MATLAB解析GPS數(shù)據(jù)程序參考模板

1、% 注：本程序可直接在MATLAB 2017a 中運(yùn)行%該腳本文件用于學(xué)習(xí)GPS數(shù)據(jù)的讀取，需要做其他用途請(qǐng)自行修改代碼%本腳本文件的前面幾行代碼是要設(shè)置的一些參數(shù)%默認(rèn)使用COM3（需視情況修改）%波特率設(shè)為GPS模塊默認(rèn)的38400%下面為程序源碼 clearnum_execute = 100; % 執(zhí)行次數(shù)num_SingleRead = 150; %單次從串口讀取的字節(jié)數(shù)(最好設(shè)置足夠大（最低大概設(shè)為80），保證單次讀取的數(shù)據(jù)包含一條完整的GPS數(shù)據(jù))Timedelay = 0.2; % 用于延時(shí)讀取串口數(shù)據(jù)BaudRate = 38400; % 讀取數(shù)據(jù)的波特率Terminator

2、= 'CR'num_MaxTry = 5; %打開串口的最多嘗試次數(shù)BytesAvailableFcnCount = 1000;% 設(shè)置參數(shù)% delete(instrfindall); % 串口打開失敗時(shí)使用此句% delete(s);clear s % 串口打開失敗時(shí)使用此句serial3 = serial('COM3');% 串口設(shè)置 serial3.BytesAvailableFcnMode = 'byte'% serial3.InputBufferSize = 38400; % 輸出波特率serial3.BaudRate = BaudR

3、ate; % 讀入波特率% serial3.OutputBufferSize = 1024;serial3.BytesAvailableFcnCount = BytesAvailableFcnCount;serial3.ReadAsyncMode = 'continuous'2 / 19serial3.Terminator = Terminator;% 打開串口count_opentimes = 1;while contains(serial3.status,'closed') > 0 && count_opentimes < num

4、_MaxTry fopen(serial3); %打開串口 count_opentimes = count_opentimes+1;endif contains(serial3.status,'open') < 1 disp('open com failed!'); returnend% 讀取并處理數(shù)據(jù)% 初始化GPS_Data = GPS_Init();while(num_execute > 0) GPS_DataStrs = fread(serial3,num_SingleRead,'char'); %一次讀出10個(gè)字符 GPS_

5、DataStrs = reshape(GPS_DataStrs,1,); GPS_DataStrs = split_str2strs(GPS_DataStrs); GPS_Data_tmp = get_GPS_specificData(GPS_DataStrs); GPS_Data = Updata_GPU_Data(GPS_Data,GPS_Data_tmp); show_GPS_Data(GPS_Data); pause(Timedelay); % 延時(shí) num_execute = num_execute-1;end% fprintf(s,'abcd'); %給串口的發(fā)送數(shù)

6、據(jù)% fscanf(s); %從串口的接收緩存讀數(shù)據(jù)% 關(guān)閉串口并刪除相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)fclose(serial3); %關(guān)閉串口delete(serial3);clear serial3% %將字符串根據(jù)'rn'劃分成多個(gè)子字符串,同時(shí)去掉首尾無(wú)用的殘余字符串function out_strs = split_str2strs(StrData) if contains(class(StrData),'char') uint8(StrData); end record = get_pos_enterflag(StrData); if StrData(1) = uint8

7、('$') %開頭為'$'的情況 flag_start = 1; else if size(record,2) > 0 flag_start = record(1)+2; else out_strs = cell(0,0); return end end if StrData(end) = 13 flag_end = length(StrData)-1; else if size(record,2) > 0 flag_end = record(end)-1; end end if flag_start >= flag_end out_strs

8、= cell(0,0); return end StrData = StrData(flag_start:flag_end); % 截取有效數(shù)據(jù)，方便下面劃分子字符串 record = get_pos_enterflag(StrData); num_strs = size(record,2)+1; out_strs = cell(num_strs,1); if num_strs > 1 out_strs1,1 = char(StrData(1:record(1)-1); if num_strs = 2 out_strsnum_strs,1 = char(StrData(record(1)

9、+2:end); else for i = 2 : num_strs-1 out_strsi,1 = char(StrData(record(i-1)+2:record(i)-1); end out_strsnum_strs,1 = char(StrData(record(i)+2:end); end else out_strs1,1 = char(StrData); end % 得到字符串中'rn'在字符串中的位置(實(shí)際為'r'的位置) function record = get_pos_enterflag(data) record = ; % 記錄回車符號(hào)位

10、置 for ii = 1 : length(data)-1 if data(ii) = 13 if data(ii+1) = 10 record = record,ii; ii = ii+1; end end end endend% 得到具體GPS結(jié)構(gòu)體數(shù)據(jù)function GPS_Data_tmp = get_GPS_specificData(StrsData) GPS_Data_tmp = ; num_str = size(StrsData,1); for i = 1 : num_str str_tab = StrsDatai,1; if contains(str_tab,'GGA

11、') > 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNGGA(str_tab); elseif contains(str_tab,'GSA') > 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSA(str_tab); elseif contains(str_tab,'GSV') > 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSV(str_tab); elseif contains(str_tab,'RMC') > 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNRMC(str_tab); elseif contains(str_tab,

12、'VTG') > 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNVTG(str_tab); elseif contains(str_tab,'GLL') > 0 GPS_Data_tmp = GNGLL(str_tab); end endend% GPS字符串解析function GPS_Data_tmp = GNGGA(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,','); count = 1; Time = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;

13、 Latitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Longitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+

14、1; GPS_Data_tmp.GPSState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.SatelliteNum = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.HDOP = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.altitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(coun

15、t+1)-1);count=count+1;% other = str_tab(index(count)+1:end); % 進(jìn)一步處理 GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = Time(1:2); GPS_Data_tmp.Time.min = Time(3:4); GPS_Data_tmp.Time.sec = Time(5:6); GPS_Data_tmp.Tlisec = Time(8:10); GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree = Latitude(1:2); % 緯度 GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.min = Latit

16、ude(3:4); tmp = str2double(Latitude(6:9); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.degree = Longitude(1:3); % 經(jīng)度 GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.min = Longitude(4:5); tmp = st

17、r2double(Longitude(7:10); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); % UTC時(shí)間轉(zhuǎn)換為北京時(shí)間 hour = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour; if str2num(hour)+8 >= 24 GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)

18、+8-24); else GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)+8); endendfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSA(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,','); count = 1; GPS_Data_tmp.LocationMode = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.CurState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count

19、+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.PRN = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.PDOP = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.HDOP = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.VDOP = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(co

20、unt+1)-1);count=count+1;% other = str_tab(index(count)+1:end);endfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNGSV(str_tab)% 此語(yǔ)句為與衛(wèi)星有關(guān)的信息（包括衛(wèi)星方位，衛(wèi)星編號(hào)）% 暫時(shí)用不著，不處理 GPS_Data_tmp = ;endfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNRMC(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,','); count = 1; Time = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);cou

21、nt=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LocationState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Latitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Longitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);

22、count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.speed = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.TrueDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Date = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-

23、1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticAngle = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;% other = str_tab(index(count)+1:end); % 進(jìn)一步處理 GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = Time(1:2); GPS_Data_tmp.Time.min = Time(3:4

24、); GPS_Data_tmp.Time.sec = Time(5:6); GPS_Data_tmp.Tlisec = Time(8:10); GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree = Latitude(1:2); % 緯度 GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.min = Latitude(3:4); tmp = str2double(Latitude(6:9); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Dat

25、a_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.degree = Longitude(1:3); % 經(jīng)度 GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.min = Longitude(4:5); tmp = str2double(Longitude(7:10); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude

26、.millisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.day = Date(1:2); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.month = Date(3:4); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.year = Date(5:6); % UTC時(shí)間轉(zhuǎn)換為北京時(shí)間 hour = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour; if str2num(hour)+8 >= 24 GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)+8-24); else GPS_Data_tmp.Tim

27、e.hour = num2str(str2num(hour)+8); endendfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNVTG(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,','); count = 1; GPS_Data_tmp.TrueDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceTrueDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_

28、Data_tmp.RelativeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceRelativeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.step = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.stepflag = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(

29、count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.velocity = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;% other = str_tab(index(count)+1:end);endfunction GPS_Data_tmp = GNGLL(str_tab) index = strfind(str_tab,','); count = 1; Latitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1

30、; GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Longitude = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1; Date = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;

31、GPS_Data_tmp.LocationState = str_tab(index(count)+1:index(count+1)-1);count=count+1;% other = str_tab(index(count)+1:end); % 進(jìn)一步處理 GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree = Latitude(1:2); % 緯度 GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.min = Latitude(3:4); tmp = str2double(Latitude(6:9); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS

32、_Data_tmp.Latitude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.degree = Longitude(1:3); % 經(jīng)度 GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.min = Longitude(4:5); tmp = str2double(Longitude(7:10); tmp = tmp*6/1000; % tmp = tmp/10000*60; GPS_Data_tmp.Longit

33、ude.sec = num2str(floor(tmp); GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec = num2str(tmp-floor(tmp)*10000); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.day = Date(1:2); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.month = Date(3:4); GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.year = Date(5:6);end% 更新獲取到的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)function GPS_Data = Updata_GPU_Data(GPS_Data,GPS_Data_tmp)% 用不到的數(shù)據(jù)可以注釋掉 if isfield(

34、GPS_Data_tmp,'Time') = 1 GPS_Data.Time.hour = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.hour; GPS_Data.Time.min = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.min; GPS_Data.Time.sec = GPS_Data_tmp.Time.sec; GPS_Data.Tlisec = GPS_Data_tmp.Tlisec; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'DATE') = 1 GPS_Data.DATE.day = GPS_Data_tmp.DA

35、TE.day; GPS_Data.DATE.month = GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.month; GPS_Data.DATE.year = GPS_Data_tmp.DATE.year; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'Latitude') = 1 GPS_Data.Latitude.degree = GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.degree; GPS_Data.Latitude.min = GPS_Data_tmp.Latitude.min; GPS_Data.Latitude.sec = GPS_Data_tmp.Lat

36、itude.sec; GPS_Data.Llisec = GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'LatitudeDir') = 1 GPS_Data.LatitudeDir = GPS_Data_tmp.LatitudeDir; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'Longitude') = 1 GPS_Data.Longitude.degree = GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.degree; GPS_Data.Lon

37、gitude.min = GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.min; GPS_Data.Longitude.sec = GPS_Data_tmp.Longitude.sec; GPS_Data.Llisec = GPS_Data_tmp.Llisec; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'LongitudeDir') = 1 GPS_Data.LongitudeDir = GPS_Data_tmp.LongitudeDir; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'GPS

38、State') = 1 GPS_Data.GPSState = GPS_Data_tmp.GPSState; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'SatelliteNum') = 1 GPS_Data.SatelliteNum = GPS_Data_tmp.SatelliteNum; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'speed') = 1 GPS_Data.speed = GPS_Data_tmp.speed; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'velocity')

39、= 1 GPS_Data.velocity = GPS_Data_tmp.velocity; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'LocationState') = 1 GPS_Data.LocationState = GPS_Data_tmp.LocationState; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'altitude') = 1 GPS_Data.altitude = GPS_Data_tmp.altitude; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'CurState')

40、= 1 GPS_Data.CurState = GPS_Data_tmp.CurState; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'LocationMode') = 1 GPS_Data.LocationMode = GPS_Data_tmp.LocationMode; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'HDOP') = 1 GPS_Data.HDOP = GPS_Data_tmp.HDOP; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'VDOP') = 1 GPS_Data.VDOP =

41、 GPS_Data_tmp.VDOP; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'PDOP') = 1 GPS_Data.PDOP = GPS_Data_tmp.PDOP; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'TrueDir') = 1 GPS_Data.TrueDir = GPS_Data_tmp.TrueDir; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'MagneticAngle') = 1 GPS_Data.MagneticAngle = GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticAn

42、gle; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'MagneticDir') = 1 GPS_Data.MagneticDir = GPS_Data_tmp.MagneticDir; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'ReferenceTrueDir') = 1 GPS_Data.ReferenceTrueDir = GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceTrueDir; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'RelativeDir') = 1 GPS_Data.Relative

43、Dir = GPS_Data_tmp.RelativeDir; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'ReferenceRelativeDir') = 1 GPS_Data.ReferenceRelativeDir = GPS_Data_tmp.ReferenceRelativeDir; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'step') = 1 GPS_Data.step = GPS_Data_tmp.step; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'stepflag') = 1 GP

44、S_Data.stepflag = GPS_Data_tmp.stepflag; end if isfield(GPS_Data_tmp,'PRN') = 1 GPS_Data.PRN = GPS_Data_tmp.PRN; endend% 顯示相關(guān)GPS數(shù)據(jù)function show_GPS_Data(GPS_Data) DataAndTime = sprintf('20%02s-%02s-%02s %02s:%02s:%02s:%03s',. GPS_Data.DATE.year,GPS_Data.DATE.month,GPS_Data.DATE.day,.

45、 GPS_Data.Time.hour,GPS_Data.Time.min,GPS_Data.Time.sec,GPS_Data.Tlisec); Location = sprintf(' %s:%02s°%02s%03s%04s,%s:%02s°%02s%03s%04s',. GPS_Data.LatitudeDir,GPS_Data.Latitude.degree,GPS_Data.Latitude.min,GPS_Data.Latitude.sec,GPS_Data.Llisec,. GPS_Data.Longitu

46、deDir,GPS_Data.Longitude.degree,GPS_Data.Longitude.min,GPS_Data.Longitude.sec,GPS_Data.Llisec);% Others = sprintf(' GPSState:%s,SatelliteNum:%02s,Speed:%03s,Velocity:%s,LocationState:%s',.% GPS_Data.GPSState,GPS_Data.SatelliteNum,GPS_Data.speed,GPS_Data.velocity,GPS_Data.Location

47、State);% show_Message_str(strcat(DataAndTime,Location,Others); show_Message_str(strcat(DataAndTime,Location);end% 初始化GPS數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)體function GPS_Data = GPS_Init() GPS_Data.Time.hour = '0' GPS_Data.Time.min = '0' GPS_Data.Time.sec = '0' GPS_Data.Tlisec = '0' GPS_Data.DATE.day = '29' GPS_Data.DATE.month = '8'