句用虛擬1) Without you, I would neve

19、r know him.2) But for your cooperation, we wouldnt have done the work so well.要不是你的合作，我們不可能把工作做得這么出要不是你的合作，我們不可能把工作做得這么出色。色。3) But that she was afraid, she would have said no.要不是害怕，她會(huì)拒絕的。要不是害怕，她會(huì)拒絕的。eg: 1) I would be most glad to help you, but I am busy now. 2) I would have come to the party yesterd

20、ay, but I was working. 3) I am busy now, otherwise I would help you.7. 表示祝愿時(shí)表示祝愿時(shí), 用用May +主語主語 + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形, 如如: 1) May you succeed in your work!2) May you be happy!1)The boy acted _ he had never lived in Canada before. A. as though B. even if C. as D. since 2) I wish I _ able to tell him all about it

21、 last night. A. was B. were C. had been D. should be 3) He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 4) Without electricity human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 5) But for the party, he _ of hunger 30 years ago. A. would have died B. would die C. must have died D. must die 9) Id rather you _ right away. A. leav