九上語(yǔ)法提綱及答案

1、初三上英語(yǔ)期末復(fù)習(xí)提綱一語(yǔ)法部分班級(jí)姓名號(hào)數(shù)一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成 ：2. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與下列詞或短語(yǔ)連用：3. for 與 since:fo葉一段時(shí)間，for two hours/days/years.Since: 1） si nce+ 表示過(guò)去的一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn) ，si nee 2003, si nee last year.2）sin ce+ 一段時(shí) iMI+ago, since two hours/days/years ago3）si nce+ 從句（用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài) ）.I have lived here si nee I came to Chi na.4. have/has

2、 been to, have/has gone to 禾口 have/has been in:1）have/has been to:去過(guò)某地，已回（表示某人的一種經(jīng)歷 ），可以和 once, twice, ever, never ,before連用.e.g. I have ever bee n to Beiji ng. He has n ever bee n to Hong Kong.2）have/has gone to:到某地去了（說(shuō)話時(shí)已經(jīng)離開(kāi)此地，在去某地的路上或已經(jīng)在某地，一般說(shuō)來(lái)此句型只用 于第三人稱，不能與上面的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用e.g. 一 Where is your father?

3、一 He has gone to England.3）have/has been in+地點(diǎn).表示在某地待了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，常與表示時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如 for./since.e.g. Andy has been in China for 2 years.（立匕處不用 come to）5. 短暫性（終止性）動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)態(tài)不能和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如果它需要與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，要發(fā)生下列變化：buy borrow die leave begi nclose oin ope n get to know marry end fall ill ope n come become 相關(guān)練習(xí):

4、(%1)單項(xiàng)選擇。()1. -Is Jim in the office? -No, he to the dining hall.A. goes B. would go C. has gone D. had gone()2. -Where is your father? He Beiji ng.A. has bee n toB. has gone toC. has bee nD. has gone()3. Not only Jane but also Maria the movie already.A. has see nB. have see nC. sawD. see n()4. Don&#

5、39;t retur n the video to Peter. I it.A. don't watch B. won't watch C. have n't watchedD. was n't watch ing)5. -Have you improved your spoke n En glish? - Yes, I have. Fve improved a lot.A. already; already B, already; yetC. yet; alreadyD. yet; yet)6. -Have you see n the film? -Yes.

6、I saw it three years.A. ago; beforeB.ago; agoC.before; agoD.before; before)7. -How long have you your watch? It looks new. -Only about three weeks.A. hadB. boughtC. receivedD.borrowed)8.1 my lunch already. I it at school half an hour ago.A. have had; hadB. had; havehad C. have had; have had D. had;

7、had)9. Tim was so tired yesterday that he slept 14 hours.A. atB. fromC. forD. sin ce)10. Mrs. King has America since 1999.C. gone inD. bee n inA. gone toB. bee n to（二） 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. The city (change) greatly in recent years.2.1 (be) to Beijing many times.3. So far, no one ( break) his record.4. Gre

8、at changes (take) place in my hometown in the past few years.5. Since the program (start) , it (help) hundreds of people.6. Jack (shut) the door a few minutes ago.7. The door (close) since a few minutes ago.8. In the past, people often ( keep) in touch with their friends by letter.9. He often (jump)

9、 rope in his free time.10.1 ( buy) my new dress when it was on sale.(三)句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1. The movie began at 7:00 p.m.(改為同義句)The movie 7:00 p.m.2. They borrowed my books two days ago,(改為同義句)They my books two days.3. The Gree ns came to Chi na in 2008.(改為同義句)The Gree ns Chi na 2008.4. Peter has read the story a

10、lready,(改為否定句)Peter the story.5. He5s never been to America, ?(反意疑問(wèn)句)6. He joined the club a few mon ths ago.(改為同義句)He the club a few mon ths.二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。1. 概念：英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種。主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，叫做主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承 者，叫做被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。e.g. We clean the classroom every day.我們每天打掃教室。(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))The_classroom_is_cleanMby us ） every day.

11、教至每天被（我們）打掃。（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）2. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成是“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”。助動(dòng)詞有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其變化則與其作為系動(dòng)詞時(shí)的變化完全一樣。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成為：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。_般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成為：_般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成為： 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成為： 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成為： 3. 主、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)（+其它）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ) +be+及物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞 +by+賓語(yǔ)（+其它）by的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),要用注意：主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)互轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。主動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)是代詞的主格形式，變成被動(dòng)句 賓格形式。e.

12、g. People grow rice in the south. 一 .zR 稻被南方的人們種植She takes care of the baby.這個(gè)嬰 J L ill 她照顧。to注意： make sb. do sth., see/hear sb. do sth. 這樣的詞組變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要添加 如： The boss made the workers work for a long time.The workers were made to work for a long time by the boss.4.沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的詞：不及物動(dòng)詞是沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的。常見(jiàn)的詞有：happen （

13、發(fā)生），take place （發(fā)生），rise （上升，上漲）,grow （生長(zhǎng)）等。注：grow當(dāng)"種植"講 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。一部分表狀態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞也沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，e.g. have （有），fit （適合），一般系動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，e.g. feel （感覺(jué)），turn （變成），taste （嘗起來(lái)），cost （值錢），weigh （重）等。 sou nd （聽(tīng)起來(lái)），smell （聞起來(lái)）,時(shí)有g(shù)et （變得）等。相關(guān)練習(xí):（一）單項(xiàng)選擇。)1. 一 What a nice classroom! 一 It every day.A. clea nsB, has clea

14、 nedC. is clea nedD. must clea n)2. He is made fourtee n hours a day.A. workB. to workC. worked)3. Don't throw about your n ewspaper!D. work ingSorry, I'm busy now. They will later.A. collectB. be collectC. be collected D. collected)4.I won't have a trip to Mou nt Hua ng unl ess Amy, eit

15、her. You mea n you'll go if Amy goes?A. will in vite B. i nvitesC. is in vitedD. will be in vited)5. Who broke the wi ndow? ItA. is broke nB. was broke n C. has broke nby the boy who lives the n ext door.D. breaks一 A lot of new roads, I think.)6.一 What should we do first if we want to develop ou

16、r village?A. have to build B. must build C. have built ( D. must ItlWthere are ma ny treasures in the pyramids.A.saysB,said)8. We to close the windows before we left the lab.A. tellB. toldC.is saidC. are told(%1)9. The book I bought yesterday well now.A. soldB. sells)10. Childre n a good en viro nme

17、nt to live in.A. should giveB, should be givenC. is soldC. give用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。D.is say ing D. were toldD. was soldD. be give n1. The grass( cut) once a week.2. All my letters( write ) on black paper with a green pen in the past.3. So far, many manned spaceships(send) up into space by China.4. Mr. Lee t

18、old him how computers(use) during space travel.5. The windows of our classroom(clean) once a week.6.1 thought the cake(taste) delicious.7. Do you know who(i nvent) the laptop?I don't kno w. I only know it(i nvent) in Japa n.8. Many trees and flowers(plant) in our school next year.9. My watch(ste

19、al) when I was on the bus.10. The film(show) tomorrow.(%1)句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1. We speak English as a second language.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) )En glish as a sec ond lan guageTom athome?computer games every day?2. Does Tom often do the housework at home?(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))the housework ofte n3. Are computer games played by you every day? (改

20、為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) )4.1 saw the teacher leave the classroom with a book in his hand.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) )The teacher was the classroom with a book in his hand.5. They gave the children many old books.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) )Many old books the childre n.三、定語(yǔ)從句。1. 在復(fù)合句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句，叫做定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞，通常位于定語(yǔ)從句之前。2. 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有o3.

21、在下面的幾種情況下，只能使用that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從 句，不能使用which。女口：(1)當(dāng)先衍調(diào)被序數(shù)詞修飾斌，關(guān)系代詞用洗血，不用which o女口：This is the first trip that I have made in my life.這是我有生以來(lái)的第一次岀行。當(dāng)先行詞 被形容詞最高級(jí)以及l(fā)ast, any, only, few, much, very, no等修幼時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that ,不用which o如：The most difficult problem that I met with is how to get en ough money to buy thes

22、e books.(3)當(dāng)先行詞桐介或盼以上時(shí)(既有人又有物)，關(guān)系代詞用that,不用which o如：Please write down the things(4)(5) (and the persons that we talked about last Friday.當(dāng)先行詞是 much, little, everything, anything, none, no 以及由 no 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞睫 , 關(guān)系代詞 which 。如：All the pears that fell down are eaten by the pigs. 掉下來(lái)的梨全被豬吃光了。She took away eve

23、rything that belonged to her. 她拿走了屬于她的所有的東西。當(dāng)主句是用who 提問(wèn)的問(wèn)句時(shí)，用 that。Who is the man that is reading a book over there?)1. That is the most beautiful mountain I have visited.A. which, ever B. that, never C. which, never D. that, ever用 that, 不用相關(guān)練習(xí)：)2. The radio last week has been out of order, ( 壞 了 ).

24、A. I bought B. I bought it C. which I bought it D. what I bought )3.1 like movies scary monsters.( 怪獸 ).A. who has B. that have C. which has D. that is)4. The house is very old.( 選出錯(cuò)誤的一項(xiàng) )A. which we live in B. in that we live C. where we live D. that we live in)5. The two high school students fough

25、t bravely against bad persons on the bus in Jiangxi were highly praised.A. whoB, whom)6. The coat of cotton is mine.A. madeB, is madeC. whichD. whoseC. which madeD. that made)7. The house door is broken has been destroyed in the fire.A. whoB, whomC. which)8.1 still remember the college and the teachers I visited in London years ago. C. thatA. whatB. whoD. whoseD. which)9. The home of tea,has more than 4000 years of history, is China.A. thatB, whichC. whoC. what10.11.The doctor is very famous. She went to the United States with the doctor. ( 將兩個(gè)句子合并為一句The doctor sh