高二第四堂課資料名詞性從句Word版

1、名詞性從句在復(fù)合句中具有名詞的性質(zhì)的作主語、表語、同位語、賓語的從句叫名詞性從句。由一個(gè)含疑問意義的連詞引起時(shí)，必須將該連詞放在名詞性從句的開頭，且該從句語序不能倒裝。名詞性從句要采用陳述句語序。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致相同，它們分別是：連詞：that, whether, if；關(guān)系代詞：who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；關(guān)系副詞：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever。引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)一般不用逗號(hào)和主句分開

2、。詳細(xì)見下表：類 別詞 義在從句中的作用That (陳述句)無僅起連接作用，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分if和whether（一般疑問句）意為“是否”起連接作用，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分關(guān)系代詞who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever（特殊疑問句）有各自自身的意義起連接作用，并在從句中充當(dāng)主、表、賓、定語等關(guān)系副詞when,where,why,how, however, whenever, wherever有各自自身的意義起連接作用，并在從句中充當(dāng)狀語一、主語從句(subject clauses)

3、1、 從屬連詞that，whether引導(dǎo)的主語從句。從屬連詞that，whether在主語從句中的作用只是引導(dǎo)主語從句，它們在從句中不擔(dān)任成分，不能省略。That you dont like him is none of my business. Whether she will come or not is still a question. 2、 it作形式主語引導(dǎo)主語從句。如果主語從句太長，為避免句子結(jié)構(gòu)頭重腳輕，我們可用it作形式主語，而把主語從句放在主句謂語部分之后。That引導(dǎo)的主語從句可用it代替，that 不可省略。 用作it作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)： It is/was +形容詞+

4、that 從句 It was clear that It is/was +名詞+that 從句 It is a pity that It +不及物動(dòng)詞+that 從句 It seems that It is/was +過去分詞+that 從句Its said that 其他It doesnt matter that2、 由連接代詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句。（1） 連接代詞who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等，引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，它們分別在從句中擔(dān)任主語、賓語或定語，不能省略。Whoever leaves

5、the room last ought to turn off the lights.走得最晚的應(yīng)當(dāng)關(guān)燈。What you have done might do harm to other people. 你的行為可能傷害別人。（2）what引導(dǎo)主語從句“的東西/事情”時(shí)，這些關(guān)系詞在句子中充當(dāng)成分，所以不能省略。此類主語從句不能用形式主語it引導(dǎo)。What I need (=The thing which I need) is a mobile phone.我所需要的是一部移動(dòng)電話。Whoever leaves the office (=Any one who leaves the offi

6、ce)should tell me.無論是誰離開辦公室都應(yīng)該告訴我。3、連接副詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句。連接副詞有when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，它們在從句中擔(dān)任狀語，不能省略。此類主語從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換為以it作形式主語的句子。Why he didn't come here is not clear to anyone.他為什么沒來誰也不清楚。二、表語從句用作表語的從句叫作表語從句，它位于主句中的連系動(dòng)詞之后。連系動(dòng)詞由be, look, remain, seem等。1、由從屬連詞that，whether引導(dǎo)的表

7、語從句。 The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. 麻煩的事是他丟了錢。The question is whether we need more ice cream.問題是我們是否還需要一些冰淇淋。2、由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句。who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引導(dǎo)表語從句，在句中作主語、賓語、表語，關(guān)系代詞不能省略。The question is which of us should go.問題是我們哪一個(gè)應(yīng)該去。The problem

8、was who could do the work.問題是誰能做這項(xiàng)工作。2 / 63、由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句。Go and get your coat. It's where you left it. 去把雨衣拿來。就在你原來放的地方。三、賓語從句(object clauses)賓語從句可作謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語，也可以作介詞和非謂語動(dòng)詞（動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞）和某些形容詞的賓語。1、作動(dòng)詞賓語 （1）由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。I think (that) he'll be right in a few days. （2）由關(guān)系代詞what, who, whose, w

9、hich引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，在句中作成分，即主語、賓語、表語和定語，關(guān)系代詞在句中不能省略。 A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do Do you know whom they are waiting for? （3）關(guān)系副詞when，where，how，why等引導(dǎo)賓語從句。Please tell me when we shall discuss our plan. I don't know where we are going to have the meeting. （4）由從屬連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓

10、語從句。I wonder whether (if) daughters are valued as much as sons in the countryside. 我想知道在鄉(xiāng)下女兒是否和兒子一樣受到重視。I don't know whether (if) you are willing to help me. 我不知道你是否愿意幫我。注意：whether 和if的區(qū)別，請參考概述部分。2、作介詞賓語It depends on whether he is coming or not. 這要看他是否會(huì)來。3、 作形容詞賓語。that引導(dǎo)的從句在下列形容詞后面作賓語，that可以省略。A

11、nxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content, proud等。I am not certain whether I have met him before.我不能肯定從前是否見過他。I'm sorry (that) you're ill. 你病了，我很難過。4、it充當(dāng)形式賓語，真

12、正的賓語-賓語從句后置。正如我們常用it充當(dāng)形式主語代替主語從句一樣，我們也常用it用作形式賓語代替賓語從句，把真正的that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后置。特別是帶復(fù)合賓語的句子中。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中that不可省略。有下列幾種情況：（1）在believe, consider, declare, estimate, fancy, feel, find, guess, hear, imagine, know, make, prove, reckon, think, understand 等動(dòng)詞接復(fù)合賓語（賓語賓補(bǔ)）時(shí)，要用it作形式賓語。She thinks it wrong that he didn'

13、t answer the phone她認(rèn)為他不接電話是不對(duì)的。 四、同位語從句用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句。它一般跟在抽象名詞fact，idea，news，hope，belief，thought，truth，doubt，suggestion，warning, instruction，reason，information, question等之后，對(duì)這些名詞進(jìn)行說明或解釋。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞除連詞that，whether外，還有關(guān)系代詞what, which, who, 以及關(guān)系副詞how，when，where，why等。1、由從屬連詞that，whether引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。I didn

14、9;t receive the news that the meeting had been put off.我沒有聽到會(huì)議被推遲的消息。2、由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。You can have no idea what he said.你根本想不到他說了些什么。3、由關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。I have no idea when he will be back.我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來。課堂練習(xí)陳述句1.將下列陳述句變?yōu)橹髡Z從句 1.He likes playing football. 2.I dont go to the cinema.2.將下列陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從句 1.He went to

15、 Beijing last week 2.Mr. Wang read a lot of books in 20103.將下列陳述句變?yōu)楸碚Z從句1.My father goes to work by car.2.The students went camping last week.4. 將下列陳述句變?yōu)橥徽Z從句1.Our team had won2.He wont be able to see you this afternoon一般疑問句1.將下列一般疑問句變?yōu)橹髡Z從句。 1Are you from Canada?2.將下列一般疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句。 1. Can you speak Eng

16、lish?3.將下列一般疑問句變?yōu)楸碚Z從句。 1. Do you like these animals特殊疑問句1.將下列特殊疑問句變?yōu)橹髡Z從句。 1Who is from Canada2. How shall I do it? 我怎樣做呢？2.將下列特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句。 1. Who is from Canada 2. Will you help me? 3.將下列特殊疑問句變?yōu)楸碚Z從句。1. Who is from Canada1、It doesnt matter I rest or not Aif Bwhether Cthat Dwhen2、_I cant understand is

17、 he wants to change his mind.Athat, that Bwhich, what Cwhat, why Dwhat, that3、 I was free that day.AIt happened to BIt happened that CThat happened DIt was happened that4、He you are not going abroad.Asurprised that Bis surprised whether Cis surprised that D surprised at5、I wonder how much .Acost the

18、 coat Bdoes the coat cost Cthe coat costs Dthe coat is cost6、 I have will be yours sooner or later.ANo matter what BWhatever CWhether DThat7、 in the newspaper that the Japanese Minister will arrive in Beijing next Friday.AIt says BHe is said CIt has said DIt is said8、 we go swimming in that lake eve

19、ry day is not a secret.AIf, do BThat, do CIf, does DThat, does9、Is this we met them last night.？ Awhere Bplace Cplace in which Dplace which家庭作業(yè)陳述句1.將下列陳述句變?yōu)橹髡Z從句 1.He is an engineer. 2.They bought a new bike yesterday.2.將下列陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從句 1.He is a worker in our factory.2.They can afford such a car.3.將下列陳述

20、句變?yōu)楸碚Z從句1.All the tickets for the concert have been sold out4. 將下列陳述句變?yōu)橥徽Z從句1.He wont be able to see you this afternoon一般疑問句1.將下列一般疑問句變?yōu)橹髡Z從句。 Do you like French?2.將下列一般疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句。 Will you help me?3.將下列一般疑問句變?yōu)楸碚Z從句。 Does she want to go to the movies特殊疑問句1.將下列特殊疑問句變?yōu)橹髡Z從句。 What time will you come?你什么時(shí)候來？

21、2.將下列特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句。1.When will we leave?我們什么時(shí)候離開? 2.Who else's raincoat can this be?這還可能是其他什么人的雨衣呢?3.將下列特殊疑問句變?yōu)楸碚Z從句。2. Where are you from? 你從什么地方來？3. Which do you want? 你要哪個(gè)？1、I think it is youre eating too much. Athat Bbecause Cthe reason Dfor2、It is said has been translated into French Athat the work Bwhich Cthat Dthat which3、It is still a question we shall have our sports meet. Awhy Bthat Cwhen Dwhich4、Mother asked me .Awhat was wrong with me Bwhats wrong with