英語音標基礎(chǔ)學習及練習10610

1、實用文檔 文案大全 英語音標學習 認識幾個定義： 1、音素 英語語音中最小的發(fā)音單位。 2、元音 發(fā)音時氣流在通路上不受發(fā)音器官的阻礙。 3、輔音 發(fā)音時氣流在通路上受到發(fā)音器官的阻礙。 4、音節(jié) 說話時最小的語音片段。 一個可以為單個元音（如I/a?/），或者一個元音加上一個或多個輔音（如tree /tri:/）。 單詞可以根據(jù)音節(jié)數(shù)量分為：單音節(jié)詞，雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞。 5、開音節(jié) 以讀音為元音的字母結(jié)尾的音節(jié)，即輔音+元音（如me, he等）；或以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾（如name, come等）。 6、閉音節(jié) 以一個或幾個輔音字母結(jié)尾且中間只有一個元音，即元音+輔音（如it, pen, pi

2、ck等）。 7、重讀 在雙音節(jié)或多音節(jié)單詞中，有個音節(jié)必須讀得特別強而重，而其它音節(jié)讀得相對弱而輕，這種現(xiàn)象就叫單詞重讀。用符號“'”表示。 8、清音和濁音（輔音） 發(fā)音時聲帶不振動叫清輔音；聲帶振動叫濁輔音。 音標基礎(chǔ)學習 一、英語共有48個音素，元音20個，輔音28個 元音 1. 長短：/i:/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /?:/ /?/ /U:/ /?/ 2. 大?。?e/ /?/ /:/ /?/ 3. I組：/e?/ /a?/ /?/ 4. U組：/?/ /a?/ 5. ?組：/?/ /e?/ /?/ 清輔音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ / /s/ /?/ /t?/ /tr

3、/ /ts/ /h/ 濁輔音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/ /?/ /d?/ /dr/ /dz/ /r/ /m/n/ /?/ /?/ /w/ /j/ 注：s與輔音元音里的爆破音結(jié)合時，通常是清輔音被濁化, /p/ /t/ /k/ 它們濁化實用文檔 文案大全 后，分別發(fā)成: /b/ /d/ /g/ 二26個字母在單詞中的具體發(fā)音 a 1. /ei/ name able cake table take date 2. /?/ apple cat map am match matter sad and angry 3. /: / dance last pass plant 4. /

4、?/ want what watch wash 5. /?/ a arrive along alike aloud e 1. /i:/ he she me evening meter 2. /e/ elephant egg bed pen best get empty February next then send 3. /i/ enjoy English eleven because forest i 1. /ai / fine bike five ice climber hiking kind 2. /i/ is sit miss pig picture interesting ill d

5、inner him listen pick river o 1. /?u / old home nose coke tomato tofu over hold piano 2. /?/ dog not clock box robot on from forest often stop 3. /?/ son month mother love young 4. /u:/ who do whose u 1. /ju: / use usually excuse menu 2. /?/bus us sun duck uncle up trunk funny must 3. / u / put pull

6、 helpful b /b/ book big bag box c 1. /k/ clean climb cup clock cook collect curtain clothes 2. /s/ face nice pencil city cinema d /d/ desk doll dog dad day don't dish does deep f /f/ fine friend fly foot fan fall fight favourite fruit funny g 1. / gun glass glad go get 2. /d? / age orange villag

7、e h /h/ hat her house honey happy have heavier hurt hobby hospital j / d?/ jeep jacket jump Jan. July June k /k/ kite cake thank kangaroo speak take walk work lake like 實用文檔 文案大全 l 1. /l/ leg left ruler flag lamp longer relax play 2. /l/ apple bowl tell old tail whale m /m/ am map my mouth milk n 1.

8、 /n/ no know new hand 2. /?/ thank think thing uncle swing p /p/ map jeep pig pen apple plant play potato please policeman q /kw/ quite quilt quick r /r/ red radio brother rain read run rabbit write mirror library s 1. /s/ sit miss this salty books spring swim sleep sometimes grass 2. /z/ nose those

9、 rose rulers season t /t/ it sit not that table little tired take left fruit but plant v /v/ five very seven village live w /w/ we window watch want wait water Wednesday winter with x /ks/ box six fox relax y 1. /ai /my fly why bye 2. / j / yes yellow young yesterday 3. / i /happy baby very windy sn

10、owy study z / z / zoo zero 三、常見字母組合 （一）元音組合 ai /ei/ wait paint ay /ei/ may play day say air /? / air hair chair al /?:/ tall small ball ar /: / farther farm car arm ea /i:/ meat please tea read /e/ head bread ready /i?/ theater ear / i? / ear hear near /?/ bear /?:/ earth ee /i:/ meet see bee feet j

11、eep 實用文檔 文案大全 eir /?/ their er /?/ worker teacher /?:/ her ere /i?/ here /?/ where there ew /ju: / new few /u: / flew grew ight /ai / right high bright ir /?: / bird girl shirt thirty oa /?u/ boat coat ong /o?/ long song oo /u/ book foot good /u:/ moon balloon or /?:/ short fork port /?: / word worl

12、d work oor /?:/ door floor ore /?:/ more store sore ou /au/ out house mouth our /?:/ four your /au?/ our ow /?u/ bowl window /au/ now cow flower oy /oi/ boy toy ur /?: / turn （二）輔音組合 th / thank mouth / / this that with tr /tr/ tree train truck dr /dr/ dress driver sh / shirt wash short ch /t/ child

13、chair catch / k / school Christmas / d/ sandwich tw /tw/ two twin twenty wh /w/ white wheel what /h/ who whose whom ts /ts/ jackets kites ds /dz/ birds friends 實用文檔 文案大全 （三）特殊組合 tion /n/ question nation 四、單詞重音（word stress） 英語單詞分為單音節(jié)詞，雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞。 含有一個元音音素的字母組合叫做一個音節(jié)，由一個音節(jié)構(gòu)成的詞叫做單音節(jié)詞，如bedb?d,dadd?d. 由兩個

14、音節(jié)構(gòu)成的詞叫雙音節(jié)詞，如funny 'f?n? ，famous 'fem?s 由兩個以上音節(jié)構(gòu)成的單詞叫多音節(jié)詞，如delicious d?'l?s 英語單詞如果有一個以上的音節(jié)則有重讀音節(jié)和非重讀音節(jié)，由符號“ '”表示，如about ?'baut。有的多音節(jié)詞有兩個重音，一個是主重音，一個是次重音，或兩個都是主重音，次重音用符號“，”表示，標在次重音的左下方。如anybody '?n?,bd?。雙音節(jié)的重音一般落在第一個音節(jié)上，多音節(jié)的重音通常為倒數(shù)第三個音節(jié)，如documentary ,dkj?'m?nt?r?，grandfath

15、er 'gr?nd,fe?。 四句子重音（sentence stress） 一個句子中，實詞（名詞，實義動詞，數(shù)詞，形容詞，副詞等）重讀；虛詞（冠詞，介詞）不重讀。 實用文檔 文案大全 英語音標練習題 一、口語練習 （一）讀出下列單詞： 1. /i:/ /i/ /e/ /?/ /bit/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /ri?l/ /kid/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /rid/ /wil/ bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will /p?k/ /g?p/ /tr?/ /n?g/ /r?m/ /b?tl/

16、/sed/ /h?pi/ /setl/ /dipend/ pack gap trash nag ram battle said happy settle depend 2. /a:/ / ?:/ / ? / /u:/ /u/ /ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/ /st?:m/ /n?:t/ /f?ks/ /s?k/ /fa:/ /la:d? / /ma:k/ mask past France storm naught fox sock far large mark /?t/ /pr?mis/ /lu:s/ /tuk/ /mud/ /ru:/ /pul/ /wud/ thought

17、 promise loose took mood through pull wood 3. /?/ /?/ /?/ /d?l/ /h?ri/ /g?lf/ /tr?bl/ /?:n/ /s?:f/ /t?:n?/ /beg?/ /t?k/ dull hurry gulf trouble earn surf turner begger tuck /k?:b/ /?:k/ /?merik / /s?k?/ /k?mp?/ /s?vei/ /p?veid/ /p?h?ps/ curb irk America soccer camper survey pervade perhaps 4. /ei/ /

18、?u/ /ai/ /au/ /?i/ /keip/ /greit/ /mein/ /pr?p?uz/ /m?u?n/ /st?un/ /?uv?/ /sait/ kape great main propose motion stone over sight /raim/ /daut/ /taipist/ /aust/ /m?ist/ /?ist?/ rhyme doubt typist oust moist oyster 5. /i?/ /?/ /u?/ /vi?/ /?f?/ /d?/ /sk?/ /bu?n/ /gu?d/ /ru?r?l/ /?pi?/ /k?l?mbi?/ veer a

19、ffair dare scare bourn gourd rural appear Colombia 6. / /e/ /m?n/ /i:f/ /e?t/ /e?n/ /fei/ /t?gee?/ /?k/ /e?mselvz/ month thief that than faith together thank themselves （二）、繞口令： 1. A tidy tiger tied a tie tighter to tidy her tiny tail. 實用文檔 文案大全 2. A mad man says that Amanda has captured a fat panda

20、. 3. If you notice this notice, you will notice that this notice is not worth noticing. 4. A big black bug bit a big black bear, made the big black bear bleed blood. 5. If two witches watched two watches, which witch would watch which watch? Which wristwatch is a Swiss wristwatch? 6. She sells sea s

21、hells on the seashore. The seashells she sells are seashells she is sure. 二、筆頭練習： （一）. 找出畫線部分讀音不同的單詞 ( ) 1. A. tea B. meat C. weather D. beach ( ) 2. A. back B. fast C. have D. map ( ) 3. A. warm B. garden C. market D. party ( ) 4. A. school B. tooth C. choose D. good ( ) 5. A. June B. ruler C. put D. menu ( ) 6. A. go B. no C. cold D. hot ( ) 7. A. push B. fun C. sun D. ugly ( ) 8. A. tiger B. her C. off