小學(xué)英語語法總結(jié)2

1、bed-beds學(xué)校英語語法總結(jié)一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)章1一般情形下，直接加 -s，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats,2以 s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加 -es ，如： bus-buses, box-boxes,brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“輔音字母 y”結(jié)尾，變y 為 i,再加-es ，如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f 或 fe”結(jié)尾，變f 或 fe 為 v,再加-es ，如： knife-knives leaf leaves 5不規(guī)章名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, wom

2、an-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, chinese-chinese, japanese-japanese寫出以下各詞的復(fù)數(shù)i him this her watch childphoto diary day foot book dress toothsheep box strawberry peach sandwich dish bus man woman 二、一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹【no.

3、 1 】一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特點、狀態(tài)；如：the sky is blue. 天空是藍(lán)色的；2.表示常常性或習(xí)慣性的動作；如：i get up at six every day.我天天六點起床；3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實；如： the earth goes around the sun.地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)；一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成1. be 動詞：主語beam,is,are其它；如：i am a boy. 我是一個男孩；2.行為動詞：主語行為動詞 其它；如： we study english. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語；當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù) he, she,it 時，要在動詞后加 "-s"或

4、"-es" ；如： mary likes chinese.瑪麗喜愛漢語；【no. 2 】一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1. be 動詞的變化；否定句：主語be not其它；如： he is not a worker.他不是工人；一般疑問句： be主語 其它；如： -are you a student.-yes. i am. / no, i'm not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞一般疑問句；如： where is my bike.2.行為動詞的變化；否定句：主語don't doesn't 動詞原形 其它；如： i don't like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單

5、數(shù)時，要用doesn't 構(gòu)成否定句；如：he doesn't often play.一般疑問句： do does 主語 動詞原形其它；如：- do you often play football.- yes, i do. / no, i don't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does 構(gòu)成一般疑問句；如：- does she go to work by bike.- yes, she does. / no, she doesn't.動詞 s 的變化規(guī)章1一般情形下，直接加 -s，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以 s. x. sh. c

6、h. o結(jié)尾，加-es ，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes,watch-watches, go-goes3以“輔音字母 y”結(jié)尾，變y 為 i,再加-es ，如： study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練 :一、寫出以下動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink go stay make look have pass carry come watch plant fly studybrush do teach wash 二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空；1. he often have dinner at home.2. daniel and tommy be in class o

7、ne.3. we not watch tv on monday.4. nick not go to the zoo on sunday.5. they like the world cup.6. what they often do on saturdays.7. your parents read newspapers every day.8. the girl teach us english on sundays.9. she and i take a walk together every evening.10. there be some water in the bottle.11

8、. mike like cooking.12. they have the same hobby.13. my aunt look after her baby carefully.14. you always do your homework well.15. i be ill. i m staying in bed.16. she go to school from monday to friday.17. liu tao do not like pe.18. the child often watch tv in the evening.19. su hai and su yang ha

9、ve eight lessons this term.20. what day be it today. its saturday三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作；2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的確定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be動詞 ing.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的否定句在be 后加 not ；4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的一般疑問句把be 動詞調(diào)到句首；5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意be主語 動詞 ing.但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意be動詞 ing.動詞加 ing 的變化規(guī)章1一般情形下，直接加ing，如： cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的

10、 e 結(jié)尾，去 e 加 ing ，如：make-making, taste-tasting3假如末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加 ing ，如： run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時專項練習(xí)：一、寫出以下動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play run swim make go like write _ski readhave sing dance put see buy love live take come get stop sit begin shop 二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1. the boy drawa picture now.2. li

11、sten .some girls singin the classroom .3. my mother cook some nice food now.4. what you do now.5. look . they have an english lesson . 6.they not ,water the flowers now.7.look. the girls dance in the classroom . 8.what is our granddaughter doing. she listen tomusic.9. it s 5 o clock now. we havesupp

12、er now 10. helen wash clothes. yes ,she is .四、將來時理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及準(zhǔn)備、方案或預(yù)備做某事；句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow, next dayweek, month, year,soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等；二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)： be going to do ；will do.三、否定句：在 be 動詞（ am, is, are ）l 后加 not 或情態(tài)動詞 will后加 not 成 won t；例如： im going to have a picnic this af

13、ternoon. im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、同義句： be going to = willi am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = i will go swimmingtomorrow.練習(xí)：填空；1. 我準(zhǔn)備明天和伴侶去野炊；i have a picnic with my friends. i have a picnic with my friends.2.我們將要學(xué)習(xí)英語we learn english. we learn english.五、一般過去時1一般過去時表示過去某個時間

14、發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用；一般過去時也表示過去常常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作；2 be 動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am和 is 在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as ；（ was not=wasn t）are 在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere ；（ were not=weren t） 3句中沒有 be 動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句： didn t 動詞原形，如： jim didn t go home yesterday.動詞過去式變化規(guī)章：1一般在動詞末尾加 -ed ，如： work -worked , cook-cooked 2結(jié)尾是 e 加 d，如： live lived3末尾只有一個元音字

15、母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加 -ed ，如： stop-stopped4以“輔音字母 y”結(jié)尾的，變y 為 i， 再加-ed ，如：study-studied 5不規(guī)章動詞過去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave,get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drin

16、k-drank,swim-swam, sit-sat過去時練習(xí)寫出以下動詞的過去式isam plant are drink play go make does dance worry ask taste eat put kick pass do be 動詞的過去時練習(xí)（ 1）name no. date 一、用 be 動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. i at school just now.2. he at the camp last week.3. we students two years ago.4. they on the farm a moment ago.5. yang ling eleve

17、n years old last year.6. there an apple on the plate yesterday.7. there some milk in the fridge on sunday.8. the mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.一、用 be 動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. i an english teacher now.2. she happy yesterday.3. they glad to see each other last month.行為動詞的過去時練習(xí)（ 2）name no. date 一、用 be

18、動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. i watch a cartoon on saturday.2. her father read a newspaper last night.3. we to zoo yesterday, we to the park. go4. you visit your relatives last spring festival.5. he fly a kite on sunday. yes, he .6. gao shan pull up carrots last national day holiday.7. i sweep the floor yesterday, bu

19、t my mother .8. what she find in the garden last morning. she find a beautiful butterfly.六、人稱代詞和物主代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性i me my mineyou you youryours he him his hisshe her her hersitit its itswe us our oursthey them theirtheirs習(xí)題一.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. that is not kite. that kite is very small, but is very big. i 2.

20、 the dress is . give it to . she 3. is this watch. you no, its not . i 4. is my brother. name is jack. look. those stamps are . he 二、用 am, is, are填空1. i a boy. you a boy. no, i not.2. the girl jack's sister.3. the dog tall and fat.4. the man with big eyes a teacher.5. your brother in the classro

21、om.6. where your mother. she at home.7. how your father.8. mike and liu tao at school.9. whose dress this.10. whose socks they.語法及練習(xí) 1be 動詞be動詞的用法：(1) am-was is -was are-were口訣：我用 am,你用 are, is 用在他她它， 復(fù)數(shù)全用 are ；(2) 確定和否定句i am not from london. he isnot a teacher. she isnot in the dining room. my hair

22、 isnot long. her eyes arenot small.(3) 一般疑問句am i a chinese. yes, you are. no, you arent. are theyamerican. yes, they are. no, they arent. is the cat fat. yes, it is. no, it isnt.用恰當(dāng)?shù)?be 動詞填空；1. i a boy. you a boy. no, i not.2. the girl jack's sister.3. the dog tall and fat.4. the man with big ey

23、es a teacher.5. your brother in the classroom.6. where your mother. she at home.7. how your father.8. mike and liu tao at school.9. whose dress this.10. whose socks they.11. that my red skirt.12. who i.13. the jeans on the desk.14. here a scarf for you.15. here some sweaters for you.16. the black gl

24、oves for su yang.17. this pair of gloves for yang ling.18. the two cups of milk for me.19. some tea in the glass.20. gao shan's shirt over there.21. my sister's name nancy.22. this not wang fang's pencil.23. david and helen from england.24. there a girl in the room.25. there some apples

25、on the tree.26. there any kites in the classroom.27. there any apple juice in the bottle.28. there some bread on the plate.29. there a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.30. you, he and i from china.語法及練習(xí) 2人稱代詞和物主代詞人稱代詞和物主代詞1人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)分：主格通常位于句中第一個動詞之前（有時候位于 than之后），賓格一般位于動詞或介詞之后；

26、2物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)分：形容詞性用時后面一般要帶上名詞，名詞性就單獨使用，后面不帶名詞；一.填寫代詞表主格；iitweyouthemhisyourhers二.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空；1. that is not kite. that kite is very small, but is very big. i 2. the dress is . give it to . she 3. is this watch. you no, its not . i 4. is my brother. name is jack. look. those stamps are . he 5. dre

27、sses are red. we what colour are . you 6. here are many dolls, which one is . she 7. i can find my toy, but wheres . you 8. show your kite, ok. they9. i have a beautiful cat. name is mimi. these cakes are . it 10. are these tickets. no, are not .aren t here. they 11. shall have a look at that classr

28、oom. that is classroom. we 12. is my aunt. do you know job. a nurse. she 13. that is not camera. is at home. he 14. where are . i can t find . let s call parents. they 15. don t touch . not a cat, a tiger.16. sister is ill. please go and get . she 17. don t know her name. would you please tell . we

29、18. so many dogs. lets count . they 19. i have a lovely brother. is only 3. i like very much. he 20. may i sit beside . you 21. look at that desk. those book are on . it）22. the girl behind is our friend. she 語法及練習(xí) 3名詞復(fù)數(shù)和動詞三單一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)章1一般情形下，直接加 -s，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以 s. x.

30、sh. ch結(jié)尾，加 -es ，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y 為 i,再加-es ，如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4以“f 或 fe ”結(jié)尾，變f 或 fe 為 v,再加-es ，如： knife-knives 5不規(guī)章名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-fee

31、t,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, chinese-chinese, japanese-japanese練習(xí)：寫出以下各詞的復(fù)數(shù)；i him this her watch book child photo diary dress tooth sheep day box foot strawberry thief yo-yo peach sandwich man woman paper people 二動詞三單的變化規(guī)章1一般情形下，直接加 -s，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks2以 s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加 -es

32、，如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y 為 i,再加-es ，如： study-studies練習(xí): 寫出以下動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)；drink go stay make have look pass carry come watch plant flystudy brush teach 語法及練習(xí) 4一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特點、狀態(tài)；如：the sky is blue. 天空是藍(lán)色的； 2.表示常常性或習(xí)慣性的動作；如：i get up a

33、t six every day.我每天六點起床； 3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實；如： the earth goes around the sun.地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)；一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成1. be 動詞：主語 +beam,is,are+ 其它；如： i am a boy. 我是一個男孩；2.行為動詞：主語 +行為動詞 +其它；如： we study english.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語； 當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù) he, she,it 時，要在動詞后加 "-s"或"-es" ；如： mary likes chinese. 瑪麗喜愛漢語；一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1. be 動詞的變化；否定句：主

34、語+ be + not + 其它；如： he is not a worker.他不是工人；一般疑問句： be + 主語+其它；如： -are you a student.-yes. i am. / no, i'm not.特別疑問句：疑問詞 +一般疑問句；如： where is my bike.2.行為動詞的變化； 否定句：主語+ don't doesn't + 動詞原形 +其它；如：i don't like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesn't 構(gòu)成否定句；如： he doesn't often play.一般疑問句： do

35、does + 主語+動詞原形 +其它；如： - do you often play football. - yes, i do. / no, i don't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does 構(gòu)成一般疑問句；如： - does she go to work by bike. - yes, she does. / no, she doesn't.特別疑問句：疑問詞 +一般疑問句；如： how does your father go to work.一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練 :一、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空；1. he often have dinner at home.2. dan

36、iel and tommy be in class one.3. we not watch tv on monday.4. nick not go to the zoo on sunday.5. they like the world cup.6. what they often do on saturdays.7. your parents read newspapers every day.8. the girl teach us english on sundays.9. she and i take a walk together every evening.10. there be

37、some water in the bottle.11. mike like cooking.12. they have the same hobby.13. my aunt look after her baby carefully.14. you always do your homework well.15. i be ill. i m staying in bed.16. she go to school from monday to friday.17. liu tao do not like pe.18. the child often watch tv in the evenin

38、g.19. su hai and su yang have eight lessons this term.20. what day be it today. its saturday.二、依據(jù)要求改寫句子；1. daniel watches tv every evening.改為否定句 2. i do my homework every day.改為一般疑問句，作否定回答3. she likes milk. 改為一般疑問句， 作確定回答 4. amy likes playing computer games.改為一般疑問句，作否定回答5. we go to school every morn

39、ing.改為否定句 6. he speaks english very well.改為否定句 7. i like taking photos in the park.對劃線部分提問 8. john comes from canada.對劃線部分提問 9. she is always a good student.改為一般疑問句，作否定回答10. simon and daniel like going skating.改為否定句 三、改錯 劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上1. is your brother speak english. 2. does he likes going fishi

40、ng. 3. he likes play games after class. 4. mr. wu teachs us english. 5. she don t do her homework on sundays. 語法及練習(xí) 5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作；2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的確定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+ 動詞 ing.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的否定句在be 后加 not ；4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的一般疑問句把be 動詞調(diào)到句首；5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特別疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意+ be +主語 + 動詞ing.但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑

41、問詞不達(dá)意+ be +動詞 ing.動詞加 ing 的變化規(guī)章1一般情形下，直接加ing ，如： cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾，去 e 加 ing，如： make-making, taste-tasting 3假如末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing ，如： run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時專項練習(xí)：一、寫出以下動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play go run swim make like write ski read have sing dance put see buylove live get stop sit take

42、begin comeshop 二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1. the boy drawa picture now.2. listen .some girls singin the classroom .3. my mother cook some nice food now.4. what you do now.5. look . they have an english lesson . 6.they not ,water the flowers now.7.look. the girls dance in the classroom . 8.what is our granddaug

43、hter doing. she listen to music.9. it s 5 o clock now. we havesupper now10. helen wash clothes. yes ,she is .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. they are doing housework .分別改成一般疑問句和否定句2the students are cleaning the classroom . 改一般疑問句并作確定和否定回答3im playing the football in the playground .對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問 4tom is reading books in his s

44、tudy . 對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問 語法及練習(xí) 6將來時將來時一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及準(zhǔn)備、方案或預(yù)備做某事； 句中一般有以下時間狀語： tomorrow, next dayweek, month, year,soon, the day after tomorrow （后天）等；二、基本結(jié)構(gòu) ： be going to + do ； will+ do.三、否定句 ：在 be 動詞（am, is, are ）l 后加 not 或情態(tài)動詞 will 后加 not 成 won t；例如： im going to have a picnic this afternoon. im not

45、 going to have a picnicthis afternoon.四、一般疑問句：be 或 will 提到句首， some 改為 any, and 改為 or，第一二人稱互換；例如：we are going to go on an outing this weekend. are you going to go on an outing this weekend.五、對劃線部分提問：一般情形，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情形；1. 問人； who例如： im going to new york soon.who s going to new york soon.2. 問干什么； wh

46、atdo. 例如：my father is going to watch a race with methis afternoon.what is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 問什么時候； when. 例如： she s going to go to bed at nine.when is she going to bed.六、同義句： be going to = willi am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天） . = i will go swimming tomorrow.練習(xí)：填

47、空；1. 我準(zhǔn)備明天和伴侶去野炊；i have a picnic with my friends. i have a picnic with my friends.2. 下個星期一你準(zhǔn)備去干嘛.我想去打籃球；what next monday.i play basketball. what you do next monday. i play basketball.3. 你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果； your mother go shopping this . yes, she . she buy some fruit.4. 你們準(zhǔn)備什么時候見面；what time you m

48、eet.改句子；5. nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）nancy going to go camping.6. i ll go and join them.（改否定）i go join them.7. i m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑問句） to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.8. we will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑問句） meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. she is going to listen to

49、 music after school.（對劃線部分提問） she after school.10. my father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.同上 going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空；11. today is a sunny day. we have a picnic this afternoon.12. my brother go to shanghai next week.13. tom often go to schoo

50、l on foot. but today is rain. he go to school by bike.14. what do you usually do at weekends. i usually watch tv and catch insects.15. it s friday today. what she do this weekend. she watch tv and catch insects.16. what d0 you do last sunday. i pick apples on a farm.what do next sunday. i milk cows.

51、17. mary visit her grandparents tomorrow.18. liu tao fly kites in the playground yesterday.19. david give a puppet show next monday.20. i plan for my study now.語法及練習(xí) 7一般過去時一般過去時1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用；一般過去時也表示過去常?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作感謝；2be 動詞在一般過去時中的變化： am和 is 在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as ；（ was not=wasn t） are 在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere ；（ were not=weren t）帶有 was 或 were 的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在 was 或 were 后加 not，一般疑問句把was 或 were 調(diào)到句首； 3句中沒有 be 動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句： didn t +動詞原形，如： jim didn t go h