初中英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句

1、真誠(chéng)為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當(dāng)之處，請(qǐng)指正。 初中英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句【狀語(yǔ)從句】狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞等。狀語(yǔ)從句可以表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、地點(diǎn)、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、方式、比較等意義。 各類(lèi)狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞和相關(guān)例句： 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, beforeWhen she was a little child, she could do a lot to help her mother.當(dāng)她還是個(gè)小孩時(shí)，她就可以幫她母親做許多事了。 條件狀語(yǔ)從句：if, unless,as/

2、so long as(只要) As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活著，我就要學(xué)習(xí)。原因狀語(yǔ)從句：as, because, sinceSince we live near the sea, we can enjoy nice weather.由于我們住在海邊，能享受到好的天氣。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：where Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我們都能看到的位置。目的狀語(yǔ)從句：so that(為了), in order that Finish this so that you can start anot

3、her.把這個(gè)做完，（為了）你可以開(kāi)始另一個(gè)。結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：sothat, suchthat He was so angry that he couldnt say a word. 他氣得說(shuō)不出話了。讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：though, although, even if, however Though he is in poor health, he works hard.雖然他身體不好，但是他工作很努力。方式狀語(yǔ)從句：asStudents do as the teachers say.學(xué)生們按照老師說(shuō)的去做。比較狀語(yǔ)從句：than, (not)asas,The work isnt as easy

4、as I thought.這項(xiàng)工作比我想象得難。1. 易混引導(dǎo)詞while, when, as的區(qū)別：when可以和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，也可以和短暫性動(dòng)詞連用；而while只能和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用。如：When he came in, his mother was cooking.When (While) we were at school, we went to the library every day.when從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前、之后或同時(shí)發(fā)生；while和as從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作必須是和主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。While表示時(shí)間段,因此，while 從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：

5、Please dont talk so loud while others are working.As與when用法相似，但著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作與從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，有隨著或一邊一邊之意。如：As you get older, you get more knowledge.隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，你獲得的知識(shí)就越多。在將來(lái)時(shí)從句中，常用when，且從句須用一般時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。When the manager comes here for a visit next week，Ill talk with him about this下周，經(jīng)理來(lái)這參觀時(shí)，我會(huì)和他談?wù)劥耸隆?Because,as,since 的區(qū)

6、別：because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的問(wèn)題，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)；as用于說(shuō)明原因, 著重點(diǎn)在主句，常譯成由于；since表示顯然的或已知的理由或事實(shí)，常譯成既然。如：Water is very important because we cant live without it.He didnt come yesterday as his mother was ill.Ill do it for you since you are busy.3suchthat, sothat, so that 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：such是形容詞，修飾名詞; so 是副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞。其結(jié)構(gòu)如下：

7、1) such + a (n)+ 形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that2) such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that 3) such +形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+that。如：This was such a good film that I went to see it several times.These were such good books that they sell well.It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.He spoke so fast that I couldnt follow him.He is such a lo

8、vely boy that we all like him.=He is so lovely a boy that we all like him.注：在形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)名詞前有many, much, few, little表示數(shù)量的多少時(shí)，名詞前用so。如：She made so many mistakes that she didnt pass the exam.so that 既可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句又可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可譯為為了 ,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可譯為以便 如I speak loudly so that all the students

9、can hear me clearly.(目的狀語(yǔ)從句) Maria likes the woolen dress so much that she decides to buy it at once .(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句) so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞。引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句中一般不用can和may等詞。 狀語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)1. Teresa is _ nervous _ she cant talk in front of the class.A. such, that B. t

10、oo, to C. so, that2. - Whats your plan for the summer holidays?-Ill go to Beijing_ the school term ends.A. in order that B. so that C. as soon as D. even though3. - Well go for a picnic if it _ this Sunday.- Wish you a lovely weekend.A. rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain D. isnt raining 4. If our gove

11、rnment _attention to controlling food safety now, our health _in danger.A. wont pay, is B. doesnt pay, is C. wont pay, will be D. doesnt pay, will be5. Excuse me Could you wake me up when my friend_ here? Of course. But we still dont know when your friend _ here.A. comes; will come B. comes； comesC.

12、 will come; comes D. will come； will come6. I want to know when Mr. Brown will arrive. When he _ , I will tell you.A. will arrive B. arrived C. arrives 7. _ I was in the US, I made a lot of American friends.A. While B. Although C. Unless D. Until8. What would happen if he _ back home?A. go B. goes C

13、. went9.-Do you know if we will go for a picnic this Saturday? -I think we will if we _ any classes.A. won t have B. didnt t have C. dont have D. aren t having10.The bus driver always says to us ,“Dont get off_ the bus stops.”A. when B. while C .until D. if 11. _ he has little knowledge, the old wor

14、ker has a lot of experience.A. Although. B. Because. C. If【賓語(yǔ)從句】（一） 賓語(yǔ)從句的種類(lèi)賓語(yǔ)從句是一種名詞性從句，在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，或形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的不同連詞，賓語(yǔ)從句可分為三類(lèi)。1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。that只有語(yǔ)法作用，沒(méi)有實(shí)在的意義，在口語(yǔ)和非正式文體中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.2. 由連接代詞who, whom, wh

15、ose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。例如： He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me

16、 whether (if) I could help him.（二）賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為陳述句的語(yǔ)序。例如： I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you w I can get to zoo? Please tell me when wetell me holl have the meeting.（三）賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài) 1. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句該用什么時(shí)態(tài)就用什么時(shí)態(tài)。如： I dont think (that) you are right. Can you tell me how I can get

17、 to the railway station?Do you think he will come tomorrow?2. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（一般過(guò)去時(shí)， 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)， 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。例如： He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter.3. 如果賓語(yǔ)從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如： Our teacher said that Janu

18、ary is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.賓語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)1、Do you know how much hot water _?AMum is needed Bdoes Mum needCMum needsDdid Mum need2、Can you tell me_?Awhere he is Bwhere is heChe is whereDwhat is he3、I didnt know how_to London?Awould they goBa

19、re they goingCthey would goDthey are going4、I want to know how long_Ahas he been back Bhas he come backChe has been back Dhe has come back5、Do you know_?Awhat the news are Bwhat is the newsCwhat the news isDwhat are the news6、He said he would help me with my maths if he_freeAwas Bwill be Cwould beDi

20、s7、He will write to you as soon as he _to ShanghaiAgets Bis getting Cwill getDshall get8、Father_music when he_youngAlikedwasBlikedisClikeswasDlikesis9、I liked sports_I was youngAso much asBso much thatCvery much when Dvery much because10、_ mother got home， I was tidying my roomAAfterBWhenCAs soon as DBefore11、The teacher didnt begin her class_the students stopped talkingAuntilBbecauseCafter Dwhen12、If it_tomorrow， well go to the