閱讀理解詞義猜測題

1、閱讀理解詞義猜測題詞義猜測題就是考查考生在閱讀時不用查詞典，僅僅通過上下文的意思就能猜測出生詞詞義的能力。突出考查考生對語境的分析和把握能力?？疾榈脑~有時為新詞，有時為熟詞新義。設(shè)問方式：對單詞意思的猜測：1. The underlined word in the paragraph refers to / means2. What does the word ""In paragraph stand for /mean?3. ""could best be replaced by which of the following?4. the word &

2、quot; is closest in mea ning to.對短語意思的猜測1. The expression /phrase "" Means2. the un derl ined expressi on/ phrase in paragraph refers to / means3. " could best be replaced by which of the follow ing?4. the phrase “ is closest in meaning to對句子意思的猜測：1. The sentence "."indicate

3、s that2. The un derli ned sentence implies /mea ns that3. what does the un derl ined sentence mean?4. By "",the author means that.對代詞的意思猜測What does the word ""Underlined in the last paragraph refer to ?What does the un derl ined word refer to?解題技巧：1 根據(jù)單詞的前綴或后綴猜測單詞的意思2. 注意文章中能夠解釋生

4、詞的定義性語句3. 根據(jù)單詞與文章其他局部的關(guān)系，通過比照、因果、比較等方法猜測詞義。4. 根據(jù)同義詞或近義詞猜測詞義答題步驟1. 首先要認(rèn)真閱讀文章，對文章的容有一個大體的了解，把握好文章的整體脈絡(luò)。2. 對題目中出現(xiàn)的要求考生猜測的短語、單詞或句子的局部進(jìn)展反復(fù)的閱讀，力求從一 下句或一些定義性的語句中找到有用的信息。3. 將猜出的單詞、短語或句子的意思帶入文中進(jìn)展檢驗(yàn)，看是否符合上下句的意思，文 章上下是否銜接、連貫。方法指導(dǎo)：單詞：對單詞的意思猜測時要利用構(gòu)詞法、同義詞、近義詞、反義詞或提示句進(jìn)展猜測，并通過文章的大意來驗(yàn)證。1.根據(jù)上下文解釋作出判斷根據(jù)短文中出現(xiàn)一個需猜測其意義的詞

5、或短語，在上文或下文出現(xiàn)其定義或解釋，這就是判斷該詞或短語意義的主要依據(jù)。例 1 The reas on for the size differe nee was easy to see. Once a subord in ate fish grows to with in 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the ev

6、icted fish is then eaten up. 09C66. The un derl ined words“ the evicted fish" in Paragraph 3 refer to.A. the fish beate n upB. the fish found outC. the fish fatte ned upD. the fish drive n away分析：從前面的"bei ng driven away "可知，得出答案是 .2根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折或比照關(guān)系判斷根據(jù)上下句的連接詞，如but, however, otherwise等就可以看到前后

7、句在意義上的差異，從而依據(jù)某一句的含義，來確定另一句的含義。另外，分號；丨也可以表示轉(zhuǎn)折、比照或不相于的意義。例 2 July 21 st , 2007 was a typical English summer' s dayt rained for 24 hours! Asusual, I rushed home from work at midday to check on the house. Noth ing was amiss. Bythe time I lift work at 5 pm, however, the road into our village was floo

8、ded. Our house bad n ever bee n flooded but, as I ope ned the front door, a wave of water greeted me. Tha nkGod the kids weren' twith me, because the house was 5 feet deep in wa ter. We lost everyth ing dow nstairs. And the plaster had to be torn off the walls, ceili ngs pulled dow n.45. What do

9、es the un derl ined word“ amissn the first paragraph mean?A. Wrong. B. Missi ng. C. Right.D. Fou nd.分析：根據(jù) however，可以猜測出 nothing was amiss 與 the road into our village was flooded 是相反的，因此答案為.4. 根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法轉(zhuǎn)化、合成、派生進(jìn)展判斷在英語中，有很多詞可以在其前面加前綴或后綴構(gòu)成另一個詞。掌握了一定的構(gòu)詞法便可輕松猜出它的詞義。5. 根據(jù)因果關(guān)系進(jìn)展判斷08 全國二 BIn nu triti on 營養(yǎng)it wa

10、s all good n ews too. This ni ce-tast ing pin eapple contained four times more vitamin C 維生素 C than the old green variety. Nutritionists said that it was not only full of vitam ins, but also good aga inst some diseases. People were un dersta ndably eager tobe able to buy this won derful fruit. Thene

11、w type ofpin eapple was selli ng fast, and the Del Monte Gold pin eapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basket of the healthy eater.62. The underlined word “ fixture in Paragraph 3 probably refers to somethingA. that people enjoy eati ng B. that is always prese ntC. that is difficult to ge

12、t D. that people use as a gift分析：根據(jù)對該水果在營養(yǎng)，口味等方面的優(yōu)勢分析，得出它是購物者的菜籃中的不可或缺的水果。答案為 B。6. 根據(jù)同位關(guān)系進(jìn)展判斷在篇章中有時出現(xiàn)新詞、難詞，后面就跟著一個同位語，對前面的詞進(jìn)展解釋，有時這種解釋也用連詞or連接。7. 利用文章中的舉例來猜測詞義可以用從具體到一般，根據(jù)文章所舉的例子，猜出該詞的意思。08C You can perhaps help with this. The collection of contributions towards gifts for employees ' pers onalif

13、e eve nts is beco ming a little troubli ng. Certa inly, the group sending of a gift is reas on able now and the n. In the past mon th, however, there have bee n collect ions for two baby shower gifts, one weddi ng shower gift, two weddi ng gifts, one funeral葬禮remembranee, four birthday gifts, and th

14、ree graduation gifts.63. The underlined word“ contributio'hs probably means.A. money B. suggestio nsC. reports D. un dersta nding分析：根據(jù)后面the group sending of a gift is reasonable等猜測出應(yīng)當(dāng)是買禮物所需要的錢。得出答案.& 利用同義詞或反義詞來猜測詞義09 全國二 Aknow what you ' re thinking: pizza比薩餅？ For breakfast? But the trut

15、h is that you can have last night' s leftovers in the a.m. if you want to.41. The word"leftovefs in paragraph I probably means .A. food rema ining after a mealB. thi ngs left undoneC. meals made of vegetablesD. pizza topped with fruit9.利用常識來猜測詞義句子：對句子意思的理解需要我們對文章有一個整體的理解，然后來分析句子在上下文的意思，從而推知

16、句子在文章中的意思。(08D) When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend. He was in despair(失望)and I wasin despair. But our frien dship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sun day for five w

17、eeks and found many excelle nt thi ngs. We walked un til our despairs disappeared and the n we parted. We gave London to each other.67. In Paragraph 3,“ We gave London to each othe'f probably means.A. our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of usB. we were un willi ng to tear ours

18、elves away from LondonC. our un pleasa nt feeli ng about London disappearedD. we parted with each other in London08E On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero- calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don have to work t

19、o get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resista nee and struggle.73. In Paragraph 3,“ gain comes without pain " probably means.A. losi ng weight is effortlessB. it costs a lot to lose weightC. diet products bring no painD. diet

20、 products are free from calories09CSo far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. "We have a very limitednumber of studies, so we're almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管),"architect David Allis on says. "How do you take an swers to very specific questi ons

21、andmake broad, gen eralized use of them? That's what we're all struggli ng with."66. The un derl ined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that.A. the problem is not approached step by stepB. the researches so far have faults in themselvesC. the problem is too difficult for res

22、earchers to detectD research in this area is not eno ugh to make gen eralized patter ns D(09) The govemment of indin has planned to send a team to China to see how things are done A mi nister once said that in dia must ope n the doors for more foreig n in vestme nt 投資and such a step would “ work won

23、 ders as it did for ChinaBut it ' s a-tway streat ,I just heard about a thousand shenzhen office workers who have gone to ran galore to train in software .Mca nwhile , all the IT majors are sett ing up a strong ptese nce in Chi na.No wonder that trade , which was only in the millions just ten ye

24、ars ago ,is expected to his about us$15 billi on for last year and us$20 billi on by 2021, a goal set by both gover nmen ts, 57 What does the author mean by-itaystEeettvinparagraph 10?A Chi na and In dia have differe nt traffic rulesB Tea trade works won ders in beth in dia and ChinaC Chin ese pridu

25、cts are popular in both China and In dia,D The excha nges betwee n In dia and China ben efit both09The idea came from Peter Omidyar, who was born in Paris and moved to Washington when he was still a child, At high school, be became very interested in computer programming and after graduating from Tu

26、ft University in 1988, He worked for the next few years as a computer cagineer. In his free time he started Bay as a kind of hobby, at first offeri ng the service free by word of mouth. By 1996 there was so much traffic on the website that he had to upgrade 升級and he began charging a fee to members.

27、Joined by a friend, Peter Skill. and in 1998 by his capable CEO, Meg Whima n, he has n ever looked back. Even in the great. crashes of the late 1990s,abay has gone from stre ngth to stre ngth ,. It is now one of the ten most visited on li ne shopp ing websites on the Internet62. From “ he hever look

28、ed back "in Paragraph 2 we lear n that peter_A. did n ot feel Ion elyB. was always hopefulC. did not think about the pastD. became more and more successful短語短語：對短語的意思猜測主要是根據(jù)對上下文的理解、文章在的邏輯關(guān)系以與對課文整體意思的理解來推斷09CHonesty comes in many forms. First there ' s se-fionesty. Is what people see the rea

29、l article or do you appear through smoke and mirrors? I find that if I try to be someth ing I ' m not , I feel unsure of myself and take out a part from my PBApersonal bank account .I love how sin ger Judy Gar land put it,“ Always be a fii-cBass version 版本of yourself ,in stead of a sec on d-clas

30、s version of somebody else ."49. The underlined part “ appear through smoke and mirrors " in the first paragraph means A. to be hon estB. to be un realC. to become clear D. to come from an imagined world B09 陸空 CThe program allows users to display alerts on the missing computer' s scre

31、enand eve n to set a spoke n message. Track ing software for stole n laptops has bee n on the market for some time, but this is thought to be the first that allows owners to give the thief a piece of their mind.72. The expression “togive the thief a piece of their mind " can be understood as“aA

32、. to give the thief an alert mi nd B. to express the owners ' eantg the thiefC. to remind the thief of his conscience D. to make the thief give up his mind B09BWe studied the board critically. Some of US looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard , rocking the sheets t

33、o the fight or left while we conjured up our desig ns. Others twisted their hair around their fin gers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. We had plans for that ten dollar grand prize , each andevery one of US. I'm going to spe nd mine on can dies, one hopeful would announce , whilean

34、other practiced looking serious , wise and rich.47. The un derl ined phrase in paragraph 3 most probably means.A. formed an idea forB. made an outline forC. made some space forD. chose some colors for(A)09AMy grandfather came from Hungary and was the only one in his family who settled down in the Un

35、ited States.The rest of his family remained in Europe.When World War I broke out ,he seemed to have become another man,downherated.Such obvious change was not born out of his welfare,but out of fear.if his only son,my uncle,had to go to war,it would be cousin fighting aga inst cous in.One day in 191

36、8,my Uncle Milt on receved his draft no tice.My gra ndpare nts were very upset,But my mother,at the age of 10,felt on top of the world about her soldier brother going off to war.Realizing how he was regarded by his little sister and all of her friends,my uncle bought them al service pins,which meant

37、 that they had a loved one in the service.All the little girls were delighted.52. The un derli ned phrase“ draft n oticeea ns “A.order for army serviceB.tra in ticket for EuropeC.l etter of reject ionD.note of wari ng53. What did the“ servicepins°ara.2)sta nd for in the dyes of the little girls

38、?A.Stre ngth. B.Courage.C.Victory. D.Ho nor.代詞：代詞：我們要在理解全文意思的根底上，通過對上下句或上下文的理解來推測代詞在句中的指代對象。文章中的代詞it, that, he hi,或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it或that還可以指一件事。有時代詞與其指代的對象相隔較遠(yuǎn)，有時需要對前面提到的容進(jìn)展總結(jié)才能得出代詞所指代的事，遇到這種情況要認(rèn)真分析原文。08 全國二 AThe next day my dad pulled out his childhood pictures and told me quite a few stories a

39、bout his own childhood. Although our times together became easier over the years, I never felt closer to him at that moment. After so many years, I' m at last seeinganother side of my father. And in so doing, I' m delightyhewfriend. My dad, in hisnew home in Ariz on a, is back to me from whe

40、re he was.59. The underlined words“ my new frie'hd in the last paragraph refer to.A. the author ' s son B. the author ' s fatherB. the friend of the author' s fDththe caf owner09AWe were in Bost on, a place not always known for small con versati on betwee n stra ngers. The woma n sto

41、pped uni oad ing her basket and looked up at me. She smiled. It was a nice smile -warm and reassuri ng -and I retur ned her gift by smili ng back.42 . What does the underlined phrase“ her"giParagraph 2 refer to?A. Her words. B . Her smile. C. Her flowers. D. her politeness.09EOne might get a bi

42、t more energy out of the ethanol than that used to make it, whichcould still mak e etha nol more susta in able tha n gas gen erally, but that' s not the end of theproblem. Using corn to make ethanol means less corn is left to feed animals and people, which drives up the cost of food. That result

43、 leads to tur ning the fallow land in clud ing, insome cases, rain forest i n places such as Brazil into farmla nd, which in turn gives off“ itn the sec ond paragraph refers toB. the forest lossD. burning etha nollots of carb on dioxide CO2into the air. Fin ally, over many years, the en ergy ben efi

44、t from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss. But by then, climate change would have progressed so far that it might not help.58. The un derl ine wordA. the en ergy ben efitC. climate cha nge09BOf course, the good of oxe n is no t limited to plow ing.In fact, they are see n as "boats onland" for their ability to ca