陳述句疑問(wèn)句祈使句感嘆句

1、句子（ 陳述句，疑問(wèn)句，感嘆句，祈使句）一、陳述句 ：是用來(lái)陳述一件事情或表示一種看法，可分為肯定句和否定句兩 種形式。1、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 be 動(dòng)詞 ,助動(dòng)詞 have, has, will, 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can 等時(shí)，只要直接 在這些詞后面加 not 就構(gòu)成否定形式。eg. Lily has already read this new book. （ 改為否定句 ）Lily this new book .2、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞而又沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，必須在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加助 動(dòng)詞，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)加助動(dòng)詞 do ，第三人稱單數(shù)加 does ，一般過(guò)去時(shí)加 did ， 再和 not 構(gòu)成否定結(jié)構(gòu)。必須指

2、出的是： don't, doesn't, didn't 后都用動(dòng)詞原 形。eg.1）Jill has lunch at school every day. （改為否定句 ）Jill lunch at school every day.2）The children had a good time at the party. （改為否定句 ）The children a good time at the party.3）Rose didn't drink any milk this morning. （改為肯定句 ）Rose milk this morning.二、

3、疑問(wèn)句 ：是用來(lái)提出問(wèn)題的句子。A .一般疑問(wèn)句：以 be 動(dòng)詞, have /has/do 等助動(dòng)詞、 can/may 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞開(kāi) 頭，以 yes 或 no 來(lái)回答的問(wèn)句。它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： Be/Have /Has/Did 等助動(dòng)詞（包括情態(tài)動(dòng)詞） 主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)（包括表語(yǔ)）+?回答常用簡(jiǎn)略回答 1、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 be 動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，只要直接把這些詞置于句首， 句末改成問(wèn)號(hào)。eg. There's something wrong with his bike. （改成疑問(wèn)句） wrong with his bike?2、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，必須在句首加上助動(dòng)詞 Do 、Does

4、 （三單）、 Did （過(guò)去式）加上這些助動(dòng)詞后，句子中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用原形。eg. 1）Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑問(wèn) 句）Edison a science lab himself when he was ten ？2）Those Japanese like Chinese food. （改成疑問(wèn)句）those Japanese Chinese food? 注意：在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑問(wèn)句的時(shí)候 ,要注意句中是否有 already 、 some 、something 、somebody 等詞，如果有也必須

5、進(jìn)行改變， already 要改 成 yet ，some 、something 、somebody 等分別改成 any 、anything 、anybo dy 等。另外，在改成否定句的時(shí)候注意把 too 改成 either,both 改成 neither, all 改成 none 等 .在改成一般疑問(wèn)句的時(shí)候，常常把第一人稱 I、we 改成第二人 稱 you 。B. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：以疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞開(kāi)頭，提出疑問(wèn)的句子。它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： 特殊疑問(wèn)詞一般疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序。 但是如果疑問(wèn)詞在句子中作主 語(yǔ)或作主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)，就用特殊疑問(wèn)詞陳述句語(yǔ)序。常用的疑問(wèn)詞有： what, who（whom）, who

6、se,which,when,where,how,why 等，回答時(shí)針對(duì)問(wèn)句中的 代詞和副詞來(lái)回答，不用 yes 或 no 來(lái)回答。1）對(duì)指物名詞或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞提出疑問(wèn)，疑問(wèn)詞用 what The twins were making a kite when their mother came in. （劃線提 問(wèn)） the twins when their mother came in? Mrs Turner asked her son to buy some eggs for supper. （劃線提 問(wèn)）Mrs Turner ask her son ?2）對(duì)名詞前定語(yǔ)提出疑問(wèn)，疑問(wèn)詞應(yīng)用 whi

7、ch ，而且必須和名詞連用 I'm going to take the shirt on the right. （劃線提問(wèn)） are you going to take?3）對(duì)指人名詞或代詞提問(wèn)用 who ，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)提問(wèn)用 whom 。 eg.Li Ping,they,his father4）對(duì)物主代詞和名詞所有格提問(wèn)用 whose 。eg. Li Ping's coat f Whose coat my father f Whose father5）對(duì)具體時(shí)間提出疑問(wèn)，如in the morning,last Sunday 等，疑問(wèn)詞用 when ；對(duì)具體幾點(diǎn)鐘提問(wèn)，疑問(wèn)詞應(yīng)用

8、 what time 。6）對(duì)具體地點(diǎn)提出疑問(wèn)，疑問(wèn)詞應(yīng)用where 。The pupils are having a picnic at the foot of the hill. （劃線提問(wèn)） th e pupils having a picnic?7）對(duì)表原因的從句提問(wèn)，常見(jiàn)的有because 引導(dǎo)的從句，疑問(wèn)詞應(yīng)用 why 。Xiao Cheng didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill. （劃線 提問(wèn)） Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us?8）對(duì)方式或程度等提出疑問(wèn)，用疑問(wèn)詞 How 。

9、eg. go by bike like very much9）對(duì)數(shù)量提出疑問(wèn)，疑問(wèn)詞為 How many ，要注意 how many 必須跟名詞的 復(fù)數(shù)形式。eg. two hundred sheep f How many sheep10）對(duì)價(jià)格提出疑問(wèn)，疑問(wèn)詞用 How much 。eg. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater. did you pay for the sweater?11）對(duì)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度提出疑問(wèn)，疑問(wèn)詞應(yīng)用How long 。eg. I've worked in that factory for two years. （劃線提問(wèn)） you

10、worked in that factory?12）對(duì)時(shí)間頻率，如 once a year, twice a week 等提問(wèn)，疑問(wèn)詞用 How oft en 。13）對(duì)具體次數(shù)，如 once, twice, three times 等提問(wèn)，疑問(wèn)詞用 How many times 。eg. did he call you the day before yesterday?Twice.A.What time B.How many times C.How much D.How long14）對(duì) in 一段時(shí)間提問(wèn)，疑問(wèn)詞一般用How soon 。eg. Jane and her brother w

11、ill finish the work in two hours. （劃線提 問(wèn)） Jane and her brother finish the work?15）對(duì)距離提出疑問(wèn)，疑問(wèn)詞用 How far 。eg. It's about two kilometres from here to the country. （劃線提問(wèn)） from here to the country?16）另外，對(duì)日期、星期、天氣等提出疑問(wèn)，則分別用What's the date?What day is it ? 如果是過(guò)去時(shí)間，就用 was 代替 is。What's the weathe

12、r like?練習(xí)題1）She does exercises at home in the evening. （改成否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句）She exercises at home in the evening.she exercises at home in the evening?2）He said something important at the meeting. （改為否定句 ,一般疑問(wèn) 句）He important at the meeting.he important at the meeting?3）It'll take them three weeks to fini

13、sh the work. （劃線提問(wèn)） it take them to finish the work?4）I have to wash all the plates and things after meals. （劃線提問(wèn)） you have to wash all the plates and things?5）The woman in the red coat is her mother. （劃線提問(wèn)） is her mother?6）Li Ping spent twenty yuan on the dictionary. （劃線提問(wèn)） Li Ping on the dictionar

14、y?思考題1）The worker's visited the factory already. （改成否定句、一般疑問(wèn)句）The worker the factory . the worker _ the factory _?2）Both of his parents are workers. （改成否定句）_ of his parents a worker.3）He went to the park with he go to the4）We really enjoyed workingWhat you really enjoy5）She writes to her parents

15、his sister. （劃線提問(wèn)） park?on the farm. （劃線提問(wèn)） ?once a week. （劃線提問(wèn)） she write to her parents?6）Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came. （劃線提問(wèn)） our P.E teacher been at this school?C. 選擇疑問(wèn)句：指提問(wèn)者提供兩種或兩種以上情況 ,讓對(duì)方從中作出選擇的句子。它的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 是：一般疑問(wèn)句 or 一般疑問(wèn)句（后一部分與前一部分相同的成分常常省略） 回答時(shí)，不用 yes 或 no 回答，而是選擇其中一種

16、回答。eg. Would you like chicken or beef? 回答時(shí)用 I'd like beef. 填入"or"或"and": Are they sitting standing in the classroom? The students stopped talking laughing when the teacher came in. Meimei likes boat in g.（用 swim 改成選擇疑問(wèn)句）Meimei boating ?D. 反意疑問(wèn)句：提出情況和看法來(lái)問(wèn)對(duì)方是否同意的句子。 它由兩部分構(gòu)成： 前一

17、部分是對(duì)事物 的陳述，后一部分是簡(jiǎn)短的附加問(wèn)句。1. 如果前一部分是肯定形式，后一部分通常用否定形式；如果前一部分是否定形 式，后部分通常用肯定形式。2. 兩部分的人稱和時(shí)態(tài)必須一致。3. 附加問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的代詞，不能用名詞。4. 附加問(wèn)句動(dòng)詞的否定應(yīng)用縮略形式。1）Bill's sister is going to work in Paris next month. （改成反意疑問(wèn)句）Bill's sister is going to work in Paris next m o n t h , ?2）The Reads don't enjoy living i

18、n China.（ 改成反意疑問(wèn)句 ）The Reads don't enjoy living in Ch i n a,_ ?1、對(duì)于反意疑問(wèn)句的回答，不管問(wèn)題的提法如何，若事實(shí)是肯定的，則用yes來(lái)回答，事實(shí)是否定的，則要用 no 回答。eg. Li Lei never goes to school late,does he? 李雷上學(xué)從不遲到 ,是嗎 不，他遲到。 （事實(shí)是遲到的，則用 yes 回答 . Yes,he does.） 是的，從不遲到。 （事實(shí)是不遲到，則用 no 回答 . No,he doesn't.）2、當(dāng)陳述部分中含有 no, no one, nobody

19、, nothing, never, little, few, h ardly, tooto等否定詞時(shí)，附加疑問(wèn)句部分用肯定形式。eg.1）His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning. （改為反意疑問(wèn)句 ）His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning, ?2）There's nothing wrong with the computer. （改為反意疑問(wèn)句） There's nothing wrong with the computer, ？3、反意問(wèn)句中要注意到有些詞的縮略形式

20、。eg. 's 既是 has 也是 is 的縮略形式。 'd 既是 would 也是 had 的縮略形式。eg. He's already finished his homework.（ 改成反意問(wèn)句 ）He's already finished his homework, ? He's already a little weak in English.（改成反意疑問(wèn)句）He's already a little weak in English,? He's often told to come here.（改成反意疑問(wèn)句）He'

21、s often told to come here, ?4、當(dāng)陳述部分帶有 that 從句作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句的主謂一般應(yīng)與主句保持一致。 但是如果主句動(dòng)詞是 think 時(shí)，附加問(wèn)句的主謂一般應(yīng)與從句主謂保持一致， 如 果 think 是否定形式，附加問(wèn)句的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)是肯定形式。eg. 1.They said that they would call us.（改成反意疑問(wèn)句）They said that they would call us, ?2.I don't think he will come. （改成反意疑問(wèn)句 ）I don't think he will come, ?

22、5、陳述部分主語(yǔ)是 everyone, someone, no one, something, anything 等 不定代詞時(shí)，指人的不定代詞，附加部分主語(yǔ)多用 he 來(lái)代替，指物的不定代詞 主語(yǔ)多用 it 來(lái)代替。6、當(dāng)陳述部分為 there be 句型時(shí)， 附加問(wèn)句部分用 be there 結(jié)構(gòu)的肯定或否 定形式。三、感嘆句： 用來(lái)表達(dá)喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)等強(qiáng)烈感情的句子叫做感嘆句，句末用 感嘆號(hào)。1、 一般用感嘆詞how或what引導(dǎo)，how修飾形容詞或副詞，what修飾名詞。2、how 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： How 形容詞 /副詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)！ （主 謂可省略）eg. How beaut

23、iful the park is!3、What 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句：基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： What + a/an +形容詞+可數(shù)名詞（單數(shù)）+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) ?。ㄖ髦^可?。〆g. What a nice girl （she is）! What +形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（或不可數(shù)名詞）+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！eg. What beautiful flowers they are！ 注意： What 感嘆不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，名詞前面不能加不定冠詞 a/an 。eg. What a good news it is！food!類似的有： What bad weather! What hard work! What delicious練習(xí)

24、題 :（一）1) good kind girl she is!A.How B.What a C.What D.How a2)bad weather!I hope it won ' t last long.A.How B.What C.What a D.How a3) they are listening to the teacher!A.How careful B.What careful C.How carefully D.What carefully 練習(xí)題 :(二)1)He had lunch at home. (用 at school 改選擇問(wèn)句) he lunch at ho

25、me at school?2) He's never late for class. (改反意疑問(wèn)句)He's never late for class, ?3) Mr Brown has few friends in this town. (改反意疑問(wèn)句)Mr Brown has few friends in this town, ?練習(xí)題 :(三)選擇 How 或 What (a/an )填空：(1) . good news for all of us!(2) .interesting book he has in his hand!(3) . badly he hurt

26、himself!(4) .friendly she is to everyone!思考題1)Is Bruce an American an Australian?A.or B.but C.and D.so2)wonderful time we have had.A.How B.How a C.What D.What a3)modern cinema the workers are building.A.How B.How a C.What D.What a4) The twins could swim when they were four. (改為反意問(wèn)句) The twins could swi