高中英語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型專(zhuān)題講解

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上強(qiáng)調(diào)句一、 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及用法強(qiáng)調(diào)句常用來(lái)突出說(shuō)話人要強(qiáng)調(diào)的語(yǔ)言信息，給對(duì)方以強(qiáng)烈的印象和感受。譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，常加上 “正是”等字眼。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： It + be的適當(dāng)形式 + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分 + that (who) + 其他成分He bought the book in this shop yesterday.It was he that bought the book in this shop yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)he)It was the book that he bought in this shop yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)the bo

2、ok)It was in this shop that he bought the book yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)in this shop)【注意】1.在該強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中，It無(wú)任何意義但不可以換成this或者that等。It is (was)that (who)為結(jié)構(gòu)詞，假如去掉，剩下部分在語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和句子含義上均完整，這一點(diǎn)正是它和定語(yǔ)從句等的本質(zhì)區(qū)別。2.關(guān)于that與who當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí)，可以用who（被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分的人作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)）或者whom（被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分的人作賓語(yǔ)時(shí))代替that；當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指物時(shí)通常用that；當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用who. I

3、t was the things and people that they remembered that they were talking abo ut當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是代詞時(shí)，用who不用that。當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)或原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，不能用when / where /why代替that(尤其是當(dāng)這些狀語(yǔ)為介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí))。1）It was only when I reread his poems recently I began to appreciate their beauty.A. untilB. thatC. whenD. so2）It was in Qingdao I saw the sea

4、 for the first time.A. whatB. thatC. whenD. which3）It was because of bad weather the football match had to be put off.A. soB. so thatC. whyD. that 如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分有同位語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)也應(yīng)提前。It was from him, his chemistry teacher, that Paul learned to watch carefully in class.3.關(guān)于be的適當(dāng)形式：在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中，無(wú)論被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人還是物，單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞一律用單

5、數(shù)is/was形式。 如果原句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在范疇 (一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)、將來(lái)完成時(shí)等)，就用is。It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.A. oneB. thatC. whatD. it如果原句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去范疇 (一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)等)，就用was。例如:It was between 1989 and 1999 great changes took place in our h

6、ometown.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. because也可以根據(jù)需要用It may/might/must bethat/who; It must have been that/who如:It might be Sally that you are thinking of.It might be in the morning that he broke into the house. It might be his father that you are looking for.It must be John that/who will take part in the

7、 contest on behalf our class. It must have been her twin sister that you saw.4. 關(guān)于被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分。在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，能夠被強(qiáng)調(diào)的句子成分通常為主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)（名詞、代詞）、狀語(yǔ)（介詞短語(yǔ)、時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句或者because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句）等，但不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)（形容詞或名詞充當(dāng)）、although 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句、for, since, as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句、if條件狀語(yǔ)等。如： 強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。It is these poisonous products can cause the symptoms

8、of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. A. whoB. thatC. howD. whatIt was how the young man had learned five foreign languages attracted the audiences interest.A. so thatB. thatC. whatD. in whichIt was the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are. (NMET2000)A. on

9、eB. thatC. whatD. it強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)It was at the gate of our school that we gave the visitors a warm welcome. (強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ))It was with great joy that he received the news that his long lost son would soon return home. (強(qiáng)調(diào)程度狀語(yǔ))It is by bus that Mary usually goes to school. (強(qiáng)調(diào)方式狀語(yǔ))It was three years ago that I came

10、to this school. (強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))It is when he got back that he knew what had happened. (強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)) It was because he loved my money that he married me. (強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語(yǔ)) 注意：1. 強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因或方式狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用that,不能用when, where, why 或 how。It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. A. thatB. un

11、til C. beforeD. whenIt was because of bad weather the football match had to be put off.A. so B. so that C. why D. thatIt was where there had been a theatre they built a new modern school.A. whereB. in which C. thatD. so2.使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型對(duì)狀語(yǔ)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，有必要將其與下列句型區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。比較下面的句子：1) It was in the evening that the soldier

12、s arrived at the small mountain village. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)It was evening when the soldiers arrived at the small mountain village. (when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，it表示時(shí)間)2) It was at 3 o'clock that they came back. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)It was 3 o'clock when they came back. (when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，it表示時(shí)間)3)It is for three hours that they have been

13、 back. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)It was three hours before they came back. (before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，it表示時(shí)間) It is three hours since they came back. (since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，it表示時(shí)間)再如： It was raining when they came back.It is true that he once went to Canada.It is a surprise that Mary should have won the first prize.3.強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為介詞短語(yǔ)：強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)

14、，應(yīng)特別注意能引起誤解的干擾選項(xiàng)。表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)時(shí)，應(yīng)注意與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。1. It was through Jack Mary got to know Bob .A. whoB. whomC. howD. that2. It was great care that they did the job.A. forB. aboutC. withD. in3. It was on October 1st 1949 new China was founded .A. whichB. whenC. a D. that4. Was it in this palace the last emperor

15、died?A. thatB. in whichC. in whereD. which4.特別提示：對(duì)“not.until.”結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)，要用 “It is/was not until.that.這一固定句”型。由于否定已經(jīng)前移，that后只能用肯定形式。同時(shí)要注意不能使用倒裝語(yǔ)序. It was back home after the experiment.A. not until midnight did he goB. until midnight that he didnt goC. not until midnight that he wentD. until midnight whe

16、n he didnt go 5. 關(guān)于主謂一致：在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是原句型的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其形式必須與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)保持一致。It is your father that is wrong this time.It is he and his parents that have come to China.6. 人稱(chēng)對(duì)照：在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，如強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)且其為人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí),應(yīng)注意其形式仍用主格或賓格形式。It is they who will attend the medical conference. It was her that I saw in the street just now.

17、【誤】It is I who/ that is going to be sent there to help them.【正】It is I who/ that am going to be sent there to help them.【誤】It was her that told me about it.【正】It was she that told me about it.【誤】It is I who the teacher has punished.【正】It is me whom the teacher has punished.二、特殊形式的強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)1. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的否定、疑問(wèn)句形

18、式以及感嘆句形式。 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的否定形式、一般疑問(wèn)句形式、特殊疑問(wèn)句形式、感嘆句形式以及反意疑 問(wèn)句形式： 否定形式： It was not in England that Olympic Competitions first started. 一般疑問(wèn)句形式： Was/Is it + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that+其他成分？ Is the girl in red who is your sister?例 1Was it during the Second World War he died?A. thatB. whileC. in whichD. then 例 2- Wasnt it Dr. Wa

19、ng who spoke to you just now?- . A. I didnt know he wasB. Yes, it wasC. No, he wasntD. Yes, he did解析：此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問(wèn)句的否定形式。其回答有兩種可能： “Yes, it was.”或“No, it wasnt.”故選B. 特殊疑問(wèn)句形式：特殊疑問(wèn)詞 + was/Is it +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that + 其他成分What is it that you want me to do?Who was it that told you the news？When was it that he fi

20、rst came to China? Where was it that you met her?How was it that he solved the problem?事實(shí)上，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句就是就陳述句中的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)變化而來(lái)的。也就是強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為疑問(wèn)詞。當(dāng)含有特殊疑問(wèn)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用在賓語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)候，句型應(yīng)改為 特殊疑問(wèn)詞 + it was(is) that +陳述句，即采用陳述句語(yǔ)序。(1)- Where was it the road accident happened yesterday?- In front of the market.A. whenB. thatC.

21、 whichD. how(2) I really dont know you returned the book to me.A. when it was thatB. when was itC. when was it thatD. when it was強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞時(shí)，該強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型結(jié)構(gòu)與特殊疑問(wèn)句句型相同，即：疑問(wèn)詞 + 一般疑問(wèn)句例 1. - I have nothing to confess. you want me to say?A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is t

22、hat 解析：此題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句中強(qiáng)調(diào)疑問(wèn)詞時(shí)語(yǔ)序的排列。What 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句并且在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)say的賓語(yǔ)。這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是what。故選A例 2I have always been honest and straight forward, and it doesnt matter I am making toA who is it B who it is C it is who D it is whom解析 : who引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，并在主語(yǔ)從句中作介詞 to 的賓語(yǔ)（應(yīng)用賓格 whom，但在通常情況下，也可以用who代替whom）。并且，who it is（tha

23、t）I am making to為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是who。故選B. 嘆句形式： What/How + 感嘆部分 + it was/is+ that + 其他成分！ What a wonderful time it was that we had at the part！ How good a student it is that I have！反意疑問(wèn)句形式：強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的反意疑問(wèn)句，后半部分的附加疑問(wèn)句部分的主語(yǔ)和 謂語(yǔ)以及時(shí)態(tài)要與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型本身保持一致。It was at eleven last night that I knew the good news,

24、 wasnt it?強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的回答也應(yīng)該使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。Was it you that told him about it?-Yes, it was. 三、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與定語(yǔ)從句以及與主語(yǔ)從句等的辨析 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型極易與定語(yǔ)從句、名詞性從句等相關(guān)句型混淆。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that 或者 who，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，不可以去掉; that 或者 who 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，that 無(wú)任何含義也不充當(dāng)任何成分但也不可以省略，who 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并且在主語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)也不可以省略。并且，that 或者 who 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常置于句后，而在主語(yǔ)位置使用形式主語(yǔ)It。而強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的 It is

25、(was) that (who)為結(jié)構(gòu)詞，假如去掉，剩下部分在語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和句子含義上均完整。這一點(diǎn)正是區(qū)分強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和定語(yǔ)從句以及主語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)鍵所在。a.與定語(yǔ)從句的辨析 It was in the lab that was set up by Mr. Smith that they finished the experiment.It was he who came from Hunan that won the first prize in the contest. b.與名詞性從句的辨析 It is true that he once was a teacher.It was he said

26、 disappointed me.A. what; thatB. that; thatC. what; whatD. that; whatc.與 there be句型的辨析 is no possibility Bob can win the first prize in the match.A. There; thatB. It; thatC. There; whether D. It; whether四、錯(cuò)誤判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句的兩種情況1. 將非強(qiáng)調(diào)句判為強(qiáng)調(diào)句。易混句型1：It be + 時(shí)間段 + since . 該句型中的be動(dòng)詞通常為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài), since 引導(dǎo)的從句通常是

27、 一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。例. That was really a splendid evening. It has been years I enjoyed myself so much.A. whenB. thatC. beforeD. since易混句型2：It be + 時(shí)間點(diǎn) + when . 該句型中的when 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Be 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)沒(méi)有明確限制，時(shí)間點(diǎn)前不加介詞。例. Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight oclock he arrived home.A. beforeB. whenC. thatD. until易混句型3：It be+段時(shí)間 + before .主句中be 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)常是一般將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)。主句中的表語(yǔ)多是long, not long , days , week等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語(yǔ)。例-