（整理版高中英語）高考英語專題總復習精選薈萃閱讀簡答系列（二）

1、高考英語專題總復習精選薈萃閱讀簡答系列二passage 1like fine food，good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last. and good writers，good cooks，do not suddenly appear full­blown. quite the contrary，just as the cook has to undergo an intensive and hardworking training，mas

2、tering the skills of his trade，the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style in his writing，whatever its purposeschoolwork，matters of business，or purely social communication. you may be sure that the more painstaking the effort，the more effective the writing and the more

3、 rewarding.there are still some remote places in the world where you might find a public scribe (抄寫員) to do his / her business or social writing for a fee. there are a few managers who are lucky enough to have the service of that rare kind of secretary who can take care of all sorts of letter writin

4、g with no more than a quick note. but for most of us，if there is any writing to be done，we have to do it ourselves.we have to write school papers，business papers or home papers. we are constantly called on to put words to paper. it would be difficult to count the number of such words，messages，letter

5、s，and reports put into the mails or delivered by hand，but the daily figure must be enormous. what is more，everyone who writes expects，or at least hopes，that his writing will be read. we want to arouse and hold the interest of the readers. we want whatever we write to be read，from first word to last，

6、not just thrown into some “l(fā)etters­to­be­read file (檔案)or into a wastepaper basket. this is the reason we make our efforts towards learning and practicing the skills of interesting，effective writing.1what is good writing compared to in this passage and why? (no more than 10 words)_2fi

7、nd in the passage a word closest in meaning to the underlined word “painstaking_3according to the author，if your letter is thrown into some “l(fā)etters­to­be­read file，what will be likely to happen? (no more than 6 words)_4. what's the main idea of this passage? (no more than 8 words

8、)_【答案解析】1fine food. because they are both enjoyable.由文章的主題句，首段首句like fine food，good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last.可知答案。2hardworking.由第一段中對好的書寫者和好廚師之間的共性所進行的比擬可知，兩者都不是一蹴而就的，都需要付出艱辛。首段尾句中的畫線詞painstaking和段中出現(xiàn)的hardworking是同義詞。3it is likely to b

9、e forgotten. / it may not be read.由文章最后一段的后半局部內(nèi)容可知，每一位書寫者都希望自己寫的東西會激起或保持讀者的興趣、會有人讀，而不是被扔進廢紙簍無人理會。4a brief introduction of good writing.passage 2marti sementelli has been a baseball player since preschool，throwing plastic balls and swinging a tiny wood bat from the time she was 3 years old. she was a

10、 solid player at every youth level，and sometimes a star. in ，nike even featured the young californian in a tv commercial.despite her experience，sementelli，now 16，had a hard time finding a high school that would allow her to try out for the boys' baseball team.two parochial schools (教會) near her

11、family's home in north hollywood said no，and several public schools were lukewarm (冷淡的) to the idea. finally，she found burbank high school，where she's now a sophomore and a member of the jv baseball team.sementelli's story is not unique. across the country，girls devoted to baseballand wi

12、th as many seasons of youth ball under their belts as their male teammatesare finding it isn't easy to stay in the sport when they reach high school.biology does play a role in the situation：boys，especially older ones，often have an edge over girls in size and strength，allowing them to throw hard

13、er and swing with greater force. but girls say that the toughest battles are not about capabilities，but against the traditional attitude that baseball is for boys.“most people just are incapable of seeing beyond what's easy， says jennifer ring，the author of stolen bases：why american girls don

14、9;t play baseball，and a professor at the university of nevada reno.“it is much neater if we say boys play baseball and girls play other sports. in at least one state，massachusetts，girls are prevented from trying out for boys' baseball in high schools that also offer softball. nebraska dropped it

15、s ban last year，and in january，indiana removed its ban after being sued (控告) by the parents of logan young，a 15yearold aspiring catcher and freshman at bloomington south high school.1when did sementelli begin to play baseball? (no more than 6 words)_2where did sementelli stay in a baseball team? (no

16、 more than 6 words)_3what does the author think about girls' capabilities in baseball? (no more than 10 words)_4where are girls allowed to play baseball? (no more than 4 words)_【答案解析】1when she was three.由首段首句marti sementelli has been a baseball player since preschool，throwing plastic balls and s

17、winging a tiny wood bat from the time she was 3 years old.可知答案。2in burbank high school.由第三段尾句finally，she found burbank high school，where she's now a sophomore and a member of the jv baseball team.可知答案。3they are not as strong and powerful as boys.由第五段首句biology does play a role in the situation：bo

18、ys，especially older ones，often have an edge over girls in size and strength，allowing them to throw harder and swing with greater force.可知答案。作者認為造成現(xiàn)狀的原因是生理方面的因素：女孩子不如男孩子強壯和有力量。4in nebraska and indiana.由最后一段可知在nebraska和indiana允許女生參與這一運動工程。passage 3beauty has always been regarded as something praisewor

19、thy. almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier，have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告)but in the administrative circle，beauty can become a

20、 liability. although attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the administration ladder，it is harmful to a woman.handsome male administrators were considered to be more honest than plainer men，though effort and ability were also thought to account for their success.attractive fema

21、le administrators were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones，and very often their success was believed to be connected not to ability but to factors such as luck. why are attractive women not thought to be able? an attractive woman is considered to be more feminine (女性的) and an attr

22、active man more masculine (男性的) than the less attractive woman. thus an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs，but in a traditionally masculine position an attractive woman appears to lack the “masculine qualities required.this is true even in politics.“when the only clue is

23、how he or she looks，people treat men and women differently， says anne bowman，who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. she asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs，one of men and one of women，in order of attractiveness. then th

24、e students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. they were asked to rank them again，in the order they would vote for them.the results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men，but the women who had been ranked most attractive unchangeably receive

25、d the fewest votes.1. what do people think of attractive female administrator's success according to paragraph 3？(no more than 14 words)_2according to this passage，in what jobs do attractive women have their advantages? (no more than 5 words)_3find in the passage a word which has the opposite me

26、aning to the underlined word._4what is the main idea of the passage? (no more than 12 words)_【答案解析】1their success is considered to be connected not to ability but to luck.根據(jù)文章第三段第一句可知答案。2in traditionally female jobs.由第三段最后一句thus an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs.可知答案。

27、3advantage. 本文開始講了美的好處，由but 和下句的it is harmful to a woman可知liability的意思是“不好，有害。文中第三段最后一句出現(xiàn)了advantage，可以作為畫線單詞的反義詞。4(the passage mainly talks about) the advantages and disadvantages of being beautiful.本文通過分析美在男性和女性工作方面的影響而說明了美的優(yōu)點和缺點。passage 4the worst us economic recession (蕭條) in 70 years is forcing

28、senior citizens out of retirement，leaving them fighting for jobs in a weak labor market or risking homelessness.a study by experience works，released on tuesday，showed 46 percent of the 2,000 low income people over 55 years who participated needed to find work to keep their homes. nearly half of them

29、 had been searching for work for more than a year.“these people are at the age where they understandably thought their job­searching years were behind them， said cynthia metzler，president and ceo of experience works.“but here they are，many in their 60s,70s and beyond，desperate to find work so t

30、hey can keep a roof over their heads and food on the table.according to the study，many of the participants had no intention of working past their 60th birthday，but had to change plans after being dismissed or following the death of the partner. over a third of the participants had retired.ninety per

31、cent of respondents 76 years and older planned to continue working for the next five years.huge medical bills due to a personal illness or that of a spouse(配偶) were also reasons for coming out of retirement，the survey found. the longest and deepest economic slump since the 1930s is making finding a

32、job for the low­income elderly workers a difficult challenge.the experience works study found that 46 percent of the elderly job seekers were sometimes forced to choose between paying rent，buying food or medication. almost three­quarters believed their age made it harder to compete for job

33、s with younger workers.“this study underscores calls for the need to create policies that remove barriers to employment for older workers and provide additional programs and services specifically aimed at helping older people reenter the work force or remain working， said metzler.1what has caused th

34、e american retired senior citizens back to work? (no more than 8 words)_2why is it hard for the elderly job seekers to find a job? (no more than 13 words)_3use several words to describe the possible feelings of the elderly job seekers? (no more than 4 words)_4what might be the solution to the proble

35、m according to the study? (no more than 12 words)_【答案解析】1the worst us economic recession (in 70 years)由文章首段the worst us economic recession(蕭條) in 70 years is forcing senior citizens out of retirement，leaving them fighting for jobs in a weak labor market or risking homelessness.可知答案。2(because) their

36、age made it hard to compete for jobs with younger workers. / (because) they are too old to compete for jobs with younger workers.由第八段尾句almost three­quarters believed their age made it harder to compete for jobs with younger workers.可知答案。3desperate，worried，obliged，upset.綜合第四至八段的描述可知答案。第四段核心信息詞為d

37、esperate；由第五段中的many of the participants had no intention of working past their 60th birthday，but had to change plans.和第六段可以意識到老人們重新找工作是被迫的(obliged)和無奈的；由第七段中的.making finding a job for the low­income elderly workers a difficult challenge以及第八段尾句almost three­quarters believed their age made i

38、t harder to compete for jobs with younger workers.可知他們是憂慮的(worried)、不安的(upset)。4suitable policies should be made to help the elderly work./ policies to help old people with their work should be created. 由尾段可知答案。passage 5even bird brains can get to know an entire continentbut it takes them a year of

39、migration to do so，suggests a princeton research team. the scientists have shown that migrating adult sparrows can find their way to their winter nesting grounds even after being thrown off course by thousands of miles. the team first brought 30 sparrows to princeton from northern washington state，w

40、here the birds had been in the process of migrating southward from their summer breeding grounds in alaska. half the birds were juveniles (少年) of about three months in age that had never migrated before，while the other half were adults that had made the round trip to their wintering site in the sout

41、h­western united states at least once.after the birds were released，they attempted to start their migration again but both age group grew disoriented (迷失方向) quickly. “all the birds scattered (分散) at first， wikelski said.“it was clear that they were turned around for a couple of days. but while

42、the adults eventually realized they had to head southwest，the younger birds began flying straight southward again as though they were still in washington. “the adults， said team member richard holland，“recovered their bearings because they possess something the younger birds do not，which is an inter

43、nal map. “these birds need two things to know where they are and migrate effectively：a map and a compass， said holland，a postdoctoral research associate in wikelski's lab.“what we've found is that juveniles use their compass，but the adults also use their map. holland said，“the birds do not lose the c