最新人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下Unit 1 Whats the matter?1、 重點(diǎn)單詞及用法1. foot-feet 單復(fù)數(shù)的考察 常用復(fù)數(shù) 同：tooth-teetheg：Look,my f_ are very big,but the new shoes are so small.2. stomach 變復(fù)數(shù) 詞尾直接+s stomachseg：The children cant eat too much ice-cream because its bad for their s_.3. X-ray 冠詞考察 無(wú)特指情況下用 an X-ray4. lie躺-lay（過(guò)去式）-lying（現(xiàn)在分詞）

2、 躺 lie down 躺下eg：They are _（lie）on the beach and having a good time5. passenger 乘客 復(fù)數(shù) passengerseg：There were ten _ on the bus at that time.6. bandage n.繃帶 v.用繃帶包扎eg：Can you put the bandage on the cut?（改為同義句）Can you _ yourself ?7. Kilo 復(fù)數(shù) kiloseg：How many _ of tomatoes do you want?8. knife 復(fù)數(shù) knives

3、 eg：Dont play with _.They may cut your fingers.9. death n.死亡 die v.死亡-died（過(guò)去式）-dying（現(xiàn)在分詞）dead （形容詞 死亡的）eg：The dogs _ made him very sad.10. sick 生病的 既可以作表語(yǔ) 又可以做定語(yǔ) be sick =be ill eg：We are going to visit _ children in hospital.2、 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)have a cold =catch a cold =have the flu 感冒 cough 咳嗽 lie down 躺下 t

4、ake ones temperature 量體溫 have a fever 發(fā)燒take/have breaks/a break 休息=take/have a rest get off 下車(chē)-get on上車(chē)to ones surprise 令某人驚訝的是 right away 立刻 馬上=right nowget into （trouble）陷入（麻煩） get sunburned 被曬傷be used to （doing）習(xí)慣于 適應(yīng)于. take risks/a risk 去冒險(xiǎn)run out （of）用完 用盡 cut off 切除get out of 離開(kāi) 從.出來(lái) be in co

5、ntrol of 掌管 管理give up （doing）放棄（做）某事 have a stomachache 胃痛get an X-ray 做一個(gè)X射線檢查 thanks to.由于 多虧in time 及時(shí) on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) think about 考慮think of認(rèn)為 fall down 摔倒 make a decision 作決定put.on.把.放在.上 be interested in 對(duì).感興趣3、 用法總結(jié)1. need to do sth需要做某事eg: The teacher needs_(rest) for a few minutes.2.sound like 意

6、為“聽(tīng)起來(lái)像”后接n./adj./句子 eg: It sounds like a good idea. 類(lèi)似的 感官動(dòng)詞+like：feel like/smell like/ look like/taste like/seem like sound+adj. 結(jié)構(gòu)中，sound 是系動(dòng)詞意為“聽(tīng)起來(lái)是” 后接形容詞 eg： That sounds great.3.without +n./doing（v.現(xiàn)在分詞） He went to school without having breakfast.eg：He left the classroom without _ anything4.agr

7、ee v.同意，贊成agree with sb/某人的意見(jiàn) 看法 Does she agree with us?agree to do sth 同意做某事 They agreed to solve the problem.5.have problems (in) doing sth做某事有困難=have trouble/difficulty (in) doing have problems with sth =have trouble/difficulty with sth 在某方面有困難eg：One of my good friends said he had problems_(learn

8、) English.6.be/get used to doing sth 習(xí)慣于做某事eg：He used to get up late,but now he is used to getting up early. used to do sth 過(guò)去常常做某事 （現(xiàn)在不做了）eg：He used to read English in the evening. use sth to do sth 使用 用某物做某事eg：So he used knife to cut off his arm. be used to do sth 被動(dòng) 被用于做某事eg：These new pens are us

9、ed to paint the wall.7.lose ones life 喪失生命 save ones life 挽救某人的生命eg：He lost his life in the car accident.8.enough adj.足夠的 充足的 后接名詞n. enough money adv.足夠地 修飾形容詞/副詞 enough要后置eg：The book is_,but I dont have enough money _it.A.enough interesting; to buy B.interesting enough; to buyC.interesting enough;

10、buying D.enough interesting; buying 9. the importance of (doing)sth （做）某事的重要性important adj.重要的 unimportant adj.不重要的 importance n.重要性eg：We students should know the importance of (learning)English.10.decision n.決定 make a decision (to do sth)decide to do sth 決定做某事 decide not to do sth 決定不做某事 eg：Tom mad

11、e a decision to study English well.11.give up 放棄 give up 是動(dòng)詞+副詞結(jié)構(gòu) 接代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí) 代詞放中間eg：The problem is so difficult for you,but dont _A. give it up B.give it out C.give up it D.give out it give up doing sth 放棄做某事eg：You will be very sad if you give up_(sing).12.keep 用法 keep on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事 （中間有間隔 強(qiáng)調(diào)重復(fù)性）

12、eg：He kept on studying though he was very tired. keep doing sth 繼續(xù)不停地做某事（不間斷 連續(xù)性）eg：Keep walking until you reach the end of the road. keep sb doing 讓某人一直做某事eg：Dont keep the other students waiting. keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事eg：We should keep the little boy from stepping on the grass.13.find 用法 fi

13、nd找到，強(qiáng)調(diào)尋找的結(jié)果 look for強(qiáng)調(diào)尋找過(guò)程 find out找出查明eg：I was looking for my watch，but I didnt find it. find sb doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事eg：When I walked along the road,I found an old man shouting for help. find it +adj形容詞+to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是.的eg：She found it hard to finish the work by herself.14.take risks=take a risk 冒

14、險(xiǎn) He likes taking risks. risk ones life to do 冒著生命危險(xiǎn)去做某事 eg：He risked his life to save the child. risk doing stheg: The man called Tom often risks flying over the sea.四、短語(yǔ)辨析1. see sb doing sth 看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事（動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生）see sb do sth 看見(jiàn)某人做某事（看到動(dòng)作全過(guò)程或者經(jīng)?？吹絼?dòng)作發(fā)生）eg：I saw the boy crying when I passed by（路過(guò)）.類(lèi)似的 h

15、ear/watch/notice/find+sb do/doing sththanks to 多虧. 由于.=with the help of/with ones help=because of thanks for 因.而感謝 強(qiáng)調(diào)感謝的原因 eg：Thanks to my teacher ,I passed the exam.Thanks for your help .Thanks for inviting me.2. in time 及時(shí) 表示動(dòng)作在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)或比規(guī)定時(shí)間提前發(fā)生 on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) 按時(shí) 指正好在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)eg：Thanks for coming here to he

16、lp me in time.The train arrived into the station on time.火車(chē)準(zhǔn)時(shí)進(jìn)站了。3. think about 考慮 think of 認(rèn)為 ；想起eg：I only thought about saving the boy without thinking about anything.The picture makes me think of my grandfather.What do you think of your English teacher?=How do you like your teacher?4. too many ;

17、too much; much too; too many ;too much 修飾名詞 too many+可數(shù)名詞;too much+不可數(shù)名詞eg：too many people too much water/homework much too 修飾adj.形容詞 eg：Dont eat _junk food,or you will be _fat.A. much too;too much B.too many;too many C.too much;much too D.too much;too many 5. interesting 有趣的 一般修飾物 interested 感興趣的 一

18、般修飾人習(xí)慣用法：get/become/be interested in sth/doing sth 對(duì).感興趣eg：She became interested in singing songs.The story is interesting and all of us are interested in it.6. because 連詞 后接句子because of 介詞短語(yǔ)后接名詞/動(dòng)名詞/代詞eg：I didnt go out last night because of the heavy rain.=I didnt go out last night because it raine

19、d heavily.7. so.that. 如此.以至于. 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 so that 以便，為了 引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句eg：She is so young that she cant dress herself.（結(jié)果）The teacher spoke loudly so that everyone could hear him clearly.（目的） so +adj/adv +that 從句= too+adj/adv+to do sth （太.而不能.）She is too young to dress herself.8. be in control of 控制管理 主動(dòng)；反義詞組

20、-be out of control 無(wú)法管理 be in the control of 被控制管理 在.的控制之下 被動(dòng).eg：A teacher must be in control of his class.9. run out of 用完，用盡 人作主語(yǔ) We have run out of our money. run out 用完，用盡 物作主語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)一般為時(shí)間金錢(qián) Our time is running out.10. sick 生病的，有病的 可以作表語(yǔ) 也可以做定語(yǔ) ill 生病的，有病的 只可以作表語(yǔ) 比較級(jí)為worse 最高級(jí)為worst illness 名詞 生病 eg

21、：She cant go to school because she is ill/because of her illness.Please take good care of the sick boy.11. expect/wish/hope expect 預(yù)計(jì)；期望，希望 expect to do/expect sb to do sth/expect+that 從句eg：He expects to win the prize. wish 希望；祝愿 可能性較小 wish to do sth/wish sb to do sth/eg：I wish to fly in the sky. ho

22、pe 可能性較大 希望 hope to do sth /hope +that 從句（沒(méi)有hope sb to do sth）eg：I hope to see you soon.12. get off 下車(chē) get on 上車(chē)多指從公交車(chē)火車(chē)飛機(jī)下來(lái) 空間大的交通工具 get out of 從.出來(lái) get in上去 指上下小型交通工具 汽車(chē) 出租車(chē)eg：Lucy is getting on the bus while I am getting off.13. fall(fell) down 與 fall off fall down 意為“倒下”，在平面摔倒； fall off 意為“跌落”強(qiáng)調(diào)

23、從某處掉了下來(lái) 聯(lián)系 fall down from（從.摔下）=fall offeg：When the little girl ran across the street,she fell downHe fell off the bike and broke his legs.4、 語(yǔ)法大點(diǎn)1. 詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方哪里不舒服，或者遇到什么麻煩以及回答 問(wèn)：Whats the matter（with you ）?=Whats the troubl（with you）?=Whats wrong（with you）=What happened（to you）?=Whats up （with you）? 答：I

24、 have a cold （感冒）=I get a cold =I catch a cold= I have the flu. have a bad/terrible/heavy cold（重感冒） have a little cold（輕感冒） I have a fever （發(fā)燒） I have a cough（咳嗽） I have a stomachache/headache/toothache/backache（胃痛/頭疼/牙疼/后背疼） I have a sore throat/sore knee/sore feet （嗓子疼/膝蓋疼/腳疼）2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 should 意為“應(yīng)該” 課本原句：You shouldnt eat so much next time. He should lie down and rest. He should a dentist and get an X-ray. Should I put some medicine on it?注意：should 沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化 它和其后的動(dòng)詞原形一起做謂語(yǔ) 句式變化： 肯定句： 主語(yǔ)+should+動(dòng)詞原形+其他eg：You should read his new book. 否定句： 主語(yǔ)+should+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他eg：You shouldnt ea