初二英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、初二英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)(總結(jié)版)1.take : 拿走take sb. / sth. to someplace;take sth. with youbring: 帶來(lái)bring sth for a picnicIts going to rain, please take an umbrella with you.Youd better finish your homework today and bring it to school tomorrow.2.keep + 名詞 + 形容詞Keep the windows open, its hot here.keep sb doing sthIm s

2、orry Ive kept you waiting for a long time.keep表示“借”用于和一段時(shí)間連用：How long can I keep this book?3.let / make / have sb do sth讓?zhuān)ㄊ梗┠橙烁赡呈翷ets go to the zoo!How did he make the baby stop crying?4.forget to do sth忘記去做某事remember to do sth記得去做某事forget doing sth 忘記做過(guò)某事remember doing sth記得做過(guò)某事5.stop to do sth停下來(lái)做

3、另一件事情stop doing sth停止正在做的事情stop sb from doing sth阻止某人干某事Lets stop to have a test, its too hot today.When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking.We plant trees to stop the wind from blowing the earth away.begin / startto do sth6.tell / ask sb to do sth否定形式 tell / ask sb not

4、 to do sth.Policemen asked us not to play on the road , it was too dangerous.Our P.E. teacher told us a storyyesterday.7.see / hear / watch sb do sthsee/ hear /watch sb doing sthI heard him singing in the room when I passed by.8.enjoy sth ; enjoy doing sth ;enjoy oneself = have a good timeOur classm

5、ates went to the zoo last Sunday. They enjoyed themselves.9.be busy with sth;be busy doing sthThey are all busy with their work.10.finish doing sth.Tom didnt go to bed until he finished writing the composition.11.wantsth/to do sth/sb to do sthwould likesth/to do sth/sb to do sthfeel like doing sth.H

6、e didnt feel like eating anything.12.had better do sth否定形式：had better not do sthYoud better not sing here, the baby is asleep.13.Why not do sth ?=why dont you do sth ?=Why didnt you do sth ?Why not come with me?14.What about sth/what about doing sth ?=How about -?How about playing basketball with us

7、?15.Thank you for sth /Thanks for doing sth.Thanks for your help.-Its a pleasure.Thanks very much for helping me.16.instead往往放在句首或句尾instead of sth/instead of doing sth.通常放中間He didnt go to the park. He went to the cinema instead.He went to the cinema instead of going to the park.17.put on強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作wear 強(qiáng)調(diào)狀

8、態(tài)in 介詞，構(gòu)成一個(gè)短詞Put on your old clothes tomorrow, because well do some cleaning.Kate is wearing a red sweater today.The man in a blue suit is Mr. Li18.在if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句、以when , before, after , as soon as 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句, 當(dāng)主句是：一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)、含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或祈使句的情況下，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。Well go hiking if it doesnt rain tomorrow.it doesnt

9、rain=it isnt rainyIll tell her the good news as soon as I see her.同樣的情況還適用于not - until 句型I wont go to bed until I finish my homework.19.在以when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句, 當(dāng)從句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，主句往往用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),表示在過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作：They were having supper when I got to their home.20.Its time for sth /Its time to do sth /Its time fo

10、r sb to do sth.Its time for us to start our lesson now.21.It takes /It took /It will takesomebody some time to do something.It took them twenty minutes to finish the cleaning.It will take us about ten hours to finish our homework.22.it 作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)，其真正的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)是后面帶to 的動(dòng)詞不定式:Its necessary to learn English

11、 well.We found it difficult to work out the maths problems.23.too -to 句型,too - for sb todo sth -，對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)太-以致于不能-The apples on thetreeare too high for me to reach.Kate is too young to go to school.24.enough 用法：形前名后， big enough;enough food- enough to do sth足夠-能夠-Jim is old enough to go to school.25.litt

12、le , a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 ;much 修飾不可數(shù)few a few 修飾可數(shù)名詞;many 修飾可數(shù)a littlea few 具有肯定含義little few 具有否定含義some, any , a lot of = lots of 既可以 修飾不可數(shù)，也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞；Thereis a little time left, take it easy.Wed better go shopping ,there are few eggs left.Mr. Little doesnt have much money. （否定句中常用much而不用a lot of ）26.mu

13、ch too 中心詞是too, 常修飾形容詞,Its much too cold today,we should wear warm clothes.too much中心詞是much, 常修飾不可數(shù)名詞,Theres too much water,please be careful.27.有關(guān)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的問(wèn)答：May I -?No, you cant.No, you mustnt.Must I /we-?No, you neednt.要注意could 和can的區(qū)別：could可表示語(yǔ)氣的委婉，也表示過(guò)去的能力Could you help me ?Could she swim when she

14、was four years old?要注意must 和have to 的區(qū)別：must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀, have to 強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀要注意maybe和 may be的區(qū)別 ： maybe在句中作謂語(yǔ)Maybe its here.It may be here.28.不定代詞：someone, anyone ; something , anything , nothing ; somebody , anybody, nobody.Something常用于肯定句和表示請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句中 ， anything用于否定句中和疑問(wèn)句中，not anything = nothing;without anything =

15、with nothingWould you like something to eat?Id like Chinese tea with nothing in it .形容詞修飾不定代詞要放在不定代詞后面：Be quiet! I have something important to tell you.Is there anything interesting in todays newspaper?29.反身代詞: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.要記?。阂?、二人稱(chēng)用物

16、主，第三人稱(chēng)用賓格， 復(fù)數(shù)self要變selves和反身代詞有關(guān)的一些詞組：enjoy oneself.= have a good time.learn by oneself,leave one by oneselfShe had to teach her son herself.I dont need your help, I can do it myself.30.形容詞修飾名詞，副詞修飾動(dòng)詞：What a strong wind!Its blowing strongly.連系動(dòng)詞：be, feel, look, get,turn , taste, smell, become,+ 形容詞作

17、表語(yǔ)31.感嘆句：What + a/an + 形容詞 + 可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式+ 主語(yǔ)+ 謂語(yǔ)！What+ 形容詞+ 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 / 不可數(shù)名詞+ 主語(yǔ)+ 謂語(yǔ)！How + 形容詞或副詞 + 主語(yǔ)+ 謂語(yǔ)！What a nice day it is !What beautiful flowers they are!How happily they are playing!32.反意疑問(wèn)句：要注意前肯后否，前否后肯，要用be動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞來(lái)做，要注意否定詞：never, little, few, hardly ,nothing, nobody 等祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句用：will yo

18、u ?以Lets開(kāi)頭的反意疑問(wèn)句用: shall we ?She usually gets up at six, doesnt she?Theres little water in the bottle, is there?Please take thesebooks to the office, will you?You have never been to New York, have you?33.形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：要注意比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成:規(guī)則變化: 要雙寫(xiě)的：big, fat, thin, red,不規(guī)則變化：good,bad,far,ill,比較級(jí)用在：than ，a little + ，much + ,最高級(jí)用在：of all, of the three, in his class, in the world等表示有范圍的短語(yǔ)中，one of + 最高級(jí) + 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)34.以so 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句：表示-也一樣，也如此，前后主語(yǔ)要不一致，要通過(guò)be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情