新目標(biāo)英語八年級(jí)下復(fù)習(xí)提綱

1、 八年級(jí)（下）新目標(biāo)英語重點(diǎn)短語及句型總匯 Unit 1 Will people have robots?1. keep/feed a pet pig 養(yǎng)一頭寵物豬 keep 做動(dòng)詞表飼養(yǎng)，eg：keep fish 表保持：keep doing sth Keep out 做半系動(dòng)詞表保持：keep healthy2. fall in love with愛上 3. live alone單獨(dú)居住 feel lonely感到孤獨(dú)4. fly to飛到 5. hundreds of +復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)百/幾百，eg: hundreds of students數(shù)百的學(xué)生 hundred +復(fù)數(shù) 百，eg； two

2、 hundred students兩百學(xué)生 （類似還有thousand; million, billion）6. wake up醒來（wake sb. up表示 “喚醒某人” ） 7. get bored變得厭倦（get/become是連系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞如tired/angry/excited等） 8. be fun to watch 看起來有趣 have fun/trouble/difficult in doing sth 9. in the future在將來/在未來 10. study at home on computers在家通過電腦學(xué)習(xí) 11. agree with sb.同意某

3、人(的意見) agree to do sth:同意做sth I dont agree. = I disagree.我不同意 agree on something對(duì).取得 一致意見12. live on a space station 住在空間站13. live in an apartment住在公寓里 live on the twelfth floor住在12樓 14. live at NO.332,Shanghai Street住在上海路332號(hào)15. come true 變成現(xiàn)實(shí) 16. Are you kidding?你在騙我嗎 17. no more=not anymore不再（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)

4、作不再發(fā)生）eg: You neednt pay for school any more.你不再繳費(fèi)上學(xué)了。18. no longer=not any longer不再（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)不再發(fā)生）eg：You are not a child any longer.你不再是小孩子了。19. besides（除之外還，包括） except =but（除之外，不包括）20. over and over again 一次又一次 21.be in different shapes 形狀不同 22.twenty years from now 今后20年句型：1.such、so 句型：Such/so表“如此的”“這

5、樣的”，常用搭配為：such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞=so +形容詞+ a/an+單數(shù)名詞 such+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞I dont like such a bad boy like you.=I dont like so bad a boy like you.你是我知道的最壞的男孩子。Such/so常和表示結(jié)果的that從句搭配，表示“如此.以至于”由于such是形容詞，所以that從句前有一個(gè)受such修飾的名詞；而so 是副詞，用以修飾形容詞或副詞，因此that從句前一般不出現(xiàn)名詞。如It was such a hot day that we all had to stay

6、 at home.今天如此熱以至于大家都不得不呆在家里。The exam was so difficult that many students failed it.這次測(cè)試如此難以至于很多學(xué)生考試失敗了。另有so that,無such that.Eg: The exam was difficult so that many students failed it. 2.in ten years 10年后（in+時(shí)間段表多久之后，用于將來時(shí)，提問用How soon）Eg: I will live on a space station in 10 years.-提問：How soon will y

7、ou live on a space station?3.There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.這里將會(huì)有更少的樹，更多的建筑物和更少的污染。There will be:這里將有，是there be的將來時(shí)態(tài)，用法相同。更少：few-fewer（）；little-less更多：manymore(修飾可數(shù)名詞); much-more（修飾不可數(shù)名詞）4.一般將來時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 標(biāo)志詞：tomorrow; next短語；2.in+時(shí)間段 ；3.how soon；構(gòu)成;1

8、 will+v原型（最常用）（注：條件句中主句用will表將來，eg: Your teacher will be angry if you are late.如果你遲到了，老師會(huì)生氣。） 2.be+ving表將來 3.be going to+v原型：表有計(jì)劃或有跡象的將來eg: I am going to be a teacher. Its going to rain, because there are so many clouds over there. 那邊有很多云，要下雨了。Unit 2 短語：1. loud大聲 aloud 出聲的loudly 噪音大 2. out of style過

9、時(shí)的 in style 流行的3. call sb up=ring sb.up=call/ring/phone sb.給.打電話 4. fail the test=not pass the test考試不及格5. fail in (doing) sth在.上失敗,變?nèi)?. succeed in (doing) sth在.方面成功 7. a ticket to a ball game一張球賽的門票8. on the phone用電話 9. surprise sb.使某人吃驚（類似有：surprise/interest/please/amaze+某人） sb be surprised at sth

10、：sb對(duì)sth感到吃驚 to ones surprise 使某人吃驚的是. in surprise 驚奇地10. argue with sb = have an argument with sb.與某人爭(zhēng)吵 have a fight with sb.=fight with與某人打架11. drop off離去；散去；逐漸減少;死去 12. prepare for=get ready for 為做準(zhǔn)備13. fill up填補(bǔ)；裝滿 be full of=be filled with 裝滿14. return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb.把某物歸還給某人 1

11、5. get on /along well with與相處很好 16. as much as possible=as much as sb can 盡可能多17. be angry with 生的氣 18. on the one hand一方面on the other hand另一方面19. notuntil 直到才（謂語動(dòng)詞一般是非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞）20. the same age as=as old as 和- 年齡一樣 21. complain about (doing sth) 抱怨22. be under too much pressure 壓力太大 23. a mother of thre

12、e 三個(gè)孩子的媽媽 24. .comparewith 和-比較 compare A to B 把A比作B 25. besides 和exceptexcept 和besides都表示“除 之外”的意思。except意思是“除了 之外沒有 ”,排除后者；besides強(qiáng)調(diào)“除了之外還有”，包含后者。Eg: We all agreed except him.我們都同意, 只有他不同意。 We all agreed besides him.我們都同意, 他也同意。26. by oneself+on ones own  某人自己/獨(dú)自地句型：1. Why dont you talk to hi

13、m about it?=Why not talk to him about it?=You should/could talk to him about it.=What/How about talking to him about it.=Youd better talk to him about it.2. I find/feel/think it difficult to do.“我發(fā)現(xiàn)/感到/認(rèn)為做某事很難. ”在這個(gè)句子中it在充當(dāng)形式賓語。我們來回顧一下it作形式主語和形式賓語的用法。（1）It 作形式主語結(jié)構(gòu)： 形容詞 for It is + + + sb. to do sth.

14、真正主語名詞 of that 從句 （2）It 作形式賓語 形容詞Sb.find /think/believe /feel /make+ it + + for sb. to do sth.名 詞 that 從句 注意：it 作形式賓語時(shí)，it后系動(dòng)詞省略了，直接跟著形容詞、名詞或that從句。Unit 3 短語：1. get out of/get into出之外/進(jìn)入2. sleep late睡懶覺 sleep well 睡得好 get to sleep=fall asleep睡著3. walk down/along沿走 4. take off (飛機(jī))起飛；脫下（衣帽）5. at the t

15、rain station在火車站 6. run away跑開，逃跑7. in history在歷史 8. for example例如 9. in the city of在市10. on the playground在操場(chǎng)上 11. take place發(fā)生（強(qiáng)調(diào)必然性） sth happen to sb.發(fā)生（強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然性）sb happen to do sth: sb碰巧做sth12. of course=sure=certainly當(dāng)然 13. all over the world=around the world遍及全世界14. outside/inside the station在車站外

16、/內(nèi)15. be ill in hospital/bed生病住院/在床 16. hear about/of 聽說（間接聽到）17. in silence沉默不語 keep silent 保持沉默18. an unusual experience 一次不尋常的經(jīng)歷 （注;experience做經(jīng)歷可數(shù)，做經(jīng)驗(yàn)不可數(shù)）19. have meaning to 對(duì)有意義 mean to do sth打算做 mean doing sth意味著做sth 句型:1. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí);表過去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，時(shí)間狀語：at 9:00 yesterday, at this time last night

17、, from 4 to 9, when+過去時(shí)I was doing sth when+一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語從句.Eg: What were you doing when I arrived at 8:00 last night? 昨天晚上我8點(diǎn)鐘到的時(shí)候你正在做什么？When I got up this morning, my mother was preparing breakfast in the kitchen. 今天早上當(dāng)我起床時(shí)，媽媽正在廚房準(zhǔn)備早餐 2. when/while表當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候：when+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)/一般過去時(shí)，while+現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)/過去進(jìn)行時(shí)While my moth

18、er was cooking ,I was watching TV. 當(dāng)媽媽正在做飯時(shí)，我在看電視I will be a teacher when I grow up.(注：while還可表對(duì)比，譯成“while”eg；I like apples while he likes bananas.)Unit 4 1. first of all首先 2. most+n=most of the +n絕大多數(shù)eg: most sthudents=most of the students one+n=one of the +n一個(gè) eg: one student=one of the students3.

19、 pass on (to)傳遞 4. be supposed to do sth.=should do sth被期望或被要求做. .5. be mad/angry at 對(duì)瘋狂/生氣6. get over克服；恢復(fù)；原諒 7. open up 打開8. have a(surprise) party for sb.為某人舉行一次（驚喜）聚會(huì) 9. end-of-year exam=final exam 期末考試10. be get nervous 感到緊張 11. take leave a message 捎（留）個(gè)口信本單元目標(biāo)句型：直接引語和間接引語 詳情見書上(特別注意：1.賓語從句中疑問

20、句用陳述語序eg: He told us what we should do next.他告訴我們接下來應(yīng)該做什么。2.轉(zhuǎn)訴的內(nèi)容是客觀真理，從句任用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);eg； He said the earth turns around the sun.他說地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。)Unit 5 短語：1. half the class/students班一半學(xué)生2. get injured受傷 3. take away 運(yùn)走，取走 put away 收起來，放好4. all the time=always一直，始終 5. make a living (by doing sth)謀生6. in order

21、 to do sth為了做某事 7. go to college上大學(xué)8. be famous for 因而著稱 be famous as 作為而出名9. make money =earn money掙錢 10. in fact事實(shí)上 11. laugh at嘲笑12. work hard 努力工作 13. let . in允許進(jìn)入 14. make the bed 整理床鋪句型：If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句：（1）真實(shí)條件句：構(gòu)成：主句+will，+if一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)=祈使句+and/orunless也可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句: unless：除非 = if not，.We will have a mee

22、ting tomorrow if Mr. Gao doesnt leave for Shanghai.如果高先生明天不去上海，我們就開會(huì)。= We will have a meeting tomorrow unless Mr. Gao leaves for Shanghai.If you get up late, you will be late for class.如果起床晚了，你上課就會(huì)遲到。=Get up late, or you will be late.If you dont go to Shanghai, you cant find her.如果你不去上海就不能找到他。=Go to

23、 Shanghai, or you cant find her.=You cant find her unless you go to Shanghai.（2）虛擬條件句，表不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的假設(shè)構(gòu)成：主句+would，+if一般過去時(shí)(be動(dòng)詞只能用were)Eg: If I were you, I will study hard.如果我是你，我會(huì)努力學(xué)習(xí)。Unit 6短語：1. raise money for籌錢 2. sb run out of用盡 =sb use upsth ran put =sth be used uprun out和 run out of（1）run out 用完了，其主

24、語通常為時(shí)間、食物、金錢等名詞。His money soon ran out.他的錢很快就用完了。= His money was soon ran out.（2）run out of 用完了，表示主動(dòng)含義，主語一般是人。He always runs out of money before pay day.他總在發(fā)工資前就把錢用完了。= He always uses up money before pay day 3. by the way 順便說一下 on the way to. 在的路上 in the way擋道4. fly kites放風(fēng)箏 5. the capital of： 的省會(huì)6.

25、 in fact事實(shí)上7. Make a list of 列表8. three and a half years =three years and a half三年半9. a pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans 一雙滑冰鞋/一雙鞋/一副眼鏡/一條褲子/牛仔褲l How much is a pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?= How much does a pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans cost?l How much are the

26、 skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?= How much do the skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans cost?（價(jià)錢是一個(gè)數(shù)字）句型：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示從過去某時(shí)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還將繼續(xù)下去。結(jié)構(gòu)：have / has +been+ doing/1I have been writing the letter since then.從那時(shí)起我一直在寫這封信。（動(dòng)作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)）2I have been collecting stamps for ten years.自從10年前我就收集郵票了（動(dòng)作

27、從過去一直現(xiàn)在還在收集）。3How long have you been living here?你在這兒已經(jīng)住了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。（“居住”動(dòng)作從過去一直現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)Unit 7 1. in a minute/right away/at once 立刻,馬上 2. be late for school/class=arrive late for school 上學(xué)/上課遲到3. wait in line=stand in line排隊(duì)等候 cut in line=jump a queue插隊(duì) 4. allow sb. to do /not to do sth.允許某人做/不做某事 sb be al

28、lowed to do /not to do sth.某人不被允許某人做/不做某事5. in public 當(dāng)眾地；公開地；公然地 6. break the rule 不遵守規(guī)則 7. pick up撿起 8. put out熄滅 9. drop litter扔垃圾 10. do the dishes洗碗11. not at all=not in the slightest一點(diǎn)也不12. even if/though  盡管、即使   13. cant stand sth/doing sth不能忍受sth/做sth句型：1.mind (sbs) doin

29、g sth介意做sthEg: Would you mind cleaning the yard? 你介意打掃院子嗎?否定句;mind not doing sthEg:Would you mind not playing baseball here？.你介意不要在這打棒球嗎?2. Would you mind?肯定回答（不介意）：No, not at all/ No problem/Ok否定回答：sorry,18 Unit 8短語： 1. give away 贈(zèng)送；分發(fā) 2. rather than 寧愿而不是，勝于寧愿不愿做: would dorather than do= would rat

30、her dothan do=prefer to dorather than do=prefer doingrather than doing.3. make friends with 和交友4. an 8-year-old child 一個(gè)六歲的孩子（連字符號(hào)構(gòu)成形容詞）eg: He is a 2-year-old boy.= He is 2 years old.5. someone else 別人（else總是后置） 6. improve English 提高英語 7. in different ways 以不同的方式8. encourage sb to do鼓勵(lì)某人做 9. make(gr

31、eat) progress 取得進(jìn)步10. on my twelfth birthday在我12歲生日時(shí) 11. a pig namedcalled Connie一只名叫Commie的豬12. the winner of ; 的獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)叱Ｒ妱?dòng)詞不定式詞組、句型用法總結(jié)：希望做某事hope to do sth.決定做某事decide to do sth.同意做某事agree to do sth.需要某人做某事need to do sth.使用某物做某事use sth to do sth迫不及待做某事cant wait to do準(zhǔn)備做某事get/be ready to do盡力/努力做某事try

32、to do sth計(jì)劃做某事plan to do sth.不得不have to do 輪流做某事take ones turns to do sth.拒絕做某事refuse to do sth.告訴某人做某事tell sb. to do sth.請(qǐng)某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事want /would like sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth.教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.喜歡/想要某人做某事 like sb. to do sth.幫助某人做某

33、事help sb.（to）do sth encourage sb to do鼓勵(lì)某人做Its ones turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事 例句:It your turn to clean the blackboard.Its time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事時(shí)候了例句:Its time for me to go home.Its +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 對(duì)于某人來說做某事是（當(dāng)adj.是表示性格、品德的形容詞時(shí)用of） It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某時(shí)間 too+adj

34、./adv. to do sth. 太.而不能 find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth.發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為/感到做某事是序數(shù)詞+ to do 第.個(gè)做某事 例句:Who is the first to get there?誰第一個(gè)到這里/特殊疑問詞+to do=特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的疑問句eg: I didn't know what to do.=I dont know what I should/can do我不知怎么辦。 be+adj+ to do sth例句:I am very sorry to hear that.I am ready to help other

35、s.I am happy/pleased/glad to meet you.順口溜：本領(lǐng)最多不定式，主表定補(bǔ)賓和狀；樣樣成分都能干，只有謂語它不敢；大家千萬要小心，有時(shí)它把句型改；作主語時(shí)用it，自己在后把身藏；七個(gè)感官三使役，賓補(bǔ)要把to甩開；疑問詞后接上它，賓語從句可充當(dāng)；邏輯主語不定式，不定式前加for sb.；to前not是否定，各種用法區(qū)別開。以下是不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式(即動(dòng)詞原形)的常見用法 let sb. do sth讓某人做某事 make do sth使得某人做某事 hear do sth do sth聽見某人做某事 see do sth do sth看見某人做某事 why n

36、ot 或why dont you +動(dòng)詞原形？為什么不.?（表示建議）例:Why not/Why dont you take a walk? 某人+had better( not)do 某人最好(不)做某事 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may /must /should+ 動(dòng)詞原形（包括情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定形式+動(dòng)詞原形） 助動(dòng)詞do/does/did/will/would在構(gòu)成疑問句或者構(gòu)成否定句即dont /doesnt /didnt /will not /would not+ 動(dòng)詞原形 be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形（表示“即將”“打算” 做某事）Unit 9 1. take a ride 兜風(fēng) 2

37、. end up 結(jié)束 end up with以結(jié)束3. ，such as=, for example, 例如4. during the daytime 在白天5. an English-speaking country一個(gè)講英語的國家English-speaking 說英語的spoken English 英語口語Speaking skill 說話技巧6. the population of: 的人口是13億。（謂動(dòng)詞用單形式）句型：1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：（1）強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響，時(shí)間詞：already （“已經(jīng)”，用于肯定句中，放在have /has之后或句尾）； yet

38、 （“仍然”“還”，用于疑問句或否定句的句尾） just（“剛剛”，放在have /has之后）； before（“以前”，放在句尾）；ever（“曾經(jīng)”，放在have /has之后） never （“從沒有”，在have /has之后）recently近來in the past/last+段時(shí)間 在過去的幾年中once(一次)，twice,three(four) timeseg: Have you ever been to an amusement park?你曾經(jīng)去過游樂園嗎?Yes, I have./ No, I havent. Ive never been to an aquarium

39、. 我從沒去過水族館.（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)延續(xù)，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并將繼續(xù)下去（動(dòng)詞需是延續(xù)性的）。時(shí)間詞：since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)， for+時(shí)間段, how long（疑問句中用來提問since/for）Eg: I have studied English for 3 years=I have studied since 3 years ago.=I studied English 3 years ago. (注意：瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用,但是它們可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞.come/go/reach/arrive in/at/ get tobe in/at, leavebe away (from), borrowkeep, buyhave,joinbe in/be a member of,diebe dead, start/beginbe on, finish/endbe over, openbe open (adj.), closebe closed (adj.), Eg: I have been a student here for a year.我成為這的學(xué)生有一年了.