中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 專題07 形容詞和副詞(語法專項(xiàng)突破+系統(tǒng)梳理+提升演練)(含解析) 人教新目標(biāo)版

1、語法專項(xiàng)突破專題七形容詞和副詞考點(diǎn)一形容詞、副語的句法功能形容詞和副詞都是起修飾作用的詞。它們各自的功能如下：詞類功能例句形容詞定語Han Mei is a beautiful girl.韓梅是一個(gè)美麗的女孩。表語The meal is very delicious.這頓飯很美味。賓語補(bǔ)足語We must keep the classroom clean.我們必須保持教室清潔。副詞狀語Bill gets up late on weekends.比爾在周末起得晚。后置定語Life here is rich and interesting.這里的生活既富裕又有趣。表語Class is over.放

2、學(xué)了?？键c(diǎn)二形容詞的排列順序不少學(xué)生對如何排列形容詞的詞序頗感困惑。在此，我們向同學(xué)們介紹一個(gè)簡易的記憶方法。請你記住“限觀形齡色國材”，如果這幾個(gè)字不好記，你就記“縣官行令謝國財(cái)”?？谠E說明例詞縣（限）代表限定詞，包括冠詞、指示代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格、數(shù)詞等。the，this，that，my，Toms，two官（觀）代表觀點(diǎn)的描述性形容詞。fine，beautiful，interesting行（形）代表表示大小、長短、高低及形狀的形容詞。small，tall，high，round令（齡）代表年齡、新舊的形容詞。young，old，new謝（色）代表顏色的形容詞。red，black

3、，white國代表國籍、地區(qū)、出處的形容詞（或名詞）。English，American財(cái)（材）代表中心名詞構(gòu)成材料的形容詞。wooden，stone，plasticThere is a fine old stone bridge near the village.村子附近有一座漂亮的古代石橋。I bought a cheap blue plastic pencil box yesterday.昨天我買了一個(gè)便宜的藍(lán)色塑料鉛筆盒。They have got such a round brown wooden table.他們有一張褐色的木制圓桌。考點(diǎn)三形容詞變副詞的方法1大多數(shù)形容詞在詞尾加ly

4、。carefulcarefully，quickquickly，brightbrightly2以“輔音字母y”結(jié)尾的形容詞，把y變成i，再加ly。easyeasily，happyhappily，luckyluckily3以“元音字母e”結(jié)尾的形容詞，去e再加ly。truetruly4以le結(jié)尾的形容詞，去e再加y。terribleterribly，simplesimply，possiblepossibly考點(diǎn)四形容詞、副詞的比較等級1形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的概念和構(gòu)成：英語中的形容詞和副詞常用三種形式來表達(dá)事物的等級差別，分別是原級、比較級和最高級。大部分形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級是在詞

5、尾加er/est或在詞前加more/most，屬于規(guī)則變化，但也有少數(shù)是不規(guī)則的變化。（1）規(guī)則變化情況構(gòu)成方式原級比較級最高級一般情況加er或estold舊的fast快的olderfasteroldestfastest以e結(jié)尾的詞加r或stlate晚的laterlatest以“輔音y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞變y為i，再加er或estearly早的happy高興的earlierhappierearliesthappiest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在其前面加more或mostuseful有用的carefully仔細(xì)地more usefulmore carefullymost useful most car

6、efully重讀閉音節(jié)的詞末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母先雙寫輔音字母，再加er或estbig大的hot熱的thin瘦的fat胖的biggerhotterthinnerfatterbiggesthottest thinnest fattest（2）不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestill/bad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfurtherfarthestfurthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest2.形容詞/副詞比較等級的基本用法級用法比較級A和B兩者相比較結(jié)構(gòu)例

7、句ABA謂語比較級thanBWho/Which謂語比較級，A or B？Tom is taller than Bill.湯姆比比爾高。Which do you like better，apples or pears?蘋果和梨你更喜歡哪一種？ABA謂語as形容詞/副詞原級asBTom runs as fast as Jim.湯姆跑得和吉姆一樣快。ABA（否定）謂語比較級thanBA（否定）謂語as/so原級asBA謂語less原級thanBAlice isnt older than Ann.艾麗斯不如安大。Bob isnt as tall as Nick.鮑勃不如尼克高。Ann is less

8、beautiful than Lucy.安不如露西漂亮。最高級表示三者或三者以上的比較，表示其中一個(gè)在某一方面超過其他幾個(gè)。后面用in或of短語來說明比較的范圍。Whobethe形容詞的最高級，A、B or C?Whichbethe形容詞的最高級，A、B or C?A謂語the形容詞/副詞的最高級表示范圍的短語（of/in.）Who is the tallest，Tom，Bill or Jim?湯姆、比爾、吉姆誰最高？Bob is the shortest in his class.鮑勃在他的班里最矮。3.形容詞和副詞比較級的特殊用法（1）比較級的特殊用法比較級and比較級“越來越”（“mor

9、e原級”構(gòu)成的比較級用more and more原級）China is becoming stronger and stronger.中國正變得越來越強(qiáng)大。the比較級.，the比較級.，“越，就越”The more we do for the people，the happier well be.我們?yōu)槿嗣褡龅迷蕉啵覀兙驮叫腋?。句中如果有“of the two”短語時(shí)，比較級前加the，表示兩個(gè)中的一個(gè)更/較Bill is the taller of the two boys.比爾是這兩個(gè)男孩中較高的那一個(gè)。（2）最高級的特殊用法.one ofthe形容詞的最高級復(fù)數(shù)名詞China is

10、one of the largest countries all over the world.中國是世界上最大的國家之一。.the序數(shù)詞形容詞的最高級The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黃河是中國第二長河。（3）比較級表示最高級含義.形容詞/副詞的比較級thanany other單數(shù)名詞Wang Fang studies better than any other student in her class.王芳比她班上的其他任何一個(gè)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)都好。形容詞/副詞的比較級thanthe other復(fù)數(shù)名詞Wang Fang s

11、tudies better than the other students in her class.王芳在她班中學(xué)習(xí)最好。4比較級、原級的修飾語（1）當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)比較的程度時(shí)，可以在形容詞或副詞的比較級前使用much，a little，even，still，a lot，far，any，no等。It is much hotter today than it was yesterday.今天比昨天熱得多。My apple is a little smaller than yours.我的蘋果比你的小點(diǎn)兒。Meimei does even worse than Lucy.梅梅做得甚至比露西更糟。（2）v

12、ery，quite，too，so常用來修飾原級，不能修飾比較級。湯姆比我高很多。（）Tom is very taller than me.（）Tom is much taller than me.1（湖南衡陽中考，31）The price of the sweater is very _.I cant afford it.AexpensiveBcheapChigh2（湖南郴州中考，30）The more careful you are，the _ mistakes you will make.Afew Bfewer Cfewest 3（ 湖南湘潭中考，22）I think Chinese is

13、 _ than any other subject.Aeasy Beasier Ceasiest 4（湖南岳陽中考，25）Wembley Stadium（溫布利大球場）is one of the _ soccer fields in the world.It will be the place for soccer matches during the Olympics next month.Afamous Bmore famous Cmost famous5（湖南衡陽中考，23）Lucy does homework _ than Tim.Acarefully Bmore careful Cm

14、ore carefully6（湖南懷化中考，23）Who runs _，Nick and Harry?Nick.Afast Bfaster Cfastest7（四川涼山中考，25）Mike always does his homework as _as the exams.Agood Bwell Cbetter8（湖北恩施中考，23）Farmers have become _ in our hometown in recent years.Amore and more richBricher and richerCmore rich and more rich9（福建泉州中考，32）Who g

15、ets up_ of you all in the dormitory，Tony?Jimmy does.Aearly Bearlier Cearliest10Our school is one of _ schools in Hunan.Agood Bbetter Cthe best11In China it is a custom to give kids lucky money_ during the Spring Festival.Afinally Bluckily Cespecially12Dont worry.He is_to look after little Betty.Acar

16、efully enoughBenough carefulCcareful enough13You must drive _ next time，or there may be another accident.Amore carefully Bcarefully Ccareful14Who did it better，Bill or Henry?I think Bill did just _ Henry.Aas well as Bas good as Cas better as15We should use_plastic bags to help the environment.Lets s

17、ay goodbye to them.Afewer Bmore Cless16Of the two Australian students，Masha is _ one.I think you can find her easily.Atallest Bthe taller Ctaller17Jack writes _ than he did before.Amuch carefullyBmore carefulCmuch more carefully18If you like the chicken，you may have as _ as you can.Amuch Bmany Cmore

18、19He didnt sing _ that night as he usually did.Aso well Bso better Cmore better20Which one of those two houses would you buy?I would buy the_one，because I have a big family.Alarger Blargest Csmaller21It is_ to teach a kid the way to solve a problem than tell him the solution directly.Ahelpful Bmore

19、helpful Cthe most helpful22How often do you go to a concert?_ever.Im not interested in that at all.AUsually BHardly CAlmost23I have _ to tell you.Maybe you will be _ in it.Ainteresting something；interestedBsomething interesting；interestingCsomething interesting；interested參考答案 專題七形容詞和副詞專題提升演練1C形容物品的價(jià)

20、格用高（high）低（low）。由“我買不起它?！笨芍@件毛衣的價(jià)格應(yīng)該是很高。2B“the比較級，the比較級”表示“越，就越”，故選B項(xiàng)。3B由than可知應(yīng)該用比較級。4C“one of the最高級復(fù)數(shù)名詞”表示“最的之一”。5C由than可知應(yīng)該用比較級，修飾謂語動詞does應(yīng)該用副詞，故選C項(xiàng)。6B由比較的范圍是兩者可知用比較級。7Bas.as中間跟原級，修飾does用副詞well，故選B項(xiàng)。8B“比較級and比較級”表示“越來越”。9C比較的范圍是all（三者或三者以上），故用最高級。10C“one of the最高級”意為“最之一”，故選C項(xiàng)。11Cfinally“最終地”；luckily“幸運(yùn)地”；especially“尤其是”。句意：在中國給孩子們壓歲錢，尤其是在春節(jié)期間，是一個(gè)習(xí)俗。故答案為C項(xiàng)。12C句意：別擔(dān)心。他照顧小貝蒂足夠細(xì)心。enough應(yīng)該放在所修飾的形容詞和副詞的后面，因此可以排除B項(xiàng)，再由空格前為be動詞，因此可以確定應(yīng)該用形容詞作表語。13A句意：下次開車你必須更認(rèn)真，否則可能還會出事故。drive是實(shí)義動詞因此用carefully進(jìn)行修飾，carefully的