英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)期末考試試卷及答案

1、英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)期末考試試卷第一部分選擇題I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. (2%X10=20%)1. Saussure s distinction and Chomsky s are very similar, but they differ in that .A. Saussu

2、re took a sociological view of language while Chomsky took a psychological point of viewB. Saussure took a psychological view of language while Chomsky took a sociological point of viewC. Saussure took a pragmatic view of language while Chomsky took a semantic point of viewD. Saussure took a structu

3、ral view of language while Chomsky took a pragmatic point of view2. Language is a system of vocal symbols used for human communication.A. unnaturalB. artificialC. superficialD. arbitrary3. We are born with the ability to acquire language, .A. and the details of any language system are genetically tr

4、ansmittedB. therefore, we needn t learn the details of our mother tongueC. but the details of language have to be learnt.D. and the details are acquired by instinct4. A(n) is a phonological unit of distinctive value. It is a collection of distinctivephonetic features.A. phoneB. allophoneC. phonemeD.

5、 sound5. The morpheme -ed in the word worked “is a(n)morpheme.A. derivationalB. inflectionalC. freeD. word-forming6. WH-movement is in English which changes a sentence from affirmative tointerrogative.A. obligatoryB. optionalC. selectionalD. arbitrary7. Naming theory, one of the oldest notions conce

6、rning meaning, was proposed by .A. GriceB. PlatoC. SaussureD. Ogden and Richards8. “John married a blond heiress.” “John married a blond. ”A. is synonymous withB. is inconsistent withC. entailsD. presupposes9. In semantic analysis of a sentence, the basic unit is called , which is the abstraction of

7、the meaning of a sentence.A. utteranceB. referenceC. predicationD. morpheme10. In Austin s speech act theory, is the act of expressing the speaker s intention; itis the act performed in saying something.A. a perlocutionary actB. a locutionary actC. a constative actD. an illocutionary act第二部分非選擇題11.

8、Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (1% 10=10%) x12. Prelates the study of language to psychology. It aim

9、s to answer such questionsas how the human mind works when people use language.13. A dstudy of language is a historical study; it studies the historical development oflanguage over a period of time.14. Language is a system, which consists of two sets of structures, or two levels. At the lower level,

10、 there is a structure of meaningless sounds, which can be combined into a large number of meaningful units at the higher level. This design feature is called d.15. The articulatory apparatus of a human being is contained in three important areas: the pharyngeal cavity, the ocavity and the nasal cavi

11、ty.16. The localization of cognitive and perceptual functions in a particular hemisphere of the brain is called l.17. Sfeatures such as stress, tone and intonation can influence the interpretationof meaning.18. Phrase structure rules can generate an infinite number of sentences, and sentences with i

12、nfinite length, due to their rproperties.19. Hrefers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings are identical insound or spelling, or in both.20. Some important missions of historical linguists are to identify and classify families of related languages in a genealogical family tree, and

13、to reconstruct the p, the originalform of a language family that has ceased to exist.21. In Sociolinguistics, speakers are treated as members of social groups. The social group isolated for any given study is called the speech c.( II. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is tru

14、e or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement.(2% x 10=20%)( ) 21. Linguists believe that whatever occurs in the language people use should be described and analyzed in their investigation.( ) 22. Language is arbitrary in the sense that there is no intrinsic

15、connection between words and what these words actually refer to.( ) 23. The conclusions we reach about the phonology of one language can be generalized into the study of another language.( ) 24. The meaning-distinctive function of the tone is especially important in English because English, unlike C

16、hinese, is a typical tone language.( ) 25. The syntactic rules of any language are finite in number, and yet there is no limit to the number of sentences native speakers of that language are able to produce and comprehend.( ) 26. When we think of a concept, we actually try to see the image of someth

17、ing in our mindseye every time we come across a linguistic symbol.can( ) 27. All utterances can be restored to complete sentences. For example,“Good morning! ”be restored to “I wish you a good morning. ”( ) 28. Two people who are born and brought up in the same town and speak the same regional diale

18、ct may speak differently because of a number of social factors.( ) 29. Black English is linguistically inferior to standard English because Black English is not as systematic as standard English.( ) 30. Any child who is capable of acquiring some particular human language is capable of acquiring any

19、human language spontaneously and effortlessly.IV. Directions: Explain the following terms. (3%10=30%) x31. parole:32. broad transcription:33. allophones:34. phrase structure rules:35. context36. Historical Linguistics:37. standard language:38. linguistic taboo:39. acculturation:40. care-taker speech

20、:V. Answer the following questions. (10% 2=20%) x41. Enumerate three causes that lead to the systematic occurrence of errors in second language acquisition and give your examples.42. English has undergone tremendous changes since its Anglo-Saxon days. Identify the major periods in its historical dev

21、elopment and name major historical events that led to the transition from one period to the next.參考答案第一部分選擇題I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. (2% x 10=20%)

22、I. A 2. D 3. C 4. C 5.B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. D第二部分非選擇題II. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (1% 10=1

23、0%) x11. Psycholinguistics12. diachronic13. duality14. oral15. lateralization16. Suprasegmental17. recursive18. Homonymy19. protolanguage20. community( II. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each st

24、atement. (2%X10=20%)( T ) 21. Linguists believe that whatever occurs in the language people use should be described and analyzed in their investigation.( T ) 22. Language is arbitrary in the sense that there is no intrinsic connection between words and what these words actually refer to.( F ) 23. Th

25、e conclusions we reach about the phonology of one language can be generalized into the study of another language.( F ) 24. The meaning-distinctive function of the tone is especially important in English because English, unlike Chinese, is a typical tone language.( T ) 25. The syntactic rules of any

26、language are finite in number, and yet there is no limit to the number of sentences native speakers of that language are able to produce and comprehend.( F ) 26. When we think of a concept, we actually try to see the image of something in our mindseye every time we come across a linguistic symbol.(

27、F ) 27. All utterances can be restored to complete sentences. For example,“Good morning! ” canbe restored to “I wish you a good morning. ”( T ) 28. Two people who are born and brought up in the same town and speak the same regional dialect may speak differently because of a number of social factors.

28、( F ) 29. Black English is linguistically inferior to standard English because Black English is not as systematic as standard English.( T ) 30. Any child who is capable of acquiring some particular human language is capable of acquiring any human language spontaneously and effortlessly.IV. Direction

29、s: Explain the following terms. (3%X10=30%)31. parole: It refers to the realization of langue in actual use. It is concrete and varies with context.32. Broad transcription is the transcription with letter symbols only. It is the transcription normally used in dictionaries and teaching textbooks.33.

30、Allophones are the different phones that represent a phoneme in different phonetic environments.34. Phrase structure rules are the rewrite rules which allow for the possible combination of words to form phrases and sentences.35. Context is generally considered as constituted by the knowledge shared

31、by the speaker and the hearer.36. Historical linguistics studies language change ( or historical development of language).37. Standard language is a superposed, socially prestigious dialect of language. It is the language employed by the government and the judiciary system, used by the mass media an

32、d taught in educational institutions.38. Linguistic taboo refers to a word or expression that is prohibited by the“polite ” society fromgeneral use.39. Acculturation is a process of adapting to the culture and value system of the second language community.40. It is simple and modified speech used by paren