中考英語非謂語動(dòng)詞

1、中考英語非謂語動(dòng)詞中考英語非謂語動(dòng)詞第一頁，共37頁。非謂語動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)第二頁，共37頁。中考考查重點(diǎn)中考考查重點(diǎn)l一。其考查重點(diǎn)為：一。其考查重點(diǎn)為：lit作形式主語、賓語的用法作形式主語、賓語的用法l感官動(dòng)詞后不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語和動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞后不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語和動(dòng)詞ing形式作形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法；賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法；l動(dòng)詞不定式與疑問代詞和疑問副詞的連用動(dòng)詞不定式與疑問代詞和疑問副詞的連用l一些特殊動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)不帶一些特殊動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)不帶to，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)就要帶但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)就要帶to；l有些動(dòng)詞既可接不定式也可接動(dòng)詞有些動(dòng)詞既可接不

2、定式也可接動(dòng)詞ing形式作形式作賓語，但表達(dá)的意思不同。賓語，但表達(dá)的意思不同。 第三頁，共37頁。在句子中充當(dāng)除謂語以外的句子成分的動(dòng)詞形式叫做非謂語動(dòng)詞在句子中充當(dāng)除謂語以外的句子成分的動(dòng)詞形式叫做非謂語動(dòng)詞它不受人稱和數(shù)的限制它不受人稱和數(shù)的限制 動(dòng)詞的基本用法是做放在主語之后做謂語。動(dòng)詞的基本用法是做放在主語之后做謂語。 eg. I eg. I workwork in a factory. in a factory. 當(dāng)句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)，如在需在別的位置上要用動(dòng)詞就只能用非謂語動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)，如在需在別的位置上要用動(dòng)詞就只能用非謂語動(dòng)詞，非謂語動(dòng)詞重要包括：非謂語動(dòng)詞重要

3、包括：動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式（to do)to do)、動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞、分詞分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞）（現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞） 非謂語動(dòng)詞的概念非謂語動(dòng)詞的概念第四頁，共37頁。一、動(dòng)詞不定式一、動(dòng)詞不定式1、動(dòng)詞不定式做主語、動(dòng)詞不定式做主語動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語時(shí),常用常用it做形式主語做形式主語,而將真而將真正的主語放在句末正的主語放在句末.其結(jié)構(gòu)是其結(jié)構(gòu)是 Its +adj.+of/ for sb + to do. Eg .To learn English well is usefulIt is useful for us to learn English well.注意：此時(shí)用

4、注意：此時(shí)用of還是用還是用for 關(guān)鍵是看形容詞形容的是關(guān)鍵是看形容詞形容的是什么，如果是形容做此事怎么樣用什么，如果是形容做此事怎么樣用for,反之如形容人反之如形容人的性格特征的用的性格特征的用of 第五頁，共37頁。1）Its very kind _you to help me.2）Its necessary _us to master a foreign language.Its nice _you to invite us.3) Its interesting _ us to play football.offoroffor1）一些動(dòng)詞只能用動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語。如）一些動(dòng)詞只能用動(dòng)詞

5、不定式做賓語。如:want, decide, hope, agree, wish, need ,promise, would like, plan等等。第六頁，共37頁。 只能接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞只能接不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞口訣：口訣： 決定想做計(jì)劃需要同意，能做被用來做的事決定想做計(jì)劃需要同意，能做被用來做的事 迫不及待下決心做過去常常未能做的事迫不及待下決心做過去常常未能做的事第七頁，共37頁。 決定想做計(jì)劃需要同意，能做被用來做的事決定想做計(jì)劃需要同意，能做被用來做的事 decide to do sth. 決定做某事決定做某事 want would like to do sth. 想做某事想

6、做某事 plan to do sth. 計(jì)劃做某計(jì)劃做某 need to do sth. 需要做某事需要做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事同意做某事 afford to do 能做某事能做某事 be used to do 被用來做被用來做第八頁，共37頁。 迫不及待下決心做過去常常未能做的事 cant wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事迫不及待地要做某事 make up ones mind to do 下決心做某事下決心做某事 used to do 過去常常做某事過去常常做某事 fail to do 未能做某事未能做某事第九頁，共37頁。eg. We hope_(see

7、) the film. Would you like _(go) with us?to seeto go2)在在find, think后用后用it做形式賓語，而將真正的賓語做形式賓語，而將真正的賓語放在句末。放在句末。Eg. I find _necessary _ (master) a foreign language.to seeitto master3）常見的一些用不帶）常見的一些用不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語，這類動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語，這類動(dòng)詞有：詞有：Why not do-,had better(not) do, would rather do- than do, could/would

8、 you please doEg. I would rather _(stay) at home than _(go) out.staygo第十頁，共37頁。3.不定式做賓補(bǔ)不定式做賓補(bǔ)1)不定式做賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，與賓語之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)不定式做賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，與賓語之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，常見的動(dòng)詞有系，常見的動(dòng)詞有tell, ask,want, allow, get, invite, encourage等。否定形式在等。否定形式在to do前加前加notMy mother often encourages me _(study) hard.We dont allow people _(smoke) he

9、re. The students are often told_(not give) up. He asked me _(not drive) here.to studyto smokenot to givenot to drive第十一頁，共37頁。 接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞口訣：口訣： 請(qǐng)求與命令請(qǐng)求與命令 想要邀請(qǐng)期待鼓勵(lì)與建議想要邀請(qǐng)期待鼓勵(lì)與建議 答應(yīng)告誡允許提醒和幫助答應(yīng)告誡允許提醒和幫助第十二頁，共37頁。請(qǐng)求與命令 ask sb. to do sth. 請(qǐng)求某人做某事請(qǐng)求某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事命令某人做某事

10、第十三頁，共37頁。想要邀請(qǐng)期待鼓勵(lì)與建議 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事想要某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事期待某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事鼓勵(lì)某人做某事 advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事建議某人做某事 第十四頁，共37頁。 答應(yīng)告誡允許提醒和幫助答應(yīng)告誡允許提醒和幫助 promise sb. to do 答應(yīng)某人做某事答應(yīng)某人做某事 warn sb. not to do sth. 告

11、誡某人做某事告誡某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事允許某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事幫助某人做某事第十五頁，共37頁。 省略省略to的情況的情況:l使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞+賓語賓語+賓補(bǔ)后：一感二聽三讓四看賓補(bǔ)后：一感二聽三讓四看feel/ hear, listen to/ let,make, have, / look at, see, watch, notice 通式：通式： see sb. do sthlhad better （n

12、ot）do sth. 最好最好(不不)做做lwhy not /why dont you do sth為什么不做為什么不做?l help sb.（to）do sthl Would rather do sth寧愿做寧愿做l would you please do sth情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+do助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞will/shall+do第十六頁，共37頁。2)使讓動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞用省略使讓動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞用省略to 的不定式做賓補(bǔ)的不定式做賓補(bǔ)Eg.1.The boss made the workers _(work) for another 2 hours. 2. I saw lucy _(go) out

13、just now.workgoEg. Would you like something _(eat)?There is nothing _(worry) about.Have you got anything else _(say)He is often the first one_(get) here.to eatto worryto sayto get注意：此時(shí)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)必須將to 加上.如： Lucy was seen to go out just now.第十七頁，共37頁。注意注意:動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式為：動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式為： not + to doMr.Smith asked

14、 the boy _(not play) this kind of game. not to playPlease have him _(not do) so much housework. not do第十八頁，共37頁。5.不定式放在疑問詞不定式放在疑問詞what, where, which how之后，之后，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)賓語從句此時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)賓語從句Eg. I dont know what _(do) tomorrow.=I dont know _ tomorrow.He didnt know where_(go) for the holiday.He didnt know where

15、_ for the holiday.I wonder how_(處理）it next.I wonder how _it next.I should deal withto doWhat I should doto deal withhe would goto go第十九頁，共37頁。二、動(dòng)名詞二、動(dòng)名詞1.動(dòng)名詞（短語）做主語，此時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)動(dòng)名詞（短語）做主語，此時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Eg. _ (collect) stamps _(be) my favorite.Collectingis2. keep, enjoy, preferto , mind, cant help, finish, f

16、eel like, practise ,Would you mind _(smoke) here?Knives are used for _(cut) things.smokingcutting第二十頁，共37頁。喜歡花費(fèi)忙著想象忍不住想要結(jié)束練習(xí)喜歡花費(fèi)忙著想象忍不住想要結(jié)束練習(xí) enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事喜歡做某事 spend.doing sth. 花費(fèi)花費(fèi)做某事做某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做忙于做 imagine sb. doing sth. 想象想象做某事做某事 cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事忍不住做某事 feel lik

17、e doing sth. 想要做某事想要做某事 finish doing sth. 完成做某事完成做某事 practice doing sth. 練習(xí)做某事練習(xí)做某事第二十一頁，共37頁。 miss doing sth. 錯(cuò)過做某事錯(cuò)過做某事 suggest doing sth. 建議做某事建議做某事 keep (on) doing sth. 保持（繼續(xù)）做某事保持（繼續(xù)）做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事介意做某事 be worth doing sth. 值得做某事值得做某事 consider doing sth. 考慮做某事考慮做某事錯(cuò)過建議保持介意值得考慮錯(cuò)過建議保持介意

18、值得考慮第二十二頁，共37頁。只能接只能接-ing作賓語的動(dòng)詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞口訣：口訣： 喜歡花費(fèi)忙著想象忍不住想要結(jié)束練習(xí)喜歡花費(fèi)忙著想象忍不住想要結(jié)束練習(xí) 錯(cuò)過建議保持介意值得考慮錯(cuò)過建議保持介意值得考慮 （押韻）（押韻）第二十三頁，共37頁。 介詞+doing ?？冀樵~?？冀樵~: at, in, on of, off, for, from up, about, without to 等等等等第二十四頁，共37頁。 be good at doing sth 擅長(zhǎng)做某事擅長(zhǎng)做某事 be interested in doing sth.對(duì)做某事感興趣對(duì)做某事感興趣 insist on doing

19、 堅(jiān)持做某事堅(jiān)持做某事 be used for doing sth. 被用來做某事被用來做某事 thank sb. for doing sth. 謝謝某人做某事謝謝某人做某事 be tired of doing sth. 厭煩做某事厭煩做某事 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事害怕做某事 第二十五頁，共37頁。put off doing 推遲做某事推遲做某事stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事give up doing sth. 放棄做某事放棄做某事without doing sth. 沒有做某事沒有做某事think about

20、 doing sth. 考慮做某事考慮做某事What How about doing 做某事怎么樣做某事怎么樣?第二十六頁，共37頁。此to 非彼to look forward to (doing) sth.（盼望）（盼望） pay attention to (doing) sth.（注意）（注意） be used to (doing) sth. （習(xí)慣于）（習(xí)慣于） prefer doing sth to doing sth更喜歡）更喜歡） devote to doing sth （致力于）（致力于） make a contribution to doing (做貢獻(xiàn)）做貢獻(xiàn)）對(duì)比：對(duì)比：p

21、refer to do sth (rather than do sth)第二十七頁，共37頁。1.做定語，單個(gè)的分詞作定語放在被修飾詞前，分詞短語作做定語，單個(gè)的分詞作定語放在被修飾詞前，分詞短語作定語放在被修飾詞的后面。定語放在被修飾詞的后面。三、分詞三、分詞。 分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞（動(dòng)詞分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞（動(dòng)詞+ing)和過去分詞兩種，和過去分詞兩種，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行，過去分詞表被動(dòng)或完成?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行，過去分詞表被動(dòng)或完成。1）The _(sleep) boy is my son.2) His _(speak) English is very good.3) Do you kn

22、ow the man _(stand) under the tree.4) The woman swept the leaves _(fall ) on the ground.fallenstandingspokensleeping第二十八頁，共37頁。2.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表伴隨現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表伴隨Eg. The students went out of the class, _ (talk) and _(laugh)talkinglaughingEg. Dont keep us _(wait) for so long.She speaks loudly to make herself_(h

23、ear).I heard her _(sing) in the next room when I passed by.We have to make our hair _(cut)waitingheardsingingcut第二十九頁，共37頁。四、注意區(qū)分：四、注意區(qū)分：1、動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語與動(dòng)名詞做賓語、動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語與動(dòng)名詞做賓語：無差別：無差別 begin , start Lets begin _(have) an English class.to have /having：有一定差別：有一定差別 like , love, hateDoing表示愛好，表示愛好，to do 表示具體動(dòng)

24、作。如：表示具體動(dòng)作。如：I like _(swim) a lot ,but this evening I love _(go) skating.swimmingto go第三十頁，共37頁。 C：差別很大：差別很大動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 to do sth.（未做）（未做）+doing sth.（已做）（已做）remember記得要做某事記得要做某事記得曾做某事記得曾做某事forget忘記做某事忘記做某事忘記做了某事忘記做了某事stop停下來去做另一事停下來去做另一事停止正做的事停止正做的事try盡力去做某事盡力去做某事嘗試做某事嘗試做某事第三十一頁，共37頁。She tried the door by

25、his key.她試著用她的鑰匙開門（看看有沒有用）。她試著用她的鑰匙開門（看看有沒有用）。opening她設(shè)法（盡力）打電話給你。她設(shè)法（盡力）打電話給你。She tried you .to callI remember the door just now.我記得我剛才開了門。我記得我剛才開了門。openingPlease remember the door after work.to close請(qǐng)記住下班后關(guān)門。請(qǐng)記住下班后關(guān)門。I forgot him the news.我忘記已經(jīng)告訴他這個(gè)消息了。我忘記已經(jīng)告訴他這個(gè)消息了。I forgot him the news .to tell我

26、忘記要告訴他這個(gè)消息。我忘記要告訴他這個(gè)消息。telling第三十二頁，共37頁。Test 一、一、選擇選擇1. He has promised better latter. A. behaving B. behave C. to behave2. He hated her. A. trouble B. to troubling C. to trouble 3. He stopped when the teacher came in. A. to talk B. talking C. talked4. I have finished the room. A. clean B. to read it C. cleaning5. I give you a book . A. to read B. to read it C. rea