英語副詞用法(共6頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上英語副詞分類詳解一、時間副詞1. 常見的時間副詞常見的時間副詞有now, then, soon, ago, recently, lately, later, finally, before, early, today tomorrow, yesterday, tonight, suddenly, immediately, already, just 等。2. 時間副詞在句中的位置(1) 表確定時間的副詞(如today, yesterday等)通常位于句末，有時也位于句首：He went home yesterday. / Yesterday he went home.

2、 他昨天回家了。而那些表示非確定時間的副詞(如 soon, recently, suddenly等)除可用于句末或句首外，還可位于句中(通常位于實(shí)意動詞之前，動詞be、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后)：He went to Paris recently. / He recently went to Paris. / Recently he went to Paris. 最近他去了巴黎。(2) still, already, just 等幾個表示時間的副詞通常位于句中(實(shí)意動詞之前，動詞be、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后)：Hes just left for school. 他剛剛?cè)W(xué)校。I have alrea

3、dy finished my work. 我已經(jīng)做完了工作。當(dāng)要表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時，still和already也可位于動詞be、助動詞等之前：She was still still was beautiful at the age of forty. 她到了40歲仍然很美。I already have told him about it. 我已經(jīng)把情況告訴他了。still若用于否定句，則總是位于助動詞之前：I still dont understand what you mean. 我還是不明白你的意思。另外，still 和already 還可位于句末，表示驚奇：Are you on page one

4、 still? 你還在看第1頁？Is your mother back already? 你媽媽就已經(jīng)回來了？ 二、地點(diǎn)副詞1. 常見的地點(diǎn)副詞常見的地點(diǎn)副詞有here, there, up, down, away, nearby, home, ahead, abroad, indoors, overseas, halfway, upstairs, downstairs 等。2. 地點(diǎn)副詞在句中的位置地點(diǎn)副詞在句中通常位于句末或句首，但從不位于主語和謂語之間。若有多個副詞排列，地點(diǎn)副詞通常位于方式副詞之后，時間副詞之前：Can you help to carry this table upst

5、airs? 你能幫忙把桌子搬到樓上去嗎?The boy read quietly over there all afternoon. 這男孩整個下午都在那兒靜靜地看書。三、方式副詞1. 方式副詞的特點(diǎn)方式副詞表示動詞的行為方式，許多以-ly結(jié)構(gòu)的副詞都是方式副詞，如carefully, happily, quietly, heavily, warmly, correctly, politely, angrily 等。2. 方式副詞在句中的位置(1) 方式副詞通常位于動詞(及其賓語)之后：He read the letter slowly. 他從容不迫地看了那封信。方式副詞通常不位于動詞與賓語之

6、間，除非動詞后的賓語很長：不可說：We like very much it. (應(yīng)改為We like it very much.)但可說：We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. 我們可以很清楚地看到在我們前方有一道奇怪的光。若遇到“動詞+介詞+賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)，方式副詞既可位于“介詞+賓語”之前，也可位于“介詞+賓語”之后，但是若該結(jié)構(gòu)的賓語較長，則方式副詞通常位于“介詞+賓語”之前：He looked at me curiously. / He looked curiously at me. 他好奇地打量著我。He looked

7、 curiously at everyone who got off the plane. 他好奇地打量著從飛機(jī)上走下來的每一個人。(2) 方式副詞(主要是單個的方式副詞)有時也可位于主語與動詞之間：He quickly got dressed. 他趕緊穿好衣服。He angrily tore up the letter. 他很生氣，把信撕碎了。(3) 有的方式副詞(如bravely, cleverly, cruelly, foolishly, generously, kindly, secretly, simply等)位于動詞之前和位于句末會導(dǎo)致句子意思的變化：They secretly d

8、ecided to leave the town. 他們秘密決定離開這個城市。They decided to leave the town secretly. 他們決定秘密地離開這個城市。He answered the questions foolishly. 他對這個問題作了愚蠢的回答。He foolishly answered the questions. 他愚蠢地回答了這個問題。(4) 有的方式副詞(如gently, quietly, slowly, suddenly 等)有時可位于句首，以達(dá)到某種戲劇性的效果(這主要見于書面語中)：Suddenly, the driver starte

9、d the engine. 突然地，司機(jī)啟動了發(fā)動機(jī)。 四、頻度副詞1. 頻度副詞的特點(diǎn)頻度副詞表示動作發(fā)生的次數(shù)，常見有的ever, never, rarely, seldom, once, often, occasionally, constantly, frequently, usually, continually, always 等。2. 頻度副詞在句中的位置頻度副詞通常位于實(shí)意動詞之前，動詞be、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后：He often comes to see us. 他常來看我們。He is seldom late for school. 他上學(xué)很少遲到。有時為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，頻度副詞也

10、可位于動詞be、助動詞等之前：She always was late. 她老是遲到。有的頻度副詞可位于句末(尤其受very, only修飾時)：I get paid on Fridays usually. 我通常在星期五領(lǐng)工資。We go out very seldom. 我們很少外出。Do you go to the cinema very often? 你常去看電影嗎?有的頻度副詞(如sometimes, often, usually, frequently, occasionally等)可位于句首(此時多半是因為強(qiáng)調(diào)或?qū)Ρ?：Sometimes he went there by bus.

11、 有時他坐公共汽車去那兒。Very often the phone rings when Im in the bath. 電話經(jīng)常在我洗澡時響?！咀ⅰ亢蟹穸ㄒ饬x的頻度副詞置于句首時，其后要用倒裝語序：Never have I been there. 我從未去過那兒。Seldom does he see a film. 他很少看電影。另外，頻度副詞always 和 never通常不位于句首，除非是祈使句：Always remember this. 時刻記住這一點(diǎn)。Never go out at night. 晚上千萬不要出去。3. 頻度副詞在否定句中的位置在否定句中，有的頻度副詞可位于否定詞n

12、ot之后或之前(如usually, often)，有的頻度副詞則必須位于否定詞之后(如always, constantly, continually, continuously，均含有“連續(xù)不斷”之意)，而有的頻度副詞卻必須要位于否定詞not之前(如sometimes, frequently)：He doesnt usually come here. / He usually doesnt come here. 他通常不來這兒。She doesnt always come late. 她并非總是遲到。(不能說 always doesnt)He is sometimes not responsi

13、ble for what he does. 他有時對所做的事不負(fù)責(zé)任。五、程度副詞1. 程度副詞的特點(diǎn)程度副詞用于表示程度，常見的有 fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, almost, nearly, half, highly, awfully, deeply, partly, perfectly, really 等。2. 程度副詞的用法注意點(diǎn)(1) 程度副詞主要用于修飾形容詞和副詞，有的還可修飾比較級(如much, rather 等)和最高級(如quite, much, almost 等)：Houses are m

14、uch more expensive these days. 如今的房價貴多了。This is quite much the most expensive radio here. 這是這里最貴的收音機(jī)?！咀ⅰ縬uite 有時也修飾比較級，但只用于quite better(身體康復(fù))這一表達(dá)。(2) 有的程度副詞(如quite, rather, almost等)可修飾動詞，但有的(如fairly, pretty, very等)則不能修飾動詞：I quite agree with you. 我完全同意你的意見。(不用fairly, pretty, very)We rather like the f

15、ilm. 我們很喜歡這部電影。(不用fairly, pretty, very)(3) 個別的程度副詞(主要是quite和rather)還可修飾名詞(注意詞序)：Its quite rather a good idea. / Its a quite rather good idea. 那可真是個好主意。若此結(jié)構(gòu)中沒有形容詞，則 quite 和 rather 則只能放在冠詞之前：It was quite rather a success. 那事相當(dāng)成功。六、連接副詞1. 連接副詞的分類連接副詞可分為兩類，一類是用于連接句子或從句，常見的有therefore, besides, otherwise,

16、 however, moreover, still, thus, meanwhile等；另一類是用于引導(dǎo)從句或不定式，主要的有when, why, where, how 等。2. 連接句子或從句的連接副詞其性質(zhì)類似于并列連詞，使用時其前通常用分號或句號；若其前用逗號，則通常帶有并列連詞(如and)：I dont like it; besides, its too expensive. 我不喜歡它，而且也太貴了。We all tried our best; however, we lost the game. / We all tried our best. However, we lost t

17、he game. 我們都已盡了最大的努力，不過我們還是輸了。注意，有的連接副詞(如however等)后通常有逗號與句子的其他成分隔開。另外，這類副詞有的還可位于句中或句末：He may, however, come later. 不過，他也許一會兒就到。We all tried out best. We lost the game, however. 我們都已盡了最大的努力，不過我們還是輸了。Peter is our youngest child, and we have three others besides. 彼特是我們最小的孩子，我們另外還有三個。3. 引導(dǎo)從句和不定式的連接副詞用于引

18、導(dǎo)從句(名詞性從句)或不定式的連接副詞主要有when, why, where, how等：Tell me when we shall leave. / Tell me when to leave. 告訴我什么時候離開。I dont know how I can find him. / I dont know how to find him. 我不知道如何找到他。Where we can get the money is just our problem. / Where to get the money is just our problem. 到哪里去弄這筆錢正是我們頭痛的事。Thats w

19、hy he speaks English so well. 那就是他為什么英語講得這么好的原因?！咀ⅰ窟B接副詞why 后不能接不定式，如可說 I dont know why I must leave.(我不知道我為什么必須離開)，但不能說 I dont know why to leave。七、關(guān)系副詞1. 關(guān)系副詞的特點(diǎn)關(guān)系副詞用于引出定語從句，主要有when, where, why：Sunday is the day when very few people go to work. 星期日是沒什么人上班的日子。Thats the reason why he dislikes me. 這就是他

20、不喜歡我的原因。Do you know a shop where I can find sandals? 你知道哪家商店我能找到?jīng)鲂瑔?？【注】關(guān)系副詞用于引出定語從句，且在從句中用作狀語。關(guān)系副詞when 表示時間，where表示地點(diǎn)，why表示原因。2. 使用關(guān)系副詞的注意點(diǎn)(1) how 不能用作關(guān)系副詞，不要想當(dāng)然地將how用作關(guān)系副詞置于the way 后表示方式：他說話就是那個樣子。誤：This is the way how he spoke.正：This is how he spoke. / This is the way (that, in which) he spoke.(2)

21、 關(guān)系副詞when和where既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，也可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，但why只能引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句(若引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，可用for which reason)。(3) 引導(dǎo)定語從句時，when 的先行詞為時間，where的先行詞為地點(diǎn)，why的先行詞為原因(主要是the reason)，但是反過來卻不一定：Dont forget the time (that) Ive told you. 不要忘記我告訴你的時間。This is the house (that) he bought recently. 這就是他最近買的那座房子。Please tell m

22、e the reason (that) you know. 請告訴我你所知道的原因吧。八、疑問副詞1. 疑問副詞的特點(diǎn)疑問副詞有when, where, why, how 等，用于引出特殊疑問句：Where do you come from? 你是哪里人？When will it be ready? 這什么時候能準(zhǔn)備好？Why was she crying? 她剛才為什么哭？2. 兩類易混句型的區(qū)別。請看以下兩句：Where do you think he has gone? 你認(rèn)為他去什么地方了？Do you know when he will come? 你知道他什么時候來嗎？上面第一句為

23、特殊疑問句，第二句為一般疑問句，它們不能倒過來說成Do you think where he has gone? When do you know he will come? 其區(qū)別是：可以用 yes 或 no 回答者，用一般疑問句的形式(疑問詞放在句中，即主句之后)，適合這類句型的主句動詞通常有 know, hear, ask, tell 等；不能用 yes 或 no 回答者，用特殊疑問句的形式(疑問詞放在句首)，適合這類句型的主句動詞通常有 think, believe, suppose, guess 等。3. 使用疑問副詞的注意點(diǎn)(1) 疑問副詞用于引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句，通常位于句首，但有時也

24、不一定：Without friends where are we? 沒有朋友我們會怎樣？(2) 疑問副詞引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句時，其后應(yīng)接一般疑問句，但有時可有所省略：Why argue with him? 為什么要與跟他爭吵？Why not ask the teacher? / Why dont you ask the teacher? 為什么不問問老師呢？【注】Why 或Why not后接動詞原形，不接帶to不定式，主要用于現(xiàn)在或?qū)恚挥糜谶^去，如不說 why not tell me yesterday?應(yīng)改為Why didnt you tell me yesterday?(昨天為什么不告訴我?

25、)(3) 有時兩個疑問副詞連用：When and where were you born? 你生于何時何地？九、句子副詞1. 句子副詞的特點(diǎn)句子副詞用于修飾句子(而不是修飾某個單詞)，反映說話人的觀點(diǎn)和看法，如 actually, certainly, clearly, definitely, evidently, fortunately, frankly, honestly, luckily, obviously, perhaps, possibly, probably, surely, undoubtedly, unexpectedly 等。2. 句子副詞在句中的位置句子副詞通常位于句首(

26、或分句句首)：Obviously he cant tell the difference between them. 顯然他無法區(qū)別兩者的不同。I arrived late but luckily the meeting had been delayed. 我遲到了，幸而會議推遲了。但有些句子副詞也可以出現(xiàn)在句中：He smiled nastily. He evidently knew something I didnt. 他發(fā)出獰笑，他顯然知道一些我所不知道的事。有的句子副詞也可用作其他種類的副詞，不過這往往會導(dǎo)致位置和語義的變化：Clearly he didnt say so. 顯然他沒有

27、這樣說。(句子副詞)He didnt say so clearly. 他說得沒有那么清楚。(方式副詞)Frankly, you are wrong. 說實(shí)在的，你錯了。(句子副詞)He spoke frankly about his past life. 他坦率地談了他過去的生活。(方式副詞)副詞的實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練1.After a long walk, little Jim was hungry and tired. He could walk any farther.A. suddenlyB. hardlyC. luckilyD. mostly2.Write and try not to make

28、 any mistakes.A. as careful as possibleB. as carefully as you canC. most carefulD. more careful3.His car is not new, and mine is not new .A. tooB. alsoC. eitherD. so4.What wind! Its blowing .A. a strong; stronglyB. strong; stronglyC. a strong;bigD. strong; strong5.His school is in the northest, thou

29、sands of kilo metres .A. awayB. longC. outD. far6.Which do you like , apples.oranges or pears?A. goodB. wellC. betterD. best7.“ and are we going to have the meeting?”“At half past eight in our school.”A. WhatwhereB. WhenhowC. WhowhereD. Whenwhere8.She walked so that she missed the last bus.A. fastB. quietlyC. brightlyD. slowly9.It was cold yesterday. Tom caught a bad cold. He cant go to school today.A. much tooB. too much C. very muchD. much10.Last time Zhang Hongs exam results were the best in our class.This time Li Hong took first place .A. carefull