外研社英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上M11知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理gu

1、module11 way of lifeunit1 in china, we open a gift later.1.its cool to wear a cap back-to-front.把鴨舌帽前后反過(guò)來(lái)戴很酷。2.if she is interested in playing chess, its a good idea to choose a chess set as a present. 3. we chinese usually have meals with chopsticks/ while westerners(西方人) use knives and forks for m

2、eals. this pair of chopsticks is pretty nice.（謂語(yǔ)是由pair決定的）a knife and fork _ on the table now. （is）a knife and fork 一副刀叉表示一個(gè)整體，用單數(shù)。4.a bar of chocolate is a perfect choice for those who prefer(更喜歡) sweet food.5.students need to look up new words in dictionaries to improve their study.6. little babie

3、s would like to play with toys.7. video games are not popular with teenagers any longer now. 現(xiàn)在電子游戲不再受青少年歡迎了。8. heres your gift. heres the change(找頭，零錢(qián))/money. here are some flowers for you.9. what a big surprise! n.1)in surprise “驚奇地”常位于動(dòng)詞之后作狀語(yǔ)，表示方式。eg. john turned around and looked at me in surpri

4、se 約翰轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)，驚奇地望著我。2)to one's surprise “使某人吃驚的是”、“出乎意料地”，常位于句首，作狀語(yǔ)，表示行為的結(jié)果。eg: to my surprise, the door was unlocked使我吃驚的是，門(mén)沒(méi)有鎖。surprised adj.人做主語(yǔ),強(qiáng)調(diào)人的心理，“感到吃驚的”surprising adj.物做主語(yǔ)或修飾物，“令人吃驚的”試比較：a surprising look 一個(gè)令人吃驚的表情 a surprised look一個(gè)吃驚的表情3)be surprised at 對(duì)感到驚奇 表示某種情緒、心情的起因時(shí)，常用at這一介詞短語(yǔ)，表示

5、“聽(tīng)到”或“看到而”eg:she was surprised at the news. 4)be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到驚訝 she was surprised to hear the news. 5)be surprised that + 從句 i was surprised that he died from an accident.10.immediately=at once=right now=right awayan immediate reply 立即回復(fù)11.you must use both of the hands to accept a pre

6、sent. (both這里是pron. 做賓語(yǔ))=you must accept a gift with both hands. (both這里是adj. 做形容語(yǔ))both of them are married. (both這里是pron. 做主語(yǔ))her parents are both doctors and they both work hard. they can both swim. (前一個(gè)both是adj. 做定語(yǔ)，后一個(gè)both是pron.做they的同位語(yǔ))( both/all和頻度副詞、also、probably的位置一樣，放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞后）

7、 反義詞 neither 兩者都不neither of them is able to work out the math problem. (謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)) neither nor 既不也不 he can neither sing nor dance. (連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ))the weather in kunming is neither too cold nor too hot all year around. (連接兩個(gè)形容詞做表語(yǔ)) neither you nor i am a foreigner. (連接兩個(gè)代詞或名詞做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)采用就近原則)all反義詞 none 三者及以上12.

8、 i dont think i should open it now. (否定前移)我想我現(xiàn)在不應(yīng)該打開(kāi)它。 i dont believe he is telling the truth.我認(rèn)為他不是在說(shuō)實(shí)話。13.you neednt wait. =you dont need to wait.just wait and see! 到時(shí)候你就知道了。 cant wait to do sth.迫不及待干某事 he couldnt wait to open the box. cant help doing sth. 情不自禁干某事 he couldnt help laughing when he

9、heard the joke.14.the way of life in china is quite different from that in britain.(與截然不同)there are many differences between the way of life in china and that in britain.15. pay attention to 注意，留心 (to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞賓格或動(dòng)名詞)we have paid much attention to health care in recent years.近年來(lái)，我們已經(jīng)非常重視醫(yī)療保健了。pay n

10、o/little attention to 對(duì)不重視youd better pay more attention to taking good care of yourself.16.be interested in (doing) sth be interested to do sth.17. 區(qū)分for example, such as和likefor example一般只以同類(lèi)事物或人中的“一個(gè)”為例，作插入語(yǔ)，用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，可置于句首、句中或句末。(1) for example, air is invisible. (看不見(jiàn)的)(2) he,for example,is a good s

11、tudent. such as用來(lái)列舉同類(lèi)人或事物中的幾個(gè)例子。 (3)some of the european languages come from latin，such as french，italian and spanish. 有些歐洲語(yǔ)言來(lái)源于拉丁語(yǔ)，例如，法語(yǔ)、意大利語(yǔ)和西班牙語(yǔ)。(4) boys such as john and james are very friendly. like也常用來(lái)表示舉例，可與such as互換。但such as用于舉例可以分開(kāi)使用，此時(shí)不可與like互換。 (5)some warm-blooded animals,like/such as th

12、e cat，the dog or the wolf，do not need to hibernate. 一些溫血?jiǎng)游?，像貓、狗和狼都不需要冬眠?6)he has several such reference books as dictionaries and handbooks. 他有幾本像字典、手冊(cè)之類(lèi)的參考書(shū)。18.you mustnt do any cleaning or break anything on the first day of the chinese new year/ the spring festival because it means bad luck/ its

13、unlucky. do some cleaning/washing/reading/shopping sightseeing/cooking 19.you must use red paper for hongbao because its lucky/ red means good luck. 20.have ones hair cut = have a haircut (cut-cut-cut cutting) cut down 砍伐（樹(shù)木）；削減（數(shù)字、數(shù)量等） theyve cut down too many trees. you should cut down your compos

14、ition within 500 words. 你應(yīng)該把作文的字?jǐn)?shù)減少至500字以內(nèi)。 21. during the spring festival month during the christmas season at spring festival/ christmas on the first day of the spring festival on christmas day/eve22.you cant be serious. 你不可能當(dāng)真的吧。=you must be joking/kidding.take it easy./ dont worry. theres nothin

15、g serious with your neck.別擔(dān)心/緊張，脖子沒(méi)什么大礙。the situation is becoming serious.she is serious with her work.她對(duì)工作很認(rèn)真。he is seriously/badly hurt. bad luck!23. celebrate vt. 慶祝they had a big party to celebrate his birthday.grammar:must 的用法1) 表示主觀的義務(wù)和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句，意思為 “必須，得，要”；由must引起的疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答要用must，否定回答要用n

16、eednt，意思是“不必”；must的否定形式mustnt表示禁止，意思是“不能，不許”。must i finish the task right now? no, you neednt. you mustnt come here without permission. 沒(méi)有允許你不準(zhǔn)來(lái)這。2) 表示肯定的猜測(cè)，常用于肯定句中，意為 “一定是，必然”。your sister must be a doctor in this hospital. he must be reading newspapers in the reading room now.（正在進(jìn)行的猜測(cè)）have to 與must

17、的區(qū)別兩者都表示“必須”，但must側(cè)重于說(shuō)話者的主觀看法，認(rèn)為有必要或有義務(wù)去做某事；have to側(cè)重于客觀需要，含有“不得不，被迫”之意。all passengers must wear seat belts. 系安全帶my bike was broken yesterday, so i had to walk to school. can 的用法can的否定形式為cannot，縮寫(xiě)為can't。1) 表示能力i cant swim. can you drive？ 注意：can表示能力可與be able to互換使用，且后者有更多的時(shí)態(tài)，be able to常被用來(lái)表示can所不

18、能表示的將來(lái)或完成的概念。they will be able to run this machine on their own in three months.2) 表示可能性，意思是：可以，可能。that big cinema can seat/hold 2,000 people. he can be very friendly at times.他有時(shí)可能非常友善。3) 表示允諾，意思是：可以，能夠,相當(dāng)于may。 you can read the book when i have finished it. can i have a look at your pen? 4) 表示驚異、不相

19、信、猜測(cè)等（用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句或感嘆句中），意思是:會(huì)，可能。this cant be true. 這不可能是真的。-can it be mr wang?-no, it cant be him because he has gone abroad. need的用法need作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示“需要”，一般用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。否定形式neednt比較常用，表示“不需要”，或“不必要”。例如：you neednt be so rude.need也可以作為行為動(dòng)詞，表示“需要”，sb. need to do sth. ; sb. need sb./sth.; sth. need doing = sth.

20、 need to be donei need to brush my teeth immediately.she needed some help with her broken bike.her bike needs repairing. 修理= her bike needs to be repaired.unit2 in england, you usually drink tea with milk.1. its good/bad manners to do sth. =its polite/impolite/rude (of sb.) to do sth.its good manner

21、s to offer your seat to the old on the bus. 在公交車(chē)上讓座是有禮貌的。its bad manners to spit in public.在公共場(chǎng)合下隨地吐痰是不文明的。2. experience n. 經(jīng)歷【c】；經(jīng)驗(yàn)【u】vt.id like to share my wonderful experiences in shanghai happy valley with you.我想要和你一起分享我在上海歡樂(lè)谷的美妙經(jīng)歷。ms gu is a good teacher with much experience.ms gu是一位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的好老師。sh

22、e is an experienced teacher. experienced adj. 經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的have you ever experienced the way of life in england?(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句, experience vt.)3. stay n.& v. stays staying stayedenjoy my stay during my stay in rome在羅馬短暫停留期間 stay at home/in bedstay above/below zero degree4. notice vt. & n. 注意到；通知，布告not

23、ice sth./sbnotice sb. do/doing sth.(1) did you notice the difference(s) between the words “quite” and “quiet”?(2)i often notice him offer to empty the trash for the class. 我經(jīng)常注意到他主動(dòng)為班級(jí)到垃圾。(3)i noticed him copying others homework just now.5. for the first time1)for the first time in his life he felt

24、truly happy.2)you should shake hands with them when you meet them for the first time. ( shake-shook-shaken shaking) 6. 區(qū)分know與get to know (know-knew-known)know：認(rèn)識(shí)，了解，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)事實(shí)狀態(tài)； get to know：逐漸(開(kāi)始)了解，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過(guò)程和動(dòng)作we have known each other since we came here.we got to know each other when we came here.7.when

25、 you are talking to your friends, you may call them by their first/given name.you can use first name with/for your friend.你可以直呼你朋友的名字。family name 姓8. afternoon tea is not just a drink but a light meal at around 4 pm. 不僅僅是而且是ms gu is not just an english teacher but a good mother of ours.顧老師不僅僅是位英語(yǔ)老師，

26、而且還是我們的好媽媽。9. fish and chips is traditional food in england, just like french fries in america.you can buy and eat it in fish and chip shops on the high street (在繁華的商業(yè)大街), or you can take it away and eat with your fingers.10. at the bus stop, you mustnt push your way onto the bus. you need to stand

27、in (a) line and wait(for) your turn. its ones turn to do sth.its your turn to clean the blackboard.11. get on/ get off the bus/train get into/out of the car12. 英語(yǔ)的慣用表達(dá)法動(dòng)詞+sb.+介詞+the+人體的某個(gè)部位catch/pull sb. by the arm/ nosetouch/ pat（拍） sb. on the shoulderkick/bite sb. in the leghit sb. in the face / back/ chesthit sb. on the head/ nose/ jaw（下巴）面積大的，會(huì)凹陷