狀語從句講解和習題附答案解析

1、WORD格式可編輯狀語從句（一）狀語從句概述定義狀語從句用作狀語，是起副詞作用的句子。位置狀語從句可以放在上句之前，也可以放在上句之后，時間、條 件、原因和讓步狀語從句放在句首時需要用逗號和主句隔開。分類根據(jù)其作用可以分為時間、地點、原因、條件、目的、讓步、 方式和比較等狀語從句。作用它可以修飾謂語、非謂語動詞、定語、狀語和整個句子。（二）狀語從句詳解1.時間狀語從句引導詞用法示例when息為當一的時候 。When 引導從句的謂語動詞可以 是延續(xù)性動詞，也可以是 瞬間動詞。并且when有時 表示“就在那時”A liar is not believed when he speaks the tr

2、uth. 說謊者 講真話時也沒有人相信。Whenhe arrives, I ' ll call you.When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes.while息為在一的時候，在 的同時"。While引導從句 的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性 的，發(fā)生時間較長，并強 調(diào)主句和從句的動作同時 發(fā)生（或者相對應）。While 有時還可以表示對比。While I was standing at the window, I saw several boys running along the street.While John was watching

3、 TV, his wife was cooking.as意為一邊一一邊 o As 引導的動作是延續(xù)性的， 發(fā)生時間較短，一般用于The writer was angry as he wastravelling on a train to London because someone had主句和從句動作同時 發(fā) 生；as也可以強心前一 后。invaded his“space” .He smiled as he stood up.after思為在之后。表小主 旬動作發(fā)生在從句動作之 后。主句與從句的動作時 間關系與before引導的 從句相反。With many hungry visitors

4、waiting, don' t stay too long at your table after you have finished.If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over.before意為“在之前”。引導的 從句不用否定形式的謂 語，并且當before引導的 從句位于主句之后，有時 譯成“就，才”。當主句用 將來時，從句總是用現(xiàn)在 時；如果before引導的從 句謂語用的是過去時，則 主句動詞多用過去完成 時，這樣以便體現(xiàn)動作的 先后。You can' t watch TV bef

5、ore you finish your homework. Before itended,thetheatre was almost empty.My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.till意為“直w。一情況r 可以和until互換。如果 主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時 動詞時，必須用否定形式； 如果主句中的謂語動詞是 延續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定和 否定形式都可以，但表達 的意思/、同。She didn ' t even know that it was an earthquake till she saw a s

6、haking ( moving from side to side) light.The fireman worked very hard till the fire was out.until意為“直a”。在強調(diào)句型 中多用until 。如果主句 中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞 時，必須用否定形式；如 果主句中的謂語動詞是延 續(xù)性動詞時，用肯定和否 定形式都可以，但表達的 意思/、同。I ' mwaiting for my sister. I won ' t go to see my uncle until she comes.Wait until I finish what I a

7、m doing.since意為“自從，從以來”。引導從句的謂語動詞可以 是延續(xù)性的動詞，也可以 是瞬時動詞。一般情況下， 從句謂語動詞用一般過去 時，而主句的謂語動詞用 現(xiàn)在完成時。但在It is + 時間+since從句的句型 中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時。I have been studying hard since I entered the high school.It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.It is five years months since our boss was not in Beijing.as soon

8、 as意為“一就”。引導時 問狀語從句時，如果主句 用了將來時，從句一般使 用現(xiàn)在時。Tom will call me as soon as he gets home.I will call you as soon asI arrive.2.地點狀語從句引導詞用法示例where意為“哪里”。"where引導 的地點狀語從句，（there+ ） 主句” “哪里哪里就。 主旬在從旬后面時，there 可用口/、用；主句在從句的Where there is a will, there is a way.They were good persons.Where they went, ther

9、e theywerewarmly前回時，TK都不用there.welcomed.You should have put the book where you found it.wherever意為“無論何地”。 anywhere/wherever 弓 I 導地 點狀語從句+主句。anywhere 本身是個副詞，但是常可以 引導從句，相當于連詞，意 思相 當于 wherever, anywhere引導的從句可位 于主句之前，也可以位于主 句之后。而wherever本身就 是個連詞，表示“在何處， 無論何處”。Wherever the sea is, you will find seaman.I

10、' ll go anywhere you go.3.條件狀語從句引導詞用法示例if連詞，意為“假如，如果”。 當主句是將來時的時候， 從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時。Don t talk loudly at the meeting. If you do, you will have to leave.We ll go for a picnic if it doesn' t rain this weekend.unless連詞，意為“除非（=if not）。當主句是將來時的 時候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在 時。Don t discuss the problems with your partner

11、unless you are asked to do so.I won t go there unless you come with me.4.原因狀語從句引導詞用法示例as意為“因為”。引導原因 狀語從句時表示附帶。說 明“雙方已知的原因”， 語氣比since弱，較為正 式，位置較為靈活（常放 于主句之前）。As the weather is cold, I stay at home.As it is raining, you' d better take a taxi.As you are tired, you' d better rest.since意為“因為”。引導的

12、原 因狀語從句一般放于主 旬之前表小已知的、顯然 的理由（通常被翻譯成“既然”），較為正式，語 氣比because弱。Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time.Since the race is in April, I had to run throughout the winter, and in Boston, winters are cold.Since everybody is here. Let's begin our meeting.because意為“

13、因為”。引導的原 因狀語從句一般放于主 句之后，表述直接原因， 語氣較強，最適合why引 導的疑問句。Because引 導的原因狀語從句后時 可以與because of 短語 互換。The woman prefers winter because she can skate.I ' d like to collect stamps becausetheyareinteresting.I ' m very tired these days becauseofstudyingphysics.Hecan' t comebecause he is ill.= He can

14、9; t comebecause of his illness.for意為“因為”。引導的原 因狀語從句并不說明主He must be ill, for he is absent today.句行為發(fā)生的直接原因， 只提供一些輔助性的補 充說明，for引導的原因 狀語從句只能放于主句 之后，并且必須用逗號將 其與主句隔開。He could not have seen me, for I was not there.5.目的狀語從句引導詞用法示例so that意為“以至，以便”。目 的狀語的謂語常含有 may, might, can, could, should, would 等情態(tài)動 詞。Tr

15、y to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly.Mr. Green speaks very loudly so that all the people can hear him clearly.in orderthat意為“為了”，相當于so that. in order to后面可以跟動詞原形構成目 的狀語，不是目的狀語從 句。We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make a arrangements.6.結果狀語從句引導詞用法示

16、例so that意為“如此以至于。so+ adj./adv. 原級 +that, so是副詞，只能修飾形容 詞和副詞。so還可與表小 數(shù)量的形容詞 many, few, much, little( 這四個形容This year it has rained so heavily in South China that lots of problems are caused.The ice on the lake was so thinthatpeople詞表不多或少時)連用，形 成固定搭配。so+ many 或 few+復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 +that;so+ much或 little+ 不可數(shù) 名詞+

17、that.couldn ' t skate on it.Too often, we spend so muchtime thinking about the future that we fail to enjoy the present.There are so few notebooks that I can ' t give you any.such.that意為“如此以至于”。 有三種結構 ： such+a(an)+adj.+ 單數(shù)不 可數(shù)名詞 +that; such(+adj.)+ 不可 數(shù)名詞 +that; such( + adj.) + 復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that,

18、such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞 詞組。有時可與 so- that 句型轉換。It ' s such a wonderful song that we all like it.Simon is such dishonest person that no one believes him.The boy is so young that he can' tgotoschool.= He is such a young boy thathecan' t go to school.7.讓步狀語從句引導詞用法示例though意為“雖然”。不能和but連 用。但是可以同 yet

19、(still)連 用，構 成though - yet(still).though較普遍，常用于非正 式的口語和書面語中。even能和though組合表示強調(diào)，So it has lived up to now though it isn't strong at all.Though they are twin brothers, they don' t look like each other.Even if/ Even though we在這里 even though=even if（no matter if; though即使也）。though可以獨立 用作副詞，常放在句末

20、，意為 all the same（ 還是；仍然） 或however（可是；然而）。couldaffordit,wewould affordit,wewouldn' t go abroad for our vacation.although意為“雖然”。不能和but連 用。但是可以同 yet（still） 連 用，構 成although yet（still）.although 較為正式，語氣比 though重，常用以強調(diào)讓步 概念。even不能和although 組合。Althoughhe diedseveral years ago, I can still remember the d

21、ays we spent together and what he has taught me about love.Although we had little food with us, we decided to spend the night in the car.8.比較狀語從句引導詞用法示例as-as.意為“和一樣”。表示同 級的比較。使用時要注意 第一個as為副詞，第二個 as為連詞。具基本結構為: as+adj./adv.原級+as。若 有修飾成分，如twice,three times, half, a quarter等，則須置于第一 個as之前。She is very goo

22、d at painting. She can paint as well as here teacher.I ran out as quickly as possible.not as /so-as意為“和不一樣，不如”。也表示同級比較。She is not so (as ) outgoing as her sister.This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.9.方式狀語從句引導詞用法示例as/(just)as.so 意為“猶如，就像”。引 導的方式狀語從句通常 位于主句后，但在 (just)as.so 結構 中位于旬首，這時as從

23、旬帶后比喻的含義，意 為“正如，就像”，多 用于正式義體。Whenin Rome, do as the Romans do.As water is to fish, so air is to man.as if/ as though意為“就像，好像"。兩 者的意義和用法相同， 引出的狀語從句謂語多 用虛擬語氣，表示與事 實相反，有時也用陳述 語氣，表示所說情況是 事實或實現(xiàn)的可能性較 大。常譯作“仿佛似 的，好像似的”。If would never forget here smile, or the way her eyes shone as if we were the same

24、age.It looks as if the weather maypick up very soon.練習一一.單項填空1.he ' s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he to play basketball with us?-1 think he will come if he free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come;will

25、 be3. In the zoo if a child into the water and can' t swim, thedolphins may come up him.A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; helpD. falls; helping4. I don ' t remember he worked in that city when he wasyoung.A. what B. which C. where D. who5. We will stay at home if my aunt

26、to visit us tomorrow.A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming6. The police asked the children cross the streetthe traffic lights turned green.A. not; before B. don' t; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday there was something wrong with my bike.A. when B. that C.

27、 until D. because8. I 'll go swimming with you if I free tomorrow.A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was9. In the exam, the you are,the mistakesyou will make.A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons you go out to play.

28、A. before B. after C. when D. while11. I hurried I wouldn ' t be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless12. When you read the book, you ' d better make a mark youhave any questions.A. which B. that C. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice all the students could hear h

29、im.A. for B. so that C. because D. in order14. He took off his coat he felt hot.A. because B. as C. if D. since15. It is that we ' d like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D.such lovely a day16. Mary had much work to do that she stayed at her officeall d

30、ay.A. such B. so C. too D. very17.1 felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if18 .the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As19 .well you can drive, you must drive carefully.A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The momen

31、t20 . Write to me as soon as you to Beijing.A. will get B. get C. getting D. got二.根據(jù)中文意思完成下列英語句子1 .不管他跟我開什么玩笑，我都不生氣。I am not angry with him,jokes he on me.2 .布魯斯太太對學生非常親切，以至于學生把她當做母親。Mrs Bruce was kind to her students theyher their mother.3 .只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會滿意我們的表現(xiàn)。Our parents will be pleased with our

32、performance we try our best.4 .你一到上海就給我打個電話好嗎？W川you please call me you get to Shanghai.5 .這個七歲的女孩酷愛鋼琴，以至于他已經(jīng)堅持練習兩年了。The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano she has kept practicing for two years.6 .雖然她很忙，他還堅持自學英語。, she kept on learning English by herself.7 .他長大后相當一名記者。He wants to be a journal

33、ist.8 .無論刮風下雨，我們的老師總是第一個到校。 windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first toget to school.9 .如果人人為保護環(huán)境做出貢獻，世界將會變得更美好。 to protecting the environment,the world will become much more beautiful.10 .李明昨天沒來上學，因為他病了。Li Ming didn ，t come to school.練習二1. The meeting didn't start everyone was there.A. b

34、ecause B. until C. why D. if2. .The boy to bed his mother came in.A. went not; until B. didn't go; after C. went; until D. didn't go; until3. I won't believe you I have seen it with my own eyes.A. before B. until C. after D. when4. .He home she was satisfied his answer yesterday.A. didn&

35、#39;t go; until; with B. wasn't go; after; toC. doesn't go; before; with D. didn't go; until; to5. .He back until the work done.A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is6. .They didn't start the work their teacher came back.A. until B. while

36、C. as soon as D. if7. Tom will call me as soon as he Shanghai.A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to8. I'm sure he'll come to see me before he Beijing.A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves9. I will tell him the news as soon as he back.A. come B. comes C. will come D. came1

37、0. Tom has got a watch. He it for two years. It by hisfather.A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought;has bought . D. has had; was bought "'11. When he got to the station, the train.A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left12. The boy told his father what he in the st

38、reet.A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see13. We TV when the telephone.A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D.are watching; rang14.By the end of last term, I ten books.A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to readD. finish read15. I you for a long ti

39、me. Where you?A. didn't see; did; go B. didn't see; have; goneC. haven't seen;have; been D. haven't seen; have; gone16. Tom China for 3 years.A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has been at17. I won't go to see the film tonight, because I my ticket.A. lost B. have lost C

40、. will lose D. didn't lose18. -Hello! May I speak to Bob?-Sorry, but he for a month.A. had been away B. was left C. left D. has been away19. I him since I began to live in the city.A. know B. have known C. knew D. will know20. Zhao Lan already in this school for two years.A. was; studying B. wil

41、l; study C. has; studied D. are; studying21. Betty didn't go to see the film yesterday she was ill.A. because B. but C. until D. if22. May I sit nearer I can see more clearly?A. as if B. so that C. even if D. so23. you work hard, you will certainly succeed.A. Though B. If C. Because D. For24. he

42、 cameto study in the university, he has mademuchprogress in the study of English.A. While B. When C. Since D. After25. I'd like to go swimming the water is not too cold.A. for B. unless C. if D. whether26. There are many league members in class 2 in Class 4.A. both; and B. 'so; that C. eithe

43、r; or D. as; as27. -Do you have a big library?-No, we don't. At least, not yours.A. as big as B. as big than C. as bigger than D. bigger as28. Suzhou is not beautiful Hangzhou.A. as; than B. so; as C. even; than D. /; than29. Iron is more useful any other metal.A. as B. than C. then D. so30. I w

44、ant to know she is going to see a film.A. if B. that C. what D. which31. You are sure to pass the exam you study hard.A. if B. thoughC. that D. since32. I'll go to see the film with you I have time this evening.A. whether B. so C. if D. when33. you study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Except34. Although it was raining,