常耀信英國文學(xué)簡史筆記1-4章

1、英國文學(xué)簡史重點(diǎn)筆記（1-4章）（南開大學(xué)出版社常耀信版）Chapter 1 The old English periodBeowulf作品特點(diǎn)及歷史意義：1. The only organic whole poem to come out of theAn glo-Sax on period. 2. epic （史詩）.3. The story takes place in Scandin avia, there is no mention of England.作品概述：two part narrative-Beowulf's fight with the sea-monsters

2、 Grendel and his mother; his killing a fiery dragon and his death.寫作特點(diǎn)： 1. Pagan story has an Christian overlay.2. using of kenning （種描寫手法）。e.g.: sea is often swan' wayn or “whale-path”3. c on spicious occurre nee of alliterati on 頭韻）.4. story's disgressive manner of narration.5. elevated to

3、ne.Chapter 2 Chaucer. The pre-Elizabethan Period. MoreGeoffrey Chaucer代表作：The Canterbury Tales作家： 1. first preeminent English poet. 2. Chaucer was the first most significant poet in English literary history to write in Middle English. 3. a master of realism.作 Can terbury Tales 主 要內(nèi)容：a collect! on of

4、 20-odd stories, 4 fragme nts.品：作品特點(diǎn)：1. substance is from others, the telling isChaucer's own. 2. enormous sense of humor. 3.loyalty to reality. Offers such a panorama （全景 ）of social life. 4. infin ite （無限的）se nse if huma nity.Thomas More代表作：Utopia作家：a humanist. He witnessed the evils of the fut

5、ure of the world and sought to help mend things.作品：Utopia:主要內(nèi)容：1. consist of two book with emphasis on book two in which the Utopian weal republic is described in detail. 2. book two has 9 sections: section 1: geographic contours. Section 2: city life. Section 3: administration of the country.Sectio

6、n4: lifestyle. Sections： family structure. Section6: utopia travel. Section 7: bondmen. Section 8: attitude towards war. Section 9: religion.作品特點(diǎn)： 1. nothing private in Utopia, no one has anything, yet every is rich. Offers best ideal social system possible. 2. some problems: strict adherence to con

7、formity; slave system; super power politics; male- dominated.Chapter 3 The Elizabethan Age. Spenser. Sidney. MarloweEdmund Spenser 代表作：The Faerie Queene; The Shepheardes Calendar,作 家： a non-dramatic poet; of Queen Elizabeth's period; read and loved Chaucer and saw him as his pattern in literary

8、creation.作品：The Shepheardes Calendar 主要內(nèi)容：1. consists of 12 pastoral eclogueS 田 園牧歌 ）,one for each month of the year. 2. Dialogues between shepherds or of soliloquies, the everyday life of country people, their feelings and attitudes, and their simple life of harmony with nature. 3. around with such

9、 observations on the religious strife and political turbulence of his day.作品特點(diǎn):1. full of archaic （古代 的）or Chaucerian" words, bring into relief a rustic （鄉(xiāng)村的,純樸 的）effect.2.The eclogues in the Calendar fall into three groups-plaintive,recreative, and moral.The Faerie Queene:主要內(nèi)容：1. praise of Eli

10、zabeth I ' England in itself. 2. Consistent of six books and a fragment of the seventh book. 3. tell respectively about the Red Cross Knight of Holiness, the Knight of Temperance, the legend of chastity, that of friendship, the Knight of Justice, and the Knight of Courtesy.作品特點(diǎn)： 1. Courageous ex

11、perimentation with the meters. Special rhyme scheme of the Spenserian sonnets , and in the Spenserian stanza.Marlowe代表作：The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus; The Jew of Malta 作家：The most preeminent figure among the University wits.作品：The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus:主要內(nèi)容：1. first part of the

12、 play tells of Faustus's dissatisfactionwith earthly knowledge and of his part with the devil.2. second part about his satisfaction with his newly acquired knowledge and power.3.The third part soul being dragged down to hell, tries to pray to God' ssave.作品特 點(diǎn)： 1. famous both for its thematic

13、 and formal features. 2. Thematically, Faustus represents the archetypal Renaissance humanist of 16th century, and a supreme specimen of Everyman for all time.3.Formally, uses some dramatic devices like the choruses.Chapter4Shakespeare主要作品：sonnets, Romeo and Juliet, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Th

14、e Merchantof Venice, As You Like It, Julius Caesar, Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth 作品：sonnets: 154 in totalTheme: 1. love, passion, and sparks of wisdom. 2.clear vision of life and people. 3. Renaissance paean of man. 4. a faithful record of the mood and tenor of the times.Style: grace in form,

15、 depth in thought, and vivacity in tone.Plays: first period: generally happy and cheerful. All dramas this period end happily.Second period: frustration, tragic period. All his major tragedies were written within the space of a few years.Last period: acceptance of the inevitability of life.特點(diǎn)： 1. highly moral. Evil be punished and good rewarded.2. wisdom and profound philosophy.3. tolerant of human foibles and faults4. avoids the use of just one color-pure black