2019屆人教版必修一Unit 4 earthquakes單元測試 (9)

1、.必修一Unit 4 earthquakes單元測試.閱讀理解ARoyale is surrounded by deep blue waters of Lake Superior, the largest freshwater lake on Earth. The only way to get there is by boat or sea plane. The National Park Service operates shuttle boats that take visitors to Isle Royale. The boats leave from two Michigan po

2、rts. A boat trip to Isle Royale takes three to five hours. Waters are often extremely rough.Modern copper mining began in the late 1800s, resulting in large areas of the island being burned. This led to settlement development. Soon, Isle Royale became popular for summer homes. It became a national p

3、ark on April 3, 1940. In 1980, officials named it an International Biosphere Reserve 生物圈保護區(qū) because of its unique ecosystem.Isle Royale offers hiking, camping, boating, and even scuba diving. The National Park Service protects 11 sunken 漂浮的 boats for divers to explore. They are reminders of Lake Sup

4、eriors commercial shipping history. The sunken wooden ship called The America is one of the most popular dive sites. The America carried passengers, mail, and supplies to many towns along the shores of Lake Superior. It first launched in 1898, and was used until 1928, when it was damaged. It sank to

5、 the bottom of the lake soon after.Visitors to Isle Royale share the trails with a wellstudied population of wolves. Scientists believe wolves walked there during a freeze of the lake sometime in the 1940s. Researchers closely record their population numbers. Much of the research takes place during

6、the winter, when the trees are bare. The researchers fly over the island to observe the animals from above.Animal research is the only winter activity going on at Isle Royale. The national park is closed each year in late October because of the terrible weather conditions and reopens in spring time

7、the next year.But for the other months of the year, Isle Royale offers green forests, and clear blue waters. Its excellent scenery and unusual location keep visitors returning year after year.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描繪了蘇必利爾湖的皇家島嶼的開展史和它的地理位置和地方特色。1What is mainly talked about in the first paragraph

8、?AThe access to the island. BThe islands location.CThe islands natural environment.DThe islands basic information.答案：A段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句可知，第一段主要討論如何進入島嶼。應(yīng)選A。2How long is the history of the National Park?AMore than two centuries. BOver seventy years.CLess than forty years.DOver one hundred years.答案：B細節(jié)理解

9、題。根據(jù)第二段第三、四句可知，國家公園的歷史到如今已超過七十年。應(yīng)選B。3The researchers fly over the island in winter because _.Athere are more animals thenBthey can have a clear look at the animals thereCthey dont intend to disturb the animalsDthe island cant be reached with the lake frozen答案：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段后三句可知，冬天，樹上的葉子掉光了，此時，研究人員乘飛機

10、在島的上方盤旋，可以明晰地觀察島內(nèi)的動物。應(yīng)選B。BThe ancient Mayan civilization collapsed due to a centurylong drought, a new research suggests.Minerals taken from Belizes famous underwater cave, known as the Blue Hole, as well as lagoons 環(huán)礁湖 nearby, show that an extreme drought occurred between AD 800 and AD 1000, right

11、when the Mayan civilization ended. After the rains returned, the Mayans moved northbut they disappeared again a few centuries later, and that disappearance occurred at the same time as another dry period, the sediments 沉積物 reveal. Although the findings arent the first to tie a drought to the end of

12、the Mayan culture, the new results strengthen the case that dry periods were indeed the cause. Thats because the data came from several spots in a region central to the Mayan heartland, said study coauthor Andre Droxler, an Earth scientist at Rice University.From AD 300 to AD 700, the Mayan civiliza

13、tion flourished in the Yucatan Peninsula. These ancient Mesoamericans built great pyramids, mastered astronomy and developed both a writing system and a calendar system, which is famous for predicting that the world would end in 2019.But in the centuries after AD 700, the civilizations building acti

14、vities slowed and the culture fell into war and unrest.The evidence for a drought has been growing in recent years. A 2019 study in the journal Science analyzed a 2,000yearold stalagmite 石筍 from a cave in southern Belize and found that sharp decreases in rainfall coincided with periods of decline in

15、 the culture. But the data came from just one cave, which meant it was difficult to make predictions for the area as a whole, Droxler said.To look for signs of a drought, the team drilled the sediments in the Blue Hole of Lighthouse Lagoon. The lagoons are surrounded on all sides by thick walls of c

16、oral reefs. During storms or wetter periods, excess water runs off from rivers and streams, overtops the retaining walls, and is deposited in a thin layer at the top of the lagoon. From there, all the sediments from these streams settle to the bottom of the lagoon, piling on top of each other and le

17、aving a record of the historical climate.The team found that during the period between AD 800 and AD 1000, when the Mayan civilization collapsed, there were just one or two tropical cyclones 氣旋 every two decades, as opposed to the usual five or six. After that, the Mayans moved north, building at si

18、tes such as Chichen Itza, in what is now Mexico.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項新的研究說明瑪雅文明的消失是由當時干旱的氣候造成的。4What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?AThe achievements of the Mayan civilization.BThe prediction the Mayan civilization made.CThe effects the Mayan civilization had on humans.DThe background where the Mayan ci

19、vilization began.答案：A段落大意題。從文章第四段的主旨句即第一句可以得出，本段主要是講瑪雅文明在這一時期的成就，故答案為A項。5What did Andre Droxler think of the analysis of the 2,000yearold stalagmite?AAmazing. BRidiculous.CReasonable. DUnreliable.答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段最后一句可知，Andre Droxler認為這種數(shù)據(jù)具有片面性，不可靠，故答案為D項。6What happened after an extreme drought betw

20、een AD 800 and AD 1000?AThe Mayans were suffering a heavy flood.BThe Mayans suddenly disappeared from the Earth.CThe Mayans were often attacked by tropical cyclones.DThe Mayans moved to places that is now called Mexico.答案：D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一句可知，答案為D項。.七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

21、項。For over one hundred and fifty years, Americans of all social classes have worn blue jeans. _1_ Whether they are worn for work or for fashion today, Strauss invention continues to be popular not only among Americans but also among people around the world.Levi Strauss was born in Germany in 1829. _

22、2_ He grew up in Kentucky before moving to New York in 1847. Before becoming an American citizen and moving to the West in 1853, Strauss worked in his brothers dry goods business. This gave him a chance to produce his famous invention. After the gold rush of 1849, Strauss decided to move to the West

23、 to seek his fortune.Strauss did not want to be a person who searched an area for minerals. Instead, he knew he could make a good living by selling supplies to the miners. At first, he planned to sell sewing supplies and clothes. _3_ When he heard miners complaining that their clothes were easily br

24、oken or they usually tore their pockets during mining, he decided to use a special fabric to make pants for the miners. These pants proved so popular that he quickly ran out of materials to make more.In 1873, Strauss received a letter from a Jewish tailor named Jacob Davis who had invented a process

25、 of connecting pockets with copper rivets 鉚釘. This made the pants last a long time. Because Davis did not have the money to patent his idea, he offered to share it with Strauss if Strauss would agree to pay for the patent. _4_By the time Strauss died in 1902, he had made a great contribution to Amer

26、ican fashion._5_ The business has been growing ever since and Levi Strauss company is now one of the largest clothing companies in the world.AAs a young boy, he moved with his family to the United States.BNobody knew what kind of material was suitable.CHe did and Levi jeans have been made with metal

27、 rivets ever since.DHowever, he did not get much business for those products.EHe also made a great contribution to Americas clothing industry.FSince they were invented by Levi Strauss, they have become a symbol of American consumer culture.GAs the business grew, Strauss got much money from it篇章導讀：本文

28、是一篇說明文，主要介紹了美國人李維斯特勞斯創(chuàng)造牛仔褲的簡史。1F根據(jù)下句中的“Strauss invention continues to be popular not only among Americans but also among people around the world可知，自從斯特勞斯創(chuàng)造牛仔褲以來，牛仔褲已成為美國消費文化的象征，不僅在美國人中很受歡送，而且在世界各地的人群中也很受歡送，所以選F項。2A空前講述他出生在德國，空后講在搬去紐約前他在美國的肯塔基長大，由此可見他曾搬過家，A項“當他還是一個小男孩時，他和他的家人一起搬到了美國符合語境，所以選A項。3D本段中的“

29、At first是解題關(guān)鍵。D選項中的“However與“At first相對應(yīng)，用來說明他起初方案出售縫紉用品和服裝，然而，他并沒有從中得到太多業(yè)務(wù)，D項符合語境，所以選D項。4C根據(jù)上句中的“he offered to share it with Strauss if Strauss would agree to pay for the patent及全文內(nèi)容可知，選C項。斯特勞斯愿意支付專利，因此李維牛仔褲從此使用金屬鉚釘。5EE選項中的“He also made a great contribution與上文中的“he had made a great contribution相對應(yīng)，

30、應(yīng)選E項，用來說明Levi Strauss對美國服裝業(yè)的奉獻。.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 2019全國卷In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _1_ crowd on the roads above as they travelled to and _2_ work. It to

31、ok three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, _3_ lay the track and then building a strong roof over _4_ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines _5_ use to pull the carriages and it must have been _6_ f

32、air unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using _7_ every day.Later, engineers _8_ manage to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels 隧道, which became known as t

33、he Tube. This development was only possible with the _9_ introduce of electricpowered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most _10_ success of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had whitepainted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the

34、 public.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國倫敦地鐵的開展。1crowds考察名詞的復數(shù)。crowd是可數(shù)名詞，且前面沒有限定詞，故應(yīng)用復數(shù)形式。2from考察介詞。travel to and from work “上下班。3laying考察非謂語動詞。included后的dig，lay，build是三個并列的動作，根據(jù)digging及building可知，lay也應(yīng)用動名詞形式。4the考察冠詞。此處特指“地鐵的頂部，故用定冠詞the。5were used考察動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。steam engines與use之間是被動關(guān)系，且動作發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。6fairly考察詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。所填詞修飾形容詞unpleasant，故用fair的副詞形式fairly。7it考察代詞。use是及物動詞，其后接賓語，此處很明顯缺少代詞。分析句意可知，此處用it指代上文提到的the railway。8managed考察動詞的時態(tài)。全文講述的是發(fā)生在過去的事情，故用一般過去時。9introduction考察詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？崭袂笆莟he，其后接名詞。introduce的名詞形式是in