定語從句在句中修飾某個(gè)名詞或代詞

1、Unit18 GrammarThe Attributive Clausehttp:/1. 定語從句在句中修飾某個(gè)名詞或代詞定語從句在句中修飾某個(gè)名詞或代詞,被定語被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和冠詞副詞。詞分為關(guān)系代詞和冠詞副詞。when, where, whywho, whom, whose, that, which, as起連詞作用，本身在起連詞作用，本身在從句中作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)從句中作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因狀語?；蛟驙钫Z。起連詞作用，本身作起連詞作用，本身作從句的主語、賓語、從句的主語、賓語、表語或定語。表語或定語。關(guān)系副詞關(guān)

2、系副詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞2. 掌握以上關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞的含義及使用時(shí)掌握以上關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞的含義及使用時(shí),要特別注意以下幾點(diǎn)要特別注意以下幾點(diǎn):1). 指人時(shí)宜用指人時(shí)宜用who的情況的情況:a. 當(dāng)先行詞是當(dāng)先行詞是one, ones, anyone或或those時(shí)時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用關(guān)系代詞用who.Anyone who goes there will be punished.Theres a beautiful girl who came to see you this morning.b. 在在there be開頭的句子中。開頭的句子中。I met a foreigner in the

3、city last week who could speak Chinese well.c.先行詞后有一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的定語。先行詞后有一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的定語。She has a brother, who worked at that factory ten years ago.d.在非限定性定語從句中。在非限定性定語從句中。2)、指物時(shí)宜用、指物時(shí)宜用that的情況：的情況：All that can be done has been done.a. 當(dāng)先行詞為當(dāng)先行詞為all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing

4、等不定代詞時(shí)等不定代詞時(shí).He spoke of the men and the things (that) he had seen. b. 當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)。當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)。This is one of the best films that I have ever seen.c.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。This is the very book that I am looking for.d. 當(dāng)先行詞被當(dāng)先行詞被the very, the only, the last, any, every 等修飾時(shí)。等修飾時(shí)。Who t

5、hat has such a home doesnt love it?c. 當(dāng)先行詞時(shí)疑問詞當(dāng)先行詞時(shí)疑問詞who, what, which時(shí)。時(shí)。Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.f. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語。關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語。3). 只能用只能用which不能用不能用that的情況：的情況：Bruce went towards the fire, which was still smoking.Tom came back late, which made his parents very angry.This is the

6、house in which Lu Xun once lived.b. 關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語。關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語。a. 引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句修飾某物或整個(gè)句子。引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句修飾某物或整個(gè)句子。4). 關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞as和和which都能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句都能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句代表整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，代表整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，as引導(dǎo)的從句可位于句首引導(dǎo)的從句可位于句首或句末，或句末，which引導(dǎo)的定語從句則不能位于句首。引導(dǎo)的定語從句則不能位于句首。Which you know, he is a good man.( )As you know, he is a good man.( )

7、FT5).當(dāng)先行詞被當(dāng)先行詞被the same修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞既可修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞既可用用that，也可用，也可用as，但意義不同。，但意義不同。This is the same book that lent you yesterday. 這是我昨天借給你的書。（這是我昨天借給你的書。（ ）This is the same book as I lent you yesterday.同一本書同一本書這本書和我昨天借給你的那本一樣。（這本書和我昨天借給你的那本一樣。（ ）同樣一本書同樣一本書6).關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞when, where, why其含義相當(dāng)于其含義相當(dāng)于on which, in wh

8、ich, for which等，可以互換：等，可以互換：The day when / on which I met him first was May 1st.I dont know the reason why / for which he didnt come.7). whose指物時(shí)指物時(shí),可以與可以與 of which等結(jié)構(gòu)等結(jié)構(gòu)互換，但應(yīng)注意與冠詞的關(guān)系。互換，但應(yīng)注意與冠詞的關(guān)系。This is the book the cover of which / of which the cover / whose cover is blue.8). 有時(shí)可用有時(shí)可用that代替關(guān)系副詞。

9、在口語中常省略。代替關(guān)系副詞。在口語中常省略。This is the reason why / for which / that he came late.9).先行詞是專有名詞、整個(gè)句子或世界上獨(dú)一無先行詞是專有名詞、整個(gè)句子或世界上獨(dú)一無二的物質(zhì)名詞時(shí)，一般用非限定性定語從句修飾。二的物質(zhì)名詞時(shí)，一般用非限定性定語從句修飾。The sun, which gives us light and heat, is very big.10).在先行詞和定語從句之間有無逗號(hào)有時(shí)會(huì)引起句在先行詞和定語從句之間有無逗號(hào)有時(shí)會(huì)引起句意的變化：意的變化：He said nothing that made h

10、er angry.他沒說使她生氣的話。他沒說使她生氣的話。He said nothing, which made her angry.他一言不發(fā)，這使她非常生氣。他一言不發(fā)，這使她非常生氣。His brother, who is a soldier, will come to see him.對(duì)比下面兩句有何不同對(duì)比下面兩句有何不同? ?His brother who is a soldier will come to see him.定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)定語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1. I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the country wit

11、h the farmers, _ has a great effect on my life.A. that; which B. when, which C. which; that D. when; who2. Wilma became the first American woman to win three Olympic gold medals in track, _ made her mother very proud.A. it B. that C. which D. thisBC3. Can you tell me the name of the factory _ you vi

12、sited last week?A. what B. where C. / D. when4. I dont like the way _ you speak to her.A. / B. in that C. which D. of which5. The most important thing _ we should pay attention to is the first thing_ I have said.A. which; that B. that; whichC. which; which D. that; thatCAD6. She spent the whole even

13、ing talking about the things and person _ none of us has ever heard of.A. which B. who C. whom D. that7. He never reads anything _ is not worth reading.A. which B. as C. who D. that8. I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV.A. that B. which C. as D. itDDC9. _ was expected, he failed in the

14、 exam.A. That B. As C. Which D. It10. I can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together.A. when; which B. which; whenC. what; that D. on which; when11. The children climbed up the hill, _ they picnicked.A. on its top B. on the top of itC. on whose top D. on the top of t

15、hatBAC12. I still remember the day _ I first came to the college.A. on which B. in whichC. at which D. which13.The factory_ his mother works is in the east of the city.A. that B. which C. on which D. where14. The place _ interested me most was the Childrens Palace.A. which B. where C. what D. in whichADA16. Is this the house _Jim was born?A. at where B. which C. in which D. at that17