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1、同位語從句講義及練習清華大學英語系測試:為中小學生英語量身定做.官方網(wǎng)站: 清華大學英語教授研究組提供同位語從句講義及練習一、理解同位語從句的含義,把握同位語從句的實質(zhì)在主從復合句中作同位語的從句稱為同位語從句。同位語從句一般用that, whether,what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等詞引導,常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclu
2、sion等抽象名詞后面,說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。換言之,同位語從句和所修飾的名詞在內(nèi)容上為同一關系,對其內(nèi)容作進一步說明。例:The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他們比賽獲勝的消息很快傳遍了整個學校。析:they had won the game說明The news的全部內(nèi)容,因此該句為同位語從句。二、正確運用同位語從句的引導詞,準確把握同位語從句1.如同位語從句意義完整,應用that引導同位語從句。(即that 不充當任何成分,只起連接作用,不可省略)例:The general gave t
3、he order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.將軍下達了戰(zhàn)士們立即過河的命令。析:the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部內(nèi)容,且意義完整,因此應用that引導同位語從句。2.如同位語從句意義不完整,需增加"是否"的含義,應用whether引導同位語從句。(if不能引導同位語從句)例:We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on tim
4、e.我們將討論運動會是否會如期舉行的問題。析:the sports meeting will be held on time意義不完整,應加"是否"的含義才能表達the problem的全部內(nèi)容,因此應用whether引導同位語從句。3.如同位語從句意義不完整,需增加"什么時候"、"什么地點"、"什么方式"等含義,應用when, where, how等詞引導同位語從句。例1:I have no idea when he will be back.析:he will be back意義不完整,應加"什么時候
5、"的含義才能表達idea的全部內(nèi)容,因此應用when引導同位語從句。例2:I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike.析:he went home意義不完整,應加"如何"的含義才能表達impression的全部內(nèi)容,因此應用how引導同位語從句。4.當主句的謂語較短,而同位語從句較長時,同位語從句常后置。如:The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 三、把握同位語從句和
6、定語從句的區(qū)別,明確同位語從句和相似從句的界限同位語從句和定語從句相似,都放在某一名詞或代詞后面,但同位語從句不同于定語從句。同位語從句對名詞加以補充說明,是名詞全部內(nèi)容的體現(xiàn),且名詞和同位語從句的引導詞均不在從句中作成分;定語從句說明先行詞的性質(zhì)與特征,與先行詞是修飾與被修飾的關系,且名詞和定語從句的引導詞均在從句中作成分。區(qū)分時可以在先行詞與從句之間加一個系動詞be,使之構(gòu)成一個新句子,如果句子通順且符合邏輯,則為同位語從句,反之,則為定語從句。如:The report that he was going to resign was false.因為the report was that
7、he was going to resign 句意通順,所以,that he was going to resign 是同位語從句。例1:1)Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. while B. that C. when D. as析:答案為B。more middle school graduates will be admitted into uni
8、versities是Information的內(nèi)容,且Information不在從句中作成分,所以該句為同位語從句。應將該句區(qū)別于:2)It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities,this is the information _ has been put forward.A. what B. that C. when D. as析:答案為B。that has been put forward為infor
9、mation的修飾性定語,且information在從句中作主語,所以該句為定語從句。例2:She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91)A. it B. which C. this D. that析:答案為B。分析語境含義、句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句子成分可知,該句為非限制性定語從句,先行詞為a terrible noise,且它在從句中作主語。應將該句區(qū)別于:I can't stand the terrible noise _ she is crying
10、 loudly.A. it B. which C. this D. that析:答案為D。she is crying loudly是the terrible noise的內(nèi)容,且the terrible noise不在從句中作成分,所以該句為同位語從句。鞏固性練習:1. The fact _ she works hard is well known to us all.A. that B. what C. why D. which2. The fact _ he w
11、as successful proves his ability.A. hat B. what C. which D. why3. The news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A. what B. that C. why D. when4. His suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down.A. which
12、60; B. that C./ D. it5. I have no idea _ he will start.A. when B. that C. what D./6. I've come from the government with a message _ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.A. if B. that C. wh
13、ether D. which7. The thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him.A. when B. which C. what D. that8. The order _ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.A. which B. whether C. that D. what9. The nurses are trying their best to red
14、uce the patient's fear _ he would die of the disease.A. that B. as C. of which D. which10. He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing.A. whether B. where C. that &
15、#160; D. whenKeys: 1-5 AABBA 6-10 BDCAA同位語從句和定語從句的三點區(qū)別同位語從句和定語從句很相似,但還是有區(qū)別的,區(qū)別主要在以下三方面:1. 從詞類上區(qū)別同位語從句前面的名詞只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定內(nèi)涵的名詞?而定語從句的先行詞可以是名詞?代詞?主句的一部分或是整個主句?如:The possibility that the majority of the labo
16、ur force will work at home is often discussed. (同位語從句)We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.(同位語從句)Word came that he had been abroad. (同位語從句)Our team has won the game, which made us very happy.我們的隊贏了,這讓我們很高興?(定語從句)The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.你找的那位醫(yī)生
17、在房間里面?(定語從句)His mother did all she could to help him with his study.他媽媽盡她的最大努力幫助他的學習?(定語從句,代詞all作先行詞?)2. 從性質(zhì)上區(qū)別定語從句是從句對其先行詞的修飾或限制,屬于形容詞性從句的范疇;而同位語從句是從句對前面抽象名詞的進一步的說明和解釋,屬于名詞性從句的范疇。如:The news that our team has won the game was true. 我們隊贏了那場比賽的消息是真的?(同位語從句,補充說明news到底是一個什么消息?)The news that he told me y
18、esterday was true. 昨天他告訴我的那個消息是真的?(定語從句,news在從句中作told的賓語?)I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. 我許諾如果誰讓我自由,我就讓他非常富有?(同位語從句,補充說明promise到底是一個什么諾言?)The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. 媽媽做出了一個令她的孩子們高興的許諾?(定語從句,promise在從句中作pleased的主語?)3. 從引導詞及其在句子中的成
19、分上區(qū)別有些引導詞如how, whether, what可以引導同位語從句,但不能引導定語從句?如:That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我們是否需要它這個問題還沒有考慮?(同位語從句)I have no idea what has happened to him. 我不知道他發(fā)生了什么事?(同位語從句)引導詞that引導定語從句時,在從句中一般作主語或賓語(指物時還可以用which代替),并且作賓語時常常省略?that在同位語從句中僅起連接作用,不充當任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which來代替?如:The o
20、rder that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我們應派幾個人去幫別的幾個小組的命令昨天收到了?(同位語從句,是對order的具體解釋,that雖不作成分,但不能省略?)The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我們昨天收到的命令是我們應該派幾個人去幫助別的幾個小組?(定語從句,是名詞order1 開頭萬能公式一:
21、名人名言 有人問了,“我沒有記住名言,怎么辦?尤其是英語名言?”,很好辦:編! 原理:我們看到的東西很多都是創(chuàng)造出來的,包括我們欣賞的文章也是,所以盡管編,但是一定要聽起來很有道理呦!而且沒準將來我們就是名人呢!對吧? 經(jīng)典句型: A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (適用于已記住的名言) It goes without saying that we cannot be yo
22、ung forever. (適用于自編名言) 更多經(jīng)典句型: As everyone knows, No one can deny that 2 開頭萬能公式二:數(shù)字統(tǒng)計 原理:要想更有說服力,就應該用實際的數(shù)字來說明。 原則上在議論文當中十不應該出現(xiàn)虛假數(shù)字的,可是在考試的時候哪管那三七二十一,但編無妨,只要我有東西寫就萬事大吉了。所以不妨試用下面的句型: According to a recent survey, about 78.
23、9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation. 看起來這個數(shù)字文鄒鄒的,其實都是編造出來的,下面隨便幾個題目我們都可以這樣編造: Honesty 根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示,大學生向老師請假的理由當中78%都是假的。 Travel by Bike 根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示,85%的人在近距離旅行的時候首選的交通工具是自行車。 Youth 根據(jù)
24、最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示,在某個大學,學生的課余時間的70%都是在休閑娛樂。 Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? 根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 更多句型: A recent statistics shows that 寫作絕招 結(jié)尾萬能公式: 1 結(jié)尾萬能公式一:如此結(jié)論 說完了,畢竟要歸納一番,相信各位都有這樣的經(jīng)歷,領導長篇大論,到最后終于冒出個“總而言之”之類的話,我們馬上停止開小差,等
25、待領導說結(jié)束語。也就是說,開頭很好,也必然要有一個精彩的結(jié)尾,讓讀者眼前一亮,這樣,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: Obviously(此為過渡短語), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others. 如果讀者很難“顯而見之”,但說無妨,就當讀者的眼光太淺罷了! 更多過渡短語: to sum
26、;up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus 更多句型: Thus, it can be concluded that, Therefore, we can find that 2 結(jié)尾萬能公式二:如此建議 如果說“如此結(jié)論”是結(jié)尾最沒用的廢話,那么“如此建議”應該是最有價值的廢話了,因為這里雖然也是廢話,但是卻用了一個很經(jīng)典的虛擬語
27、氣的句型。拽! Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. 這里的虛擬語氣用得很經(jīng)典,因為考官本來經(jīng)??歼@個句型,而如果我們自己寫出來,你說考官會怎么想呢?更多句型: Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. Conseque
28、ntly, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken. 寫作絕招 寫作的“七項基本原則”: 一、 長 短 句原則 工作還得一張一馳呢,老讓讀者讀長句,累死人!寫一個短小精辟的句子,相反,卻可以起到畫龍點睛的作用。而且如果我們把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主題: Asa creature, I eat; as a man, I rea
29、d. Although one action is to meet theprimary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectualneed of mind, they are in a way quite similar. 如此可見,長短句
30、結(jié)合,抑揚頓挫,豈不爽哉?牢記! 強烈建議:在文章第一段(開頭)用一長一短,且先長后短;在文章主體部分,要先用一個短句解釋主要意思,然后在闡述幾個要點的時候采用先短后長的句群形式,定會讓主體部分妙筆生輝!文章結(jié)尾一般用一長一短就可以了。 二、 主 題 句原則 國有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否則會給人造成“群龍無首”之感!相信各位讀過一些破爛文學,故意把主體隱藏在文章之內(nèi),結(jié)果造成我們稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉勸各位一定要寫一個主題句,放在文章的開頭(保險型)或者結(jié)尾,讓讀者一目了然,必會平安無事! 特別提示:隱藏主體句可是要冒險的! To begi
31、n with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主題句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questi
32、ons correctly. 三、 一 二 三原則 領導講話總是第一部分、第一點、第二點、第三點、第二部分、第一點 如此羅嗦??僧吘惯€是條理清楚。考官們看文章也必然要通過這些關鍵性的“標簽”來判定你的文章是否結(jié)構(gòu)清楚,條理自然。破解方法很簡單,只要把下面任何一組的詞匯加入到你的幾個要點前就清楚了。 1)first, second, third, last(不推薦,原因:俗) 2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推薦,原因:俗) 3)the
33、60;first, the second, the third, the last(不推薦,原因:俗) 4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推薦,原因:俗) 5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(強烈推薦) 6)t
34、o start with, next, in addition, finally(強烈推薦) 7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(強烈推薦) 8)most important of all, moreover, finally 9)on the one hand, on the other
35、60;hand(適用于兩點的情況) 10)for one thing, for another thing(適用于兩點的情況)建議:不僅僅在寫作中注意,平時說話的時候也應該條理清楚! 四、 短語優(yōu)先原則 寫作時,尤其是在考試時,如果使用短語,有兩個好處:其一、用短語會使文章增加亮點,如果老師們看到你的文章太簡單,看不到一個自己不認識的短語,必然會看你低一等。相反,如果發(fā)現(xiàn)亮點精彩的短語,那么你的文章定會得高分了。其二、關鍵時刻思維短路,只有湊字數(shù),怎么辦?用短語是一個辦法!比如: I cannot bear
36、0;it. 可以用短語表達:I cannot put up with it. I want it. 可以用短語表達:I am looking forward to it. 這樣字數(shù)明顯增加,表達也更準確。 五、 多實少虛原則 原因很簡單,寫文章還是應該寫一些實際的東西,不要空話連篇。這就要求一定要多用實詞,少用虛詞。我這里所說的虛詞就是指那些比較大的詞。比如我們說一個很好的時候,不應該之說nice這樣空洞的詞,應該使用一些諸如generous, humor
37、ous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之類的形象詞。再比如: 走出房間,general的詞是:walk out of the room 但是小偷走出房間應該說:slip out of the room 小姐走出房間應該說:sail out of the room 小孩走出房間應該說:dance out of the
38、 room 老人走出房間應該說:stagger out of the room 所以多用實詞,少用虛詞,文章將會大放異彩! 六、 多變句式原則 1)加法(串聯(lián)) 都希望寫下很長的句子,像個老外似的,可就是怕寫錯,怎么辦,最保險的寫長句的方法就是這些,可以在任何句子之間加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后關系或者并列關系。比如說: I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.
39、如果是二者并列的,我們可以用一個超級句式: Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 其它的短語可以用: besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover 2)轉(zhuǎn)折(拐彎抹角) 批評某人缺點的時候,我們總習慣先拐彎抹角說說他的優(yōu)點,然后轉(zhuǎn)入正題,再說缺點,這種方式雖然陰險了點,可畢竟還比較容易讓人接受。所以呢,我們說話的時候,只要在要點之前先來點廢話,注意二者之間
40、用個專這次就夠了。 The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. The coat was thin, but it was warm. 更多的短語: despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite
41、, notwithstanding 3)因果(so, so, so) 昨天在街上我看到了一個女孩,然后我主動搭訕,然后我們?nèi)タХ葟d,然后我們認識了,然后我們成為了朋友可見,講故事的時候我們總要追求先后順序,先什么,后什么,所以然后這個詞就變得很常見了。其實這個詞表示的是先后或因果關系! The snow began to fall, so we went home. 更多短語: then, therefore, consequently, accordin
42、gly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that4)失衡句(頭重腳輕,或者頭輕腳重) 有些人腦袋大,身體小,或者有些人腦袋小,身體大,雖然我們不希望長成這個樣子,可如果真的是這樣了,也就必然會吸引別人的注意力。文章中如果出現(xiàn)這樣的句子,就更會讓考官看到你的句子與眾不同。其實就是主語從句,表語從句,賓語從句的變形。 舉例:This is what I can do. Whether he
43、can go with us or not is not sure. 同樣主語、賓語、表語可以改成如下的復雜成分: When to go, Why he goes away 5)附加(多此一舉) 如果有了老婆,總會遇到這樣的情況,當你再講某個人的時候,她會插一句說,我昨天見過他;或者說,就是某某某,如果把老婆的話插入到我們的話里面,那就是定語從句和同位語從句或者是插入語。 The man whom you met
44、160;yesterday is a friend of mine. I dont enjoy that book you are reading. Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. 其實很簡單,同位語-要解釋的東西刪除后不影響整個句子的構(gòu)成;定語從句借用之前的關鍵詞并且用其重新組成一個句子插入其中,但是whom or th
45、at 關鍵詞必須要緊跟在先行詞之前。 6)排比(排山倒海句) 文學作品中最吸引人的地方莫過于此,如果非要讓你的文章更加精彩的話,那么我希望你引用一個個的排比句,一個個得對偶句,一個個的不定式,一個個地詞,一個個的短語,如此表達將會使文章有排山倒海之勢! Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London&
46、#160;for you. Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides. We have got to study hard,
47、60;to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (氣勢恢宏) 要想寫出如此氣勢恢宏的句子非用排比不可! 七、 挑戰(zhàn)極限原則 既然十挑戰(zhàn)極限,必然是比較難的,但是并非不可攀! 原理:在學生的文章中,很少發(fā)現(xiàn)諸如獨立主格的句子,其實也很簡單,只要花上5分鐘的時間看看就可以領會,它就是分詞的一種特殊形式,
48、分詞要求主語一致,而獨立主格則不然。比如: The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills. Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three time
49、s that of China. 如果您可一些出這樣的句子,不得高分才怪! 寫作絕招 文章主體段落三大殺手锏: 一、舉實例 思維短路,舉實例!提出一個觀點,舉實例!提出一個方案,舉實例!而且者也是我們揭示一個觀點最好的方式,任何情況下,只要我們無法繼續(xù)文章,不管三七二十一,盡管舉例子!Inorder to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted everypossible stimulative factor
50、 in making ads, such as sound, light,colours, cartoon films and human performance. For instance, toadvertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress tosi
51、t at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fimehim or her.rast 更多句型: To take as an example, One example is, Another example is, for example 二、做
52、比較 方法:寫完一個要點,比較與之相似的;又寫完一個要點,再比較與之相反的; 世界上沒有同樣的指紋,沒有相同的樹葉,文章亦同,只有通過比較,你才會發(fā)現(xiàn)二者的相同點(through comparison)和不同點(through contrast)。下面是一些短語: 相似的比較: in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner 相反的比較: on the other hand, conversely,
53、60;whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with , 這個對 compare and contrast 題型很有用 三、換言之 沒話說了,可以換一句話再說,讓你的文章在多一些字,或者文鄒鄒地說,是讓讀者更充分的理解你的觀點。 實際就是重復重復再重復!下面的句子實際上就三個字 I love
54、0;you! I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you. 或者上面我們舉過的例子: I cannot bear
55、it. 可以用短語表達:I cannot put up with it. 因此可以這樣說:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it. 更多短語: in more difficult language,
56、 in simpler 同位語從句(Appositive Clauses)一、 概念 1. 同位語:緊跟在名詞或代詞之后,用于說明該名詞或代詞是何人、何物的詞語叫做同位語。We Chinese love our country. 我們中國人熱愛我們的祖國。主語 同位語I, the youngest son in the family, am often taken good care of. 作為年紀最小的兒子的我經(jīng)常受到最好的照顧。This word, dyeing, is often misspelled. Dyeing這個單詞經(jīng)常被拼錯。【活學活用】 我們學
57、生應該努力學習。_ 這是我的名字,Tony。_ 2. 同位語從句:在主從復合句中作同位語的從句稱為同位語從句。We came to the decision that we must act at once. 我們做出決定:我們必須立即行動。 I have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job. 他是否適合這件工作我有點懷疑。二. 同位語從句的功能及引導詞1. 同位語從句對于名詞進一步解釋,說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容,置于某些抽象名詞之后。換言之,同位語從句和所修飾的名詞在內(nèi)容上為同一關系,對其內(nèi)容作進一步說明。常見的名詞有:fact(事實),i
58、dea(想法),news(新聞),belief(信念),message(信息),proposal(建議),proposition(建議),evidence(證據(jù)),proof(證據(jù)),possibility(可能性),suggestion(建議)等。The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.他將要去上海的消息是真的。 The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.命令士兵紋絲不動站在原地是將軍發(fā)出的。2. 引導同位語從句的詞通有連詞tha
59、t,whether,連接副詞how, when, where等。(注:if和which不能引導同位語從句。)例如: 如同位語從句意義完整,應用that引導同位語從句。(即that不充當任何成分,只起連接作用,但不可省略) The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.將軍下達了戰(zhàn)士們立即過河的命令?!净顚W活用】翻譯 你在哪兒聽說我不能來?_ 李先生將是我們的新英語老師這個消息是真的。_ 如同位語從句意義不完整,需增加“是否”的含義,用whether引導同位語從句。(注:if不能引導同位語從
60、句)Li asked me the question whether the novel was worth reading. 李問我這小說是否值得讀?!净顚W活用】翻譯 我們將討論運動會是否會如期舉行的問題。_ 我不知道他是否回來。_ 如同位語從句意義不完整,需增加“什么時候”、“什么地點”、“什么方式”等含義,用when, where, how等詞引導同位語從句。I have no idea when he will be back. 我不知道他什么時候回來。I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike. 他是怎么回家的,我沒有
61、什么印象,也許是騎自行車回家的。We havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪兒去度暑假,這個問題我們還沒有決定?!净顚W活用】翻譯 我不知道他何時會離開。_ 他們?nèi)绾慰朔щy的,我沒有印象。_ 她提出這個問題:我們到哪兒去搞這筆資金。_三、注意事項 1. 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別(1)從意義上看:同位語從句所表達的內(nèi)容與作為中心詞的名詞短語所表達的內(nèi)容可以劃上一個等號。例如: He heard the news that his team had won. (the n
62、ews= his team had won) He came to the decision that he must act at once. (the decision =he must act at once)或者說,同位語從句可以變?yōu)橹行脑~的表語從句,而定語從句則不能: He came to the decision that he must act at once. The decision was that he must act at once. 中心詞 表語從句 The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true
63、.The news was that we are having a holiday tomorrow. 中心詞 表語從句對比:The news that appeared in the papers this morning was well received. (此句為定語從句,the news that appeared in the papers this morning,也不能變成中心詞的表語從句:The news was that appeared in the papers this morning。(×))(2)從that從句的語法功能上看:定語從句中的that是屬于
64、關系代詞既代替先行詞,同時可以在從句中作某個成分(主語或賓語),而同位語從句中的that是連詞,只起連接主句與從句的作用,不充當句中任何成分,但也不能省略。試比較:The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.(第一個that引導的從句是定語從句,that在從句中作賓語)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.(同位語從句,that在句中不作任何成分)(3)從充當中心詞的名詞特點上看:充當定語從句的中心詞的名詞是無限的,而充當同位語從句的的中心詞只是有限的一
65、些表示概括意義的抽象名詞如:fact(事實),idea(想法),news(新聞),belief(信念),message(信息),proposal(建議),proposition(建議),evidence(證據(jù)),proof(證據(jù)),possibility(可能性),suggestion(建議)等。 試比較: He put forward the suggestion that the third question should be discussed first. 他提出這么個建議:第三個問題應先予討論。(同位語從句) The suggestion that he had put forward was turned down. 他提出的這個建議被否決了。(定語從句)【活學活用】請
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