2021年英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀理解模擬試題及答案(卷十三)

1、2021 年英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀理解模擬試題及答案（卷十三）eBayeBay is a global phenomenon-the world's largest garage sale, online shopping center, car dealer and auction site with 147 million registered users in 30 countries as of March 2005. You can find everything from encyclopedias to olives to snow boots to stereos to airp

2、lanes for sale. And if you stumble on it before the eBay overseers do, you might even find a human kidney or a virtual date.eBay BasicseBay is, first and foremost. an online auction site. You can browse throughcategorieslikeAntiques,Boats, Clothing&Accessories, Computers & Networking,Jewelry

3、 & Watches and Video Games. When you see something you like, you click on the auction title and view the details, including pictures, descriptions,payment options and shipping information.If you place a bid on an item,you enter a contractual agreement tobuy it if you win the auction. All auction

4、s have minimum starting bids, and some have a reserve price-a secret minimum amount the seller is willing to accept for the item. If the bidding doesn't reach the reserve price, the seller doesn't have to partwiththe item. In addition to auctions, you can find tons of fixed-price items on eB

5、ay that make shopping there just like shopping at any other online marketplace. Yousee what you like, you buy it, you pay for it and you wait for it to arrive at your door.You can pay for an item on eBay using a variety of methods,includingmoney order,cashier's check, cash, personal check and el

6、ectronic payment services like PayPal and BidPay. It's up to each seller to decide which payment methods he'll accept.Just as you can buy almost anything on eBay, you can sell almostanything, too. Using a simple listing process, you can put all of the junk in your basement up for sale to the

7、 highest bidder. When you sell an item on eBay,you pay listing fees and turn over a percentage of the final sale price to eBay.Once you register (for free) with eBay, you can access all of youreBay buying and selling activities in asingle location called "My eBay." eBay InfrastructureA ser

8、ies of service disruptions in 1999 caused real problems for eBay's business. Over thecourse of threedays, overloaded servers intermittently shut down, meaning users couldn't check auctions, place bids or complete transactions during that period. Buyers, sellers and eBay were very unhappy, an

9、d a complete restructuringofeBay's technological architecture Followed.In 1999, eBay was one massive database server and a few separatesystems runningthesearch function.In 2005, eBay is about 200database servers and 20 search servers.The architecture is a type of grid computing that allows for b

10、oth error correction and growth. With the exception of the search function, everything about eBay can actually run on approximately 50 server-sWeb servers,application servers and data-storage systems. Each server has between 6 and 12 microprocessors. These50 0r so servers run separately, but they ta

11、lk to each other,so everybody knows if there is a problem somewhere. eBay can simply add servers to the grid as the need arises.While the majority of the site can run on 50 servers,eBay has fourtimes that.The 200 servers are housed in sets of 50 in four locations,all in the United States. When you&#

12、39;re using eBay, you may be talking to anyone of those locations at any time -they all store the same data. If one of the systems crashes. there are three others to pick up the slack.When you're on the eBay Web site and you click on a listing for aPersian rug,yourcomputertalkstoWeb servers, whi

13、chtalkto application servers, which pull data from storage servers so you can find out what the latest bid price is and how much time is left in the auction. eBay has local partners in many countries who deliver eBay's static data to cut down on download time, and there are monitoring systems in

14、 45 cities around the world that constantly scan for problems in the network.Using eBay: SecurityIn order to make buyers feel safer when making purchases on eBay,all tangible ( 有形的) items are automatically insured for $200. A recipe that was supposed to be delivered to you via e -mail is not conside

15、red a tangible item.But if you purchased a set of speakers that never arrived, and you go through the dispute process and eBay determines you weredefrauded (欺騙)， you can get your money back up to $200.Buyer FraudBuyer fraud is typically less damaging than seller fraud. The most common type of fraud

16、a buyer can commitis simply not paying for an item. Sellers can deal with non -paying bidders by filing an Unpaid Item dispute. eBay will then attempt to contact the buyer and get her to pay.If she does not respond to eBay's attempts after eight days, the seller isreimbursed(賠償) for eBay's c

17、ut of the final sale price and can relistthe item for free. If the buyer does respond, the dispute can end in one ofthree ways:The buyer decides to pay, and everybody's happy.The buyer and the seller decide together to abandon the transaction,the seller gets reimbursed for the final -value fee a

18、nd relists the item for free,and everybody's happy.The seller decides noe to deal with the buyer, the buyer gets anunpaiditem strike against her, and the seller gets reimbursed for the final-value fee and relists the item for free.In the end, the damage to the seller is relatively small. Another

19、 typeof buyer fraud occurs when a buyer sends false payment. In most cases,this is in the form of a bounced check, and the seller finds out about it before shipping the item. Bounced checks are as common on eBay as they are in the rest of the world, and many sellers choose not to accept personal che

20、cks for this reason.Seller FraudSeller fraud is what most people think about when they worry about using eBay. There are two main ways in which a buyer can be defrauded by a seller: The item the buyer purchased is dramatically different from how it was described in the listing; or the item simply ne

21、ver arrives.One thing to keep in mind when you think you've been defrauded isthat miscommunication is common on eBay.For instance, if you didn't read every word of the auction listing for your item, you may have missed the part that said the seller would be out of town for three weeks and wo

22、uldn't be able to ship the item untilshe returned. This could be why you don't have your item and the seller isn't answering your e-mails. Also,e-mail is not the most straightforward form of communication. If your item hasn't arrived after two weeks, and you've e -mailed the sell

23、er but haven't heard back, it's a good idea to check your junk mail folder.Your seller may have sent a response e-mail that just never made it toyour inbox. If there's nothing fromthe seller in your junk folder, you canrequest that eBay reveal your seller's phone number so you can gi

24、ve him a call and see what's going on.If you don't get an answer to your phone call (or if your seller livesin another country and it would cost too much money to call), your next step is to start the dispute process. When a buyer believes he has been defrauded, he can file a complaint, and

25、eBay will work to solve the problem. When you file a complaint in eBay's "Item Not Received or Significantly Notas Described" system,eBay willact as middleman between you and your seller to try to settle the dis pute. lf that fails, you can file a claim to get reimbursed for your purch

26、ase.1. Which of the following may be banned by eBay overseers?A) Virtual dates.B) Any over-priced products.C) Priceless antiques.D) Rare animals for pets.2. Sellers have the right to refuse the deal if the offer is lower tban.A) the minimum starting bidB) the reserve priceC) the average market price

27、D) the wholesale cost3. PayPal and BidPay are special names for.A) money ordersB) cashier's checksC) personal checksD) electronic payment services4. On eBay, you buy or sell an item at.A) My AccountB) My MarketC) My StoreD) My eBay5. Atpresent,eachofeBay'sserverisequipped withmicroprocessors

28、.A) 200B) about 50C) 6 to 12D) 206. When you click on a listing on the eBay Web site,your computer first com municates to.A) search serversB) Web serversC) application serversD) storage servers7.A recipe is not considered tangible item if.A) it is delivered later than the contracted timeB) it never

29、arrives at your placeC) it is delivered to the buyer through e-mailD) it costs less than the market price8. Sellers may contact eBay and apply for an Unpaid Item dispute against.9. Manysellerstendtorefusepersonalchecksforfearof.10. During the dispute process between the seller and the buyer, eBay pl

30、ays the role of.答案：1.A 定位根據(jù)題干中的 eBay overseers定位至首段末句。解析：在原文該句末明確提到， 此處是一提到 overseers的地方， 其他選項(xiàng)均來(lái)提及，很明顯，本題答案為A。2.B定位本題題干的題眼不明顯，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞bid， price，cost 等在原文查找與“出價(jià)”有關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)，由此定位至第1 個(gè)小標(biāo)題eBay Basics部分的第 2 段笫 3 句。解析：題干中的 have the right to refuse the deal 是原文該句 doesn t have to part with the item 的近義改寫(xiě)，因此答案為 B。

31、3.D 定位根據(jù)題干中的 PayPal和 BidPay 定位至第 1 個(gè)小標(biāo)題eBay Basics部分的第 3 段首句。解析：原文該句末的 electronic payment services like PayPalandBidPay表明 PayPal和 BidPay屬于 electronic payment services，因此本題應(yīng)選 D。4.D 定位根據(jù)題干中的 buy or sell 及選項(xiàng)定位至第 1 個(gè)小標(biāo)題eBay Basics部分的末段。解析：本題的題干題眼不明顯，應(yīng)從選項(xiàng)入手，因?yàn)檫@些選項(xiàng)都 是專有名詞，在原文應(yīng)該比較顯眼。逐一查找選項(xiàng)就可發(fā)現(xiàn)只有D 在第 1 個(gè)小標(biāo)題

32、下末段提及，其他選項(xiàng)均未提及。5.C定位根據(jù)題干中的 server 和 microprocessors 定位至第 2 個(gè)小標(biāo)題 eBay Infrastructure 部分的第 3 段第 3 句。解析：本題除了可根據(jù)題干的題眼定位原文找到答案外，還可查找與選項(xiàng)數(shù)字相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，這些數(shù)字集中在第2 個(gè)小標(biāo)題下第 2、3段，這樣，查找到 C的時(shí)候就可發(fā)現(xiàn)這一組數(shù)字為正確答案。6.B定位根據(jù)題干中的 listing 和 Web site 定位至第 2 個(gè)小標(biāo)題eBay Infrastructure 部分的末段首句。解析：原文該句提到了多個(gè)server，還有多個(gè)套疊的定語(yǔ)從句， 但是根據(jù)題干中的 fir

33、st 可以迅速選擇 B，因?yàn)檫@是在原文中首先提到的 server。7.C定位根據(jù)題干中的 recipe 和 tangible 定位至第 3 個(gè)小標(biāo)題Using eBay： Security 部分的首段第 2 句。解析：根據(jù)題眼定位后，可知只有 C在原文提及， 其他選項(xiàng)都屬于無(wú)中生有。8.non-paying bidders定位根據(jù)題干中的 Unpaid Item dispute 定位至第 3 個(gè)小標(biāo)題Using eBay: Security部分的次標(biāo)題 Buyer Fraud下首段第 3 句。解析：空白處應(yīng)為名詞 (詞組)。本題要求查找申請(qǐng)Unpaid Item dispute 的用處，原文句

34、中的 deal with. by filing an Unpaid Item dispute 表明賣(mài)方以此對(duì)付那些不付款的投標(biāo)者，因此deal with后的賓語(yǔ)non-paying bidders 為本題答案。9.bounced checks定位根據(jù)題干中的 personal checks 定位至第 3 個(gè)小標(biāo)題 Using eBay: Security部分的次標(biāo)題 Buyer Fraud下末段末句。解析：空白處應(yīng)為名詞 (詞組)。只要在原文找到 this reason 的所指，就能順利解決本題。 根據(jù)該段的主要內(nèi)容和末句的主語(yǔ)可以推斷this reason 指的就是 bounced chec

35、ks，這就是本題答案。10.middleman定位根據(jù)題干中的 dispute process定位至全文末段倒數(shù)第 2 句。解析：空白處應(yīng)為名詞 (詞組)。題目中的 plays the role of 與原文中的 act as 為同義詞，加上題目中的 between the seller and buyer 和原文一致，不難判斷本題答案應(yīng)為原文 act as 后的 middleman。I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eigh

36、th grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whisperedsomething, but I didnt understand. So I leaned over her way and foundout that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed methat hers was out of ink and would not write. I happ

37、ened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed( 解散). As soon as wewere alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; s

38、hetalked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (負(fù)責(zé)任 ) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized(強(qiáng)調(diào)) the fact that when people do somethingdishonest, they are really cheating( 欺 騙 ) themselves. She made mepromise that I would thi

39、nk seriously(認(rèn)真地) about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the roomwondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to m

40、e, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girl s test paper. I tried to explain about thepen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that Ihadn t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just d

41、oing the girl afavor by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued繼( 續(xù)) to believethat I had cheated on the test.1. The story took place( 發(fā) 生 ) exactly .A. in the teacher s office B. in an exam roomC. in the school D. in the language lab2. The girl wanted to borrow a pen, because.A.she had not

42、brought a pen with her B. she had lost her own on her way to schoolC. there was something wrong with her own D. her own had been taken away by someone3. The teacher saw all this, so she asked the boy.A. to go on writing his paper B. to stop whisperingC. to leave the room immediately D. to stay behin

43、d after the exam4. The thing(s) emphasized in her talk was(were).A. honesty B. sense of duty C. seriousness D. all of the above5. The boy knew everything .A. the moment he was asked to stay behind B. when the teacher started talking about honestyC. only some time later D. when he was walking out of

44、the room.【答案】1.B 故事發(fā)生在考試進(jìn)行期間，故選B。2.C 由 “ She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. ”可知她的筆壞了。3.D 由“Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacherasked me to stay in the room ”可知考完試后，老師讓他留下 (stay behind)。4.A 由“ . For a long time,she talkedabouthonesty andemphasized(強(qiáng)調(diào) )

45、 ”可知老師反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的就是cheat 的反面誠(chéng)實(shí)(honesty)。5.C 由最一段“ Later on”可知 。Directions: In this part there are four passages.Each passage isfollowedby fourcomprehension questions. Read thepassage and answer the questions. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following pa

46、ssage:Ask three people to look the same window at a busy street corner and tell you what they see. Chances are you will receive three different answers. Each personsees thesame scene, buteach perceives something different about it.Perceiving goes on in our minds. Of the three people who look outthe

47、window, one may say that he sees a policeman giving a motorist a ticket. Another may say that he sees a rush-hour traffic jam at the intersection. The third may tell you that he sees a woman trying to cross the street with four children in tow. For perception is the mind sinterpretation of what the

48、sensesin this case our eyes tell us.Many psychologists today are working to try to determine just how a person experiences or perceives the worldaround him. Using ascientific approach, these psychologists set up experiments in which theycan control all of the factors. By measuring and charting the r

49、esults of many experiments, they are trying to find out what makes different people perceive totally different things about the same scene.1. Seeing and perceiving are .A. the same actionB. two separate actionsC. two actions carried on entirely by eyesD. several actions that take place at different

50、times2. Perceiving is an action that takes place .A. in our eyesB. only when we think very hard about somethingC. only under the direction of a psychologistD. in every persons mind3. People perceive different things about the same scene because .A. they see different things B. some have better eyesi

51、ghtC. they cannot agree about things D. none of these4. Which of the following is implied but not stated in the passage?A. Psychologists do not yet know people see.B. The experiments in which all factors are controlled are better.C. The study of perception is going on now.D. Perception does not invo

52、lve psychological factors.5. The best title for this selection is .A. How We SeeB. Learning about Our Minds through ScienceC. What Psychologists PerceiveD. How to Because an Experimental Psychologist【答案】 1-5 BDDBBQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:The food we eat seems to have prof

53、ound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown tat 40 percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures ate more pro

54、ne to get certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates and nitrites, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Ye

55、t these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labelsof processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives that we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and poultry, and because of this,

56、 penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cows. Sometimes similar drugs are administered to animals not for medicinal purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administr

57、ation (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.6. How has science done a disservice to mankind?A. Because of science, most of thefoods we eat todayarecontaminated.B. It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.C. As a result of scientific intervention, some potentially harmful substances has been added to our food.D. The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not ofvegetables.7. What are nitrates used for?A. They preser