年北京高考英語試題

1、2017 年普通高等學(xué)校全國招生統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）英語第二部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)， 45 分）第一節(jié) 單項填空（共15 小題；每小題 1 分，共 15 分）從每題所給的 A 、 B、 C、 D 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。21. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books on the topshelf.A. must B. shouldC. canD. need22. Peter, please send us postcards we ll know where you ha

2、ve visited. No problem.A. butB. orC. forD. so23. Every year, makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the KiteFestival.A. whatever B. whoeverC. whomeverD. whichever24. that company to see how they think of our product yesterday? Yes. They are happy with it.A. Did you call B. Have you called

3、C. Will you callD. Wereyou calling25. birds use their feathers for flight, someof their feathers are for otherpurposes.A. OnceB. IfC. AlthoughD. Because26. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing she washeading.A. whyB.where27. Manyairlinesnow allowtheir valuable time.A. saveB.s

4、avingC. howpassengers to print theirC. to saveD. whenboarding passes online D. saved28. If you don t understand something, you mayresearch, study, and talk to otherpeople you figure it out.A. becauseB. thoughC. untilD. since29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and w

5、ireless phones yet.A. haven t inventedB. haven t been inventedC. hadn t inventedD. hadn t been invented30. The national park has a large collection of wildlife, from butterfliesto elephants.A. rangingB. rangeC. to rangeD. ranged31. The little problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations f

6、orgreat inventions.A. thatB. asC. whereD. when with his students.32. Jim has retired, but he still rememberthe happy timeA. to spendB. spendC. spendingD. spent33. Peoplebetter access to health care than they used to, and they re livinglonger as a result.A. will have B. haveC. hadD. had had34. If the

7、 new safety system to use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been put B. were putC. should be put D. would be put35. Many people who live along the coast make a living fishing industry.A. atB. inC. onD. by第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、G D四個選項中，選出最佳選項， 并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Hann

8、ahTaylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada. Oneday, when she was five years old, she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man 36 out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very 37 . She c

9、ouldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could 38 , but, of course, there is not a lot one five-year-old can do to solve （解決）the problem of homelessness.Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another hom

10、eless person. It was a woman, 39 an old shopping trolley（購物車）which was piled with 40 . Itseemed that everything the womanowned was in them. This made Hannahvery sad, and even more 41 to do something. She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people 42 they first saw the homeless

11、 man. Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem t hat made her sad, she wouldn ' t 43 as bad.Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to 44 _her_message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foundation,

12、 an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. Shebegan to 45_"Big Bosses " lunches, where she would try to persuade localbusiness Leaders to 46 to the cause. She also organized a fundraising （募捐）drive in “Ladybug Jars" to collect everyone' s spare change during “MakeChan

13、gS month. More recently, the foundation began another 47 called National Red Scarf Day - a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada' s48 and homeless.There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “HannaH s Place” , something that Hannah is very 49 of. Hannah '

14、s Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people whenit is so cold that 50 outdoors can meandeath. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of 51 For example, she received the 2007 BRICKAward recognizing the 52 of young people to change

15、 the world. But 53 all this, Hannahstill has the 54 life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.Hannahis one of many examples of young people who are making a 55 in the world. You can, too!36. A. jumpingB. eating C. crying D. wavingC. ashamed D. upsetC. help

16、D. work37. A. annoyedB. nervous38. A. behaveB. manage39. A. pushingB. carrying C. buying D. holding40. A. goods B. bottles C. foods D. bags41. A. excitedB. determined C. energetic D. grateful42. A.sinceB. unless43. A.soundB. get44. A.exchangeB. leaveC. althoughD. asC. feelD. lookC. keepD. spread45.

17、A. sell46. A. contribute47. A. campaign48. A. elderly49. A. aware50. A. goingB. deliverB. leadC. hostC. applyD. packD. agreeB. tripC. procedureD. trialB. hungryC. lonelyD. sickB. afraidC. proudD. sureB. sleepingC. travelingD. playingC. repliesB. invitations51. A. praisesD. appointments52. A. needsB.

18、 interests C. dreams D. efforts53. A. forB. through C. besides D. along54. A. healthyB. publicC. normalD. tough55. A. choiceB. profitC. judgment D. difference三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，第一節(jié) （共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，共30 分）上將該項涂黑。A、B、 C、 D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina.The girls on

19、the WesleyanAcademysoftball were waiting for their next turns at batduring practice, stampingtheir feet to stay warm, Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(發(fā)抖 ) a little asshe watch ed her teammate Paris White play. The two didnt know each other well Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before

20、.Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground, “ Paris s eye rolled back, ” Taylor says.She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.40 分）It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediatemedical care, Paris would die. At first no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the sof

21、tball coach shouted out,“ Does anyone know CPR?”CPR is a life-saving technique . To do CPR, you press on the sick person s chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly.Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before.

22、 Still, she hesitated. She didn t think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR,“It was scary. I knew it wasthe difference between life and death. ” says Taylor.Taylor s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911.Two m

23、ore ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic devices（ 器械 ） that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them; Paris heartbeat returned.“ I know I was really lucky, ” Paris says now. “ Most people don t survive this. My team saved my life. ”Experts say Pari

24、s is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon.She wants to be a nurse. “ I feel more confident in my actions now, ” Taylor says.“ I know I ca

25、n act under pressure in a scary situation.”56 .What happened to Paris on a March day?A. She caught a bad cold.B. She had a sudden heart problem.C. She was knocked down by a ball.D. She shivered terribly during practice57 .Why does Paris say she was lucky?A. She made a worthy friend.C. She received i

26、mmediate CPR.B. She recovered from shock.D. She came back on the softball team.58.Which of the following words can best describe Taylor?A. Enthusiastic and kind.C. Cooperative and generous.Inspiring young minds!B. Courageous and calm.D. Ambitious and professional.BTOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the

27、 world of childrens publishing, bringinga unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.What is so special about TOKNOW What' s inside?Smunds:itnebgood to be true?Every month the magazine introduces aTWkelaitlhas nonads orerodenceisshows ' aigside thing when

28、they see it and recommen dnspyadirthday Aam指cked with serious ideas.that thousands of teachers and parents kno d tokNow newheifends. witharticles，experimentsand creative things to make theWhat could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox everymonth? The first magazine with y

29、our gift messagewill arrive in time for the specialday.SUBSCRIBE NOW Annual SubscriptionEurope £55 Rest of World £65 Annual Subscription with Gift PackIncludes a Mammoth Map, a passport Puzzle Booklet, and SubscriptionEurope £60 Rest of World £70Refund Policy the subscription can

30、 be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.59. Why is TOKNOW a special magazine?A. It entertains young parents.B. It provides serious advertisements.C. It publishes popular science fictions.D. It combines fun with complexconcepts.60. What does TOKNOW offer its readers?A. Online cou

31、rses.C. Lectures on a balanced life.B. Articles on new topics.D. Reports on scientific discoveries.61. Howmuchshould you pay if you make a 12-mouth subscription to TOKNOWth giftpack from China?A. £55.B. £60.C. £65.D. £70.62. Subscribers of TOKNOW would getA. free birthday present

32、sB. full refund within 28 daysC. membership of the TOKNOW clubD. chances to meet the experts inpersonMeasles（麻疹），which once killed450 children each year and disabled even more,was nearly wiped out in the United States14 years ago by the universal use of theMMR vaccine（疫苗）.But the disease is making a

33、 comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccin

34、ation rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called“ herd immunity ” , which protectsthe people whoget hurt easily, including those who can t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whomthe vaccine d

35、oesn t work.But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.That s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where

36、 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly makeothers suffer.Making things worse are

37、state laws that make it too easy to opt out（ 決定不 參加 ） of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption （豁免 ）, sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.Now, several states are mo

38、ving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they ll

39、exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.63. The first two paragraphs suggest that .A. a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trendB. the outbreak of measles attracts the public attentionC. anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasonsD. information about measles spreads qui

40、ckly64. Herd immunity works well when .A. exemptions are allowedB. several vaccines are used togetherC. the whole neighborhood is involved inD. new regulations are added to the state laws65. What is the main reason for the comeback of measles? founded the field of cybernetics （控制論） , put it this way

41、: “ If weuse, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere（ 干預(yù) ）, we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is th e purpose which we really desire. ”A. The overuse of vaccine.C. The features of measles itself. people.66. Wh

42、at is the purpose of the passage?A. To introduce the idea of exemption. measles.C. To stress the importance of vaccination. medical treatment.DHollywood s theory that machines with evil(B. The lack of medical care.D. The vaccine opt-outsof someB. To discussmethods to cureD. To appeal for equal right

43、s in邪惡 ) minds will drive armies ofkiller robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility thatartificial intelligence(AI) maybecomeextremely good at achieving something otherthan what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, whoA machine with a specific pu

44、rpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its ownexistence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpos

45、e if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, wecould face a kind of global chess match a

46、gainst very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Someresearchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a

47、kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.Solving the safety problem well

48、enough to moveforward in AI seemsto be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long

49、 as they work in teams yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just“switch them off ” as if super intelligentmachines are too stupid to think of that possibility.Stillothers think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous

50、 physicist ErnestRutherford stated, with confidence,“Anyone who expects a source of power in thetransformation of these atoms is talking moonshine." However, on S eptember 12,1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced（中子誘導(dǎo)）nuclear chainreaction.67. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that

51、 artificial intelligence may . A. run out of human controlB. satisfy human ' s real desiresC. command armies of killer robotsD. work faster than a mathematician68. Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to .A. prevent themselves from b

52、eing destroyedB achieve their original goals independentlyC. do anything successfully with given ordersD. beat humans in international chess matches69. According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to . A. help super intelligent machines work betterB. be secure against evil human beingsC. keep

53、 machines from being harmedD. avoid robots ' affecting the world70. What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?A. It will disappear with the development of AI.B. It will get worse with human interference.C. It will be solved but with difficulty.D. It will stay

54、 for a decade.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項 為多余選項。Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 71 One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen newmemories. 72 We know that, while awake, fre

55、sh memories are recorded by reinforcing （力口強(qiáng)）connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons（神經(jīng)元）in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for f

56、resh memories to form the next day. 73Nowwe have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 74 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weakenwhile sleeping.If Tononi '

57、s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night' s,we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn newinformation our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the samesize. 75"You keep what matters, “ Tononisays.A. We should also