動物實驗利與弊

1、動物實驗利與弊論點 1（：正方）不人道 First of all,the main disadvantage of animal testingis theinhumanetreatmentofanimalsintests duetothefactthatanesthesiafor the helpofpainis oftennotused. Scientists say thatusinganesthesiawillinterferewithtestresults.Todaythe term“ vivisection” is used. Vivisection is defined as“

2、cutting while stbut it is more commonlyusedtoday as anyharmfulexperimentortest that is performed on an animal. Animal experimentation involvesthe incarcerationof animalsandpoisoning,mutilation,disease andkillingofthose individuals.Itisarguablythe mostbrutal and mostsevereform ofviolenceinthemodernwo

3、rld. Itissaidthatanestimated 50,000 animals die due to the testing on them. Some of thetests that IAMS performed were:28 female cats had their abdomens（腹部）cut open andsolution injected repeatedly into their bowels.24 young dogs were given kidney failure by the removal of onekidney and the damaging o

4、f the other. All the dogs were killedafter being fed an experimental diet and their kidneys analyzed.論點 2 ：（正方） 可有別的措施Many alternatives already exist, and theremust be many more which are waiting to be found.The day willsurely come when not more experiments on animals will need to bedone for human m

5、edicine. it's hared to say there will always bealternatives for veterinary research, The most common alternativesthat are used today are: in-vitro tests, computer software, and evenhuman“ clinical tests” . The use of animal cells, organs, and tissuecultures are also deemed as alternatives,（反駁正方）

6、 however animal lives are still sacrificed for the use of their parts. We can only talk about banning experimentation when the alternatives have been proved to accurate, and safe.be （反方反駁）As a medical student,I'verealized that artificial means can never replace the incrediblecomplexity of living

7、 animals. It may not be possible to ban all animaltests quite yet, but there should be a lot more money, time andefforts going into finding alternatives.新論點 3 ：正方：動物也有權(quán)利Could anyone tell me why humans aremore important than any other animals? Could anyone please tell methe fundamental reason why hum

8、an suffering is 'absolutely' moreimportant than animal suffering, why the intense agony experiencedby a laboratory animal is inconsequential（不重要的，微不足道的）when view against the same or even lesser degree of suffering withina human. Of course We see ourselves as more important than otherspecies,

9、 as I'm sure other self-realising species see themselves, butwe cannot use this flimsy(輕而薄的 ), subjective （主觀上的）argument as an excuse to totally disregard the feelings of otherspecies. You wouldn't like it if some alien race claiming to be the most"important" turned up and squirted

10、 alien cosmetics in your mother'seye, would you? So I think animals should have the same rights as us.You wouldn't like it if people were doing any kind of experiment onyou. Humankind has absolutely no right to use animals for anyreason whatsoever, especially for experimental use.新 論點 4 正方 類

11、比種族We conduct such experiments simply becausewe have physical dominance over all other species and thus we canexploit them at our will. But then where lies the contradictionbetween this form exploitation and that shown within the humanspecies, such as the physical dominance that allowed Europeans to

12、exploit Africans in the slave trade. Why should I be utterly indifferentto animal suffering because I stand to gain from it, yet I am morallyobliged to be passionate about human suffering whether or not itcould be for my personal betterment.新論點 5：正方動物實驗有時候真的沒有必要.I understand the concernsovermedicalt

13、estingand "humanneeds overanimallives",but thetesting obviously doesn't work because there is still AIDS, cancer andall the otherdiseases thatthese tests are supposedto be curing.Ifmedicaltests reallyare needed, why can't there be a more humaneway to do it? Why not use people's

14、 cells, skin etc. Human volunteersshould be used for final testing rather than animals.最后總結(jié)（正方）All in all, the animals can not tell the scientist thatthey don t want to be tested on, but humans can. We need to talk forthe animals and help stop this cruel and inhumane treatment. Thereare many other w

15、ays that products and medicine can be tested; use of innocent animals is no longer need ed. Let us turn down cures that have been tested on animals. Thank you.the反方開場： For those opposed to all animal testing, please answer 'Yes' or'No' to the following questions1. Are you vegetarian?

16、2. Do you avoid buying leather shoes or clothes?3. Would you allow yourself or a loved one to suffer or even diebecausethenecessarytreatmenthadbeendevelopedusinglaboratory animals?If you answered'Yes' toALL of the above, thenyou are free fromhypocrisy （偽善，虛偽）in your moral stance(l立場姿態(tài) ).論點 1

17、 ：我們需要動物實驗Animals testing is really necessary.分論點（ 1 ）患者的需要First of all , all the patients are in the need of thetesting. Why? Could you realize that the animals you believe are beingharmed,have notonlyimpactedyourlives in some way, buthaveimpactedyourfamilies,friends,by providingpeoplewithvaccinesa

18、nd antibiotics. When it comes down to it, rightly or wrongly, we willall happily sacrifice an animal in order to save a loved one! Millions oflives are saved every year because of one animal s,raresults to eithedrug or new form of surgery. Tell me that Which would you prefer tolive -an illchildor a

19、healthybunny? Withrightscomeresponsibilities- whatresponsibilitiestoanimals have? Howmanypeoplewhoadvocatebanning animaltestinghave acceptedmedicines which have almost surely been tested on animals. A movetowards animal rights means a move away from human rights.分論點（ 2 ）科學研究的需要The second, animal tes

20、ting is the mostpredominant form of testing used by scientists. Animal research playsa vital, and irreplaceable, role in such fields as drug and cancerresearch.The phase of research on animals gave us essential datawhich moved us on. The knowledge so gained is being used toprovide more effective tre

21、atment for seriously disabled humans.Theresults they yield bring a new outlook on life for millions around theworld. If animal testing is banned, how will medicines be developed?Will cures have to be tried only on humans? Will there be enoughvolunteers? How about lawsuits by families of victims of i

22、mperfectlydesigned cures? A complete ban on animal testing will have veryserious negative effects on medical research. I believe thatdeveloping better, more effective and safer drugs is more importantthan sparing a few rats. (反駁正方觀點)Alternatives to animal testingmust be developed but even these alte

23、rnatives will require animaltesting in order to compare results. Will the animal rights activistsendorse （贊同）any responsibility of the disastrous effects of theirrosy cuddly thoughts? I doubt it.分論點（ 3 ）安全性需要The third, It is imperative（必要的）that alldrugs released onto the market are safe for humans t

24、o use. I feel thatanimaltestingis necessaryforthe continuationof biologicalandsafetyresearch.Evenwithanimal&peopletesting,dangerousproducts still get on the market, imagine how many more will be onthe market if we ban animal testing.論點 2 ：物競天擇Animal rights protesters are just a bunch of city dwe

25、llers who don'treally understand how life works. Nature is predatory, the strongestsurvive, and by testing drugs and medical research on animals whichcreates cures for human diseases, then those animals died to help ussurvive. A simple extrapolation of the law of nature .論點 3 ：采取相應的彌補措施：While we should never hurt animals in the interest of paltry（無價值的 ）cosmetics,researchforlife-savingdrugsandtechniquesrequireslimiteduse of realanimals.I agreethatanimaltestingshould be continued, but agre