語法基礎(chǔ)it的用法實用教案

1、會計學1語法基礎(chǔ)語法基礎(chǔ)(jch)it的用法的用法第一頁，共42頁。Talk about the following pictures, using It is no use/good doing sth 做做沒有用沒有用/不好不好(b ho)It is fun doing sth 做做很有趣很有趣還想跑？甭還想跑？甭想！想！想追我想追我?沒門沒門！第1頁/共42頁第二頁，共42頁。 It is never too old to learn. 活到老活到老, 學到老。學到老。 It is easier to fall than to rise. 摔倒容易摔倒容易(rngy)爬起來難。爬起來難。

2、 It is no use crying over spilt (溢出的溢出的) milk. 覆水難收。覆水難收。 It never rains but it pours(潑水潑水). 不鳴則已不鳴則已, 一鳴驚人。一鳴驚人。Proverbs(諺語諺語(yny) with “It”第2頁/共42頁第三頁，共42頁。 It is easy to open a shop but hard to keep it always open. 創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)(chungy)容易守業(yè)難。容易守業(yè)難。 It takes three generations (代代) to make a gentleman. 十年樹木

3、十年樹木, 百年樹人。百年樹人。第3頁/共42頁第四頁，共42頁。Read and analyze the sentences.It is Friday today.It was very cold last Monday. It is about 8:30 now.It is about 25km from Longxian to Bazi.It lies in the south of Shaoguan city.It is 40C ! You got a high fever!Conclusion: it 可以用作非人稱可以用作非人稱(rnchng)代詞代詞, 表示表示_,_, _, _

4、, _, _等。等。dateweathertimedistanceplacetemperature 日期日期(rq)天氣天氣(tinq)時間時間距離距離地點地點溫度溫度第4頁/共42頁第五頁，共42頁。It is obvious that the water was to blame.It is true that he will treat me for breakfast tomorrow.It is certain that our class will do a good job in the final exam.Is it possible that he will become

5、the chairman of our country?It is amazing that at my age I still look like a student!分析分析: it是是 _, 句子真正句子真正(zhnzhng)的主語是的主語是_。Read and analyze the sentences.形式形式(xngsh)主語主語that引導的主語引導的主語(zhy)從句從句第5頁/共42頁第六頁，共42頁。牢記以下牢記以下(yxi)常用于該句型的形容常用于該句型的形容詞詞It is clear/obvious/true/possible/certain/amazing/ridic

6、ulous等等+ that從句從句.思考思考: 為什么要用為什么要用it做形式主語而把真正做形式主語而把真正主語放到后面去主語放到后面去?遵循英語遵循英語(yn y)語言的尾重原則語言的尾重原則, 避免句子避免句子頭重腳輕。頭重腳輕。第6頁/共42頁第七頁，共42頁。The use of “it”一、一、 用作人稱代詞用作人稱代詞(dic), 代表前面提到的人或代表前面提到的人或事物事物1) Whos it? _ me.2) Look at the picture. _ is a picture of our school.ItsIt二、用于代替指示二、用于代替指示(zhsh)代詞代詞this

7、 和和that。-Is this jacket yours?-Yes, _ is.it第7頁/共42頁第八頁，共42頁。三、用以表示時間、距離、天氣三、用以表示時間、距離、天氣(tinq)、氣候、氣候、 季節(jié)、環(huán)境等季節(jié)、環(huán)境等1)It is half past eight now.2) Its only half an hours walk from here to our school.3) I hope that it will be fine tomorrow.4) It has rained much this year.5) Its spring now.6) Its quiet

8、here.TimeDistanceWeatherWeatherSeasonCircumstance第8頁/共42頁第九頁，共42頁。替代作主語的從句、動詞替代作主語的從句、動詞(dngc)不定不定式、動名詞式、動名詞, 而把真正作主語的從句、而把真正作主語的從句、動詞動詞(dngc)不定式、動名詞置于句尾不定式、動名詞置于句尾。四、四、it 用作形式用作形式(xngsh)主語主語第9頁/共42頁第十頁，共42頁。1. 代作主語代作主語(zhy)的動詞的動詞不定式不定式1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth.此處此處adj. 通常通常(tngchng)為描述事件的形容

9、詞為描述事件的形容詞: easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legalIt is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license.第10頁/共42頁第十一頁，共42頁。2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth.此處此處adj. 通常通常(tngchng)為描述人的形容詞為描述人的形容詞: kind

10、, unkind, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, careful careless, silly, foolish, stupid, clever, wise, crazy.Its kind of you to help me with the problem.第11頁/共42頁第十二頁，共42頁。Its no good/use doingIts (well) worth doingIts (well) worth while doing/ to doIts no use crying over spilt milk.3) It替代作主語替代作主語(zhy)的

11、動名詞的常見句型的動名詞的常見句型第12頁/共42頁第十三頁，共42頁。2. it作形式主語作形式主語(zhy)替代主語替代主語(zhy)從句從句It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain ) that .該句型中該句型中it 是形式主語是形式主語, 真正的主語是真正的主語是that 引導的主語從句引導的主語從句, 常譯為常譯為“清楚清楚(顯然顯然, 真的真的(zhn de)”, 是主語從句最常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。是主語從句最常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g. It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tr

12、ee. It is adj. + clause 第13頁/共42頁第十四頁，共42頁。It is said (reported/ learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.) that . 該句型中的該句型中的it 仍是形式仍是形式(xngsh)主語主語, 真正主語是真正主語是that 引導的主語從句引導的主語從句; 該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為“據(jù)說據(jù)說(據(jù)報道據(jù)報道, 據(jù)悉據(jù)悉)”。It is said that he has come to Beijing.It is reported that another earth satellite has

13、 been put into orbit.It is v-ed that=sb./sth. is to do 第14頁/共42頁第十五頁，共42頁。 It is + noun + 從句從句(cn j) It is a pity (a shame /an honor /a good thing/a fact /a surprise/. ) that . 該句型中該句型中, that后的從句一般后的從句一般(ybn)用虛擬語氣用虛擬語氣(should + 動詞原形動詞原形), should可省去。表示可省去。表示出乎意料出乎意料, 常譯為常譯為“竟然竟然”。沒有這種意義時。沒有這種意義時, 則不用

14、虛擬語氣。如：則不用虛擬語氣。如：第15頁/共42頁第十六頁，共42頁。It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class. 這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上, 真是遺憾真是遺憾(yhn)！It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了他生病了, 真遺憾真遺憾(yhn)！第16頁/共42頁第十七頁，共42頁。五、五、it作形式作形式(xngsh)賓語賓語 當復合賓語中的賓語是不定式、動名詞賓語從句當復合賓語中的賓語是不定式、動名詞賓語從句時時, 往往把賓語放在它的補足語后面，而用往往把賓語

15、放在它的補足語后面，而用it 作作形式賓語形式賓語, 放在賓語補足語之前。放在賓語補足語之前。 該句型該句型(j xn)中的中的it 作形式賓語作形式賓語, 常用的動詞常用的動詞有有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。等。 第17頁/共42頁第十八頁，共42頁。I think it no use arguing with him.我認為和他爭吵沒有我認為和他爭吵沒有(mi yu)用。用。I found it very interesting to study English.我發(fā)現(xiàn)學英語非常有趣。我發(fā)現(xiàn)學英語非常有趣。He made it c

16、lear that he was notinterested in this subject.他非常清楚地表示他對那門學科不感興趣。他非常清楚地表示他對那門學科不感興趣。 第18頁/共42頁第十九頁，共42頁。六、用于強調(diào)六、用于強調(diào)(qing dio)句型中句型中It + be+被強調(diào)部分被強調(diào)部分(b fen) + that/who(a person)從句從句I met Tom in the park yesterday.1) It was I who met Tom in the park yesterday.2) It was Tom who I met in the park yes

17、terday.3) It was in the park that I met Tom yesterday.4) It was yesterday that I met Tom in the park.It was five oclock _ I got home.It was at five oclock _ I got home.whenthat第19頁/共42頁第二十頁，共42頁。It is not until + 被強調(diào)部分被強調(diào)部分 + that . 該句型也是強調(diào)句型。主要用于強凋時間狀語該句型也是強調(diào)句型。主要用于強凋時間狀語, 譯成漢語譯成漢語(Hny) “直到直到才才”, 可

18、以說是可以說是not . until . 的強調(diào)形式。如的強調(diào)形式。如: It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.第20頁/共4

19、2頁第二十一頁，共42頁。1)It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. (92)A. when, that B. until, when C. until, that D. when, then2) It was not until _ that _ to prepare his lessons. (91)A. did his father come in, the boy beganB. did his father come in, did the boy begi

20、nC. his father came in, did the boy beginD. his father came in, the boy beganCD第21頁/共42頁第二十二頁，共42頁。強調(diào)句用以強調(diào)主語強調(diào)句用以強調(diào)主語, 賓語賓語, 介詞賓語以及介詞賓語以及(yj)狀語。狀語。(強調(diào)人時用強調(diào)人時用that和和who/whom皆可皆可)It was she who that had been wrong是她錯了。是她錯了。 ( ) It was the girl whom that I met just now我剛才遇見的就是這個女孩。我剛才遇見的就是這個女孩。 ( ) It

21、was Tom to whom the teacher had talked老師與其談話的那個人是湯姆。老師與其談話的那個人是湯姆。 ( ) It was on Monday night that all this happened所有這一切就是在星期一的晚上發(fā)生的。所有這一切就是在星期一的晚上發(fā)生的。( )主語主語(zhy)賓語賓語(bny)介詞賓語介詞賓語狀語狀語第22頁/共42頁第二十三頁，共42頁。七、七、it 常用的固定常用的固定(gdng)搭配搭配 1. make it2. 在口語當中相當于在口語當中相當于succeed, 表示表示: 成功、成功、3. 做到、說定、趕上做到、說定、

22、趕上(n shn)、及時到達、及時到達 如如: 4. Its hard to make it to the top in show business.5. 2) 在口語中相當于在口語中相當于fix the date for, 表示表示6. “約定好時間約定好時間” 如如: 7. Shall we meet next week?8. OK. We just make it next Saturday.第23頁/共42頁第二十四頁，共42頁。2. take it/things easy 相當于相當于Dont worry or dont hurry. 用來勸告用來勸告別人別人(birn), 表示表示

23、“不要慌不要慌, 別擔心別擔心, 沉住氣沉住氣”Take it easy！He will do it well.3. It all depends/that all depends 在口語中在口語中, 相當于相當于it hasnt been decided yet, 表示表示“那那得看情況得看情況, 還沒有定下來還沒有定下來”Are you going to the countryside for holiday?It/That all depends.第24頁/共42頁第二十五頁，共42頁。4. Its up to sb. 在口語中在口語中, 相當于相當于its decided by sb.

24、 表示表示(biosh)“由由決定決定, 由由負責負責, 取決于取決于” Shall we go out for dinner？ Its up to you.第25頁/共42頁第二十六頁，共42頁。高考鏈接高考鏈接(lin ji)1. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held. (天津天津2007) A. this B. that C. it D. these 2. _ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger,

25、 more prosperous economy. (浙江浙江2006)A. As B. ThatC. This D. ItCD第26頁/共42頁第二十七頁，共42頁。3. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. (2005全國全國(qun u)A. it B. she C. which D. he4. Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. (山東山東2006)A.

26、thatB. it C. this D. youAB第27頁/共42頁第二十八頁，共42頁。5. It was _ he came back from Africa that year_ he met the girl he would like to marry. (江西江西(jin x)2009)A. when; then B. not; untilC. not until; that D. olny, when6. It was along the Missippi River _Mark Twain spent much of hid childhood.(天津天津2008)A. ho

27、w B. which C. that D. whereC C 第28頁/共42頁第二十九頁，共42頁。改錯改錯(i cu)You wont find difficult to get to the city center. (2004全國全國)2. I know there is not easy to be a teacher. (2004湖北湖北)3. This is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was regarded as “the best car in the world”.find后加后加itthere itThis It第29頁/共

28、42頁第三十頁，共42頁。Exercises:1. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C.these D. them 2. In which play is _ your brother will appear? A. that where B. this when C. it that D. it where3. _ the harder you work, the better result youll get. A. Its believed that B. What we believed t

29、hat C. Its fact D. What the fact isACA第30頁/共42頁第三十一頁，共42頁。4. Nothing can stop us, _? A. cant it B. can it C. cant we D. can we5. -Can you tell us how the war was won in the end ? - I dont know, _. A. Its hard to say B. It doesnt matter C. Its no use saying D. It depends on the workBA第31頁/共42頁第三十二頁，共

30、42頁。6. Does _ matter a lot whether she will come here by bus or by taxi? A. The thing B. that C. it D. her mother7. -Listen! Someone is unlocking the goods. -_ must be your father coming back from Beijing. A. It B. There C. That D. ThisCA第32頁/共42頁第三十三頁，共42頁。8. -Have you written a letter to her ? -No

31、, but Im going to write _ tonight. A. it B. that C. those D. one9. - Are they coming to the meeting? - _. A. I know so B. I am sure so C. I am sure of it D. I question it10. _ now pretty late, we took candles and went upstairs. A. Being B. For C. For being D. It beingDAD第33頁/共42頁第三十四頁，共42頁。11. The t

32、eacher told the students _. A. why to learn English important B. why was it important to learn English C. why it important to learn English D. why it was important to learn English12. The TV sets made in China are much better than _ in Japan. A. that B. those C. them D. itDB第34頁/共42頁第三十五頁，共42頁。13. O

33、ur food and service are better than _ used to be. A. It B. we C. they D. them14. -Im looking for a flat. -Would you like _ with _ garden? A. it; the B. it; a C. one; a D. one; the15. _ four years since I joined the Army. A. It was B. It is C. There is D. There wasCCB第35頁/共42頁第三十六頁，共42頁。1. Im still f

34、it enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon. That is amazing. It is amazing that I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.2. My father has quit smoking. That is wonderful. It is wonderful that my father has quit smoking.Rewrite the following sentences, using “Its that”.第36頁/共42頁第三十七頁，共42頁。3. You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. ( It is likely). It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smo