人教版八年級英語下冊單元語法歸納及練習全套

1、人教版八年級英語下冊單元語法歸納及練習全套Unit 1重點語法教學目標：掌握情態(tài)動詞should的用法掌握反身代詞的用法1 .情態(tài)動詞should的用法（1 ）情態(tài)動詞should后接動詞原形，變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋾r將should提前，變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r在should后面加not。We should listen to our teacher carefully in class.Should I tell him the news right now?We shouldn' t come late to school.（2 ） should常用于以下兩種情況：提出建議、觀點或看法。You loo

2、 tired. You should lie down and rest.表示推測，意為“該，按理應當”。Wait a minute. I thin he should come in a moment.2 .反身代詞3 1 ）反身代詞的構(gòu)成反身代詞是表示或強調(diào)自身的代詞，有人稱和數(shù)之分。第一、二人稱反身代詞由“形容 詞性物主代詞+ self （ 單數(shù)）或selves （復數(shù)）”構(gòu)成；第三人稱則由“賓格人稱 代詞+ self （ 單數(shù)）或selves （ 復數(shù)）”構(gòu)成。詳見下表：人稱單數(shù)復數(shù)（-selves ）第一人稱myself 我自己ourselves 我們 自 己第二人稱yourself

3、 你自己yourselves 你們 自 己第三人稱himself 他自己themselves 他/ 她/ 它herself 她自己itself 它自己們自己(2 )反身代詞的用法做賓語You must loo after yourself well and eep healthy.The child can dress himself.做同位語He didn ' t often go shopping himself.=He himself didn ' t often go shopping.做主語在現(xiàn)代英語中，反身代詞一般不能獨立用作主語，但是它可以借助and, or, n

4、or 等連詞與其他名詞一起構(gòu)成并列主語(且位于并列主語的后部)，以及用于某些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)(如 as.as 等)。My brother and myself went there yesterday.He was as anious as myself.Jim' s sister and himself get up at si every day.(3 )含反身代詞的短語小結(jié)by oneself 獨自，單獨for oneself 親自teach oneself 自學learn.by oneself自學enjoy oneself玩得開心say to oneself自 言自語dress one

5、self 穿衣®help oneself to.隨 意吃/ 喝點.I am able to do it by myself.I teach myself English in my spare time.They enjoyed themselves at the party.基礎鞏固1. Many people play with mobile phones all day instead of reading boos.That s too bad. Everyone be a boo lover. Reading is more enjoyable.A. may B. shou

6、ld C. would2. Your uncle is very good at cooing! How did he learn it ?He learned it by .A. Him B. himself C. her D. herself專項提升一、單句語法填空1. We should ( learn ) to study by ourselves.2. After coming bac from the storm, she felt she was not ( she ).3. “ You re old enough, boy. You d better do it ( you )

7、.” my fathersaid to me.4. It s too dangerous for the young children to play near the river by ( they ).5. My brother is always strict with ( he ).二、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子6. 你應該聽你父母的話。You your parents.7. 他們不應該在走廊里跑。They in the hallway.8. 昨天他們在聚會上玩得很開心。They at the party yesterday.9. 沒有人教她，她自學了英語。Nobody taught her

8、 and she English .10. 我們應該做什么？we do?能力提升單項填空1. Lina and itty will go to Greenery Theme Par by net Sunday.A. they B. them C. their D. themselves2. Dogsrun through soccer games at the par. Its dangerous!A. should B. shouldn t C. need D. needn t3. Lucily, he didn t hurt terribly yesterday, and he will

9、be bettersoon.A. he B. themselves C. himself D. they4. To my surprise, he sold house at such a low price.A. he B. him C. his D. himself5. Did you mae the ite , ids?No, our uncle made it for us.A. yourselves B. yourself C. themselves6. As middle school students, we be afraid of difficulties if we wan

10、tto mae our dreams come true.A. must B. shouldn t C. need7. Peter doesn t feel sure of in his new school.A. he B. him C. his D. himself基礎鞏固1-2 BB專項提升1. learn 2. herself 3. yourself 4. themselves 5. himself 6. should listento 7. shouldn t run 8. enjoyed themselves/ had fun 9. learned; by herself10. W

11、hat should能力提升1-5 DBCCA 6-7 BDUnit 2 重點語法教學目標：掌握不定式幾種重要用法1 . 動詞不定式動詞不定式的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“to + 動詞原形”(有時可不加to ) 。在句中除了不能充當謂語外，其他成分都可以充當，如：主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語、賓語補足語等。此處主要講做賓語補足語和狀語的用法。( 1 ) 做賓語補足語。動詞不定式做賓語補足語，放在賓語的后面，表示賓語是什么或怎么樣。有to do 和to be 兩種形式。The doctor advised him to tae a good rest.I find English to be very eas

12、y.注意：在 as, tell, encourage, get, wish, want, would lie, find, advise, teach等動詞或短語之后，常接帶to 的不定式做賓語補足語。We ased him to sing a pop song at the party.我們請他在聚會上唱一首流行歌曲。動詞不定式做賓語補足語時，不定式符號to 在使役動詞( have, mae, let ) 、感官動詞 ( feel, hear, watch, see, notice等 ) 的后面時要省略。但它們變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，不定式符號to不能省略。The boss made the wor

13、ers wor over ten hours a day in the past.=The worers were made to wor over ten hours a day by the boss in the past.動詞help接不定式做賓語補足語時，不定式符號 to可省略也可不省略。He often comes to help us ( to ) do some farm wor.拓展動詞不定式在listen to, loo at后做賓語補足語時，常省略to。I listened to him sing.我聽到他唱歌。動詞不定式在had better等詞組后做賓語時，省略to。

14、You' d better go home at once.(2 ) 做狀語表目的：不定式可放在句子的前面也可放在句子的末尾。但在旬中前面時，不定式常與句子用逗號隔開；而在句子末尾時，一般不用逗號隔開。To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning.We set out at five in the morning to get there on time.表結(jié)果：不定式做結(jié)果狀語，一般位于句子末尾。I went to the classroom, to discover it empty.2 .動詞短語動詞短語是指動詞和

15、介詞或副詞等搭配而成的短語，如 clean up, give out, cheer up, put off, set up, thin up, tae after, fi up, give away, put up, hand out等。動詞短語主要有以下四種構(gòu)成形式：(1 ) 動詞+介詞這類動詞短語主要有：agree with, as for, arrive at / in, begin with , comefrom, get to , get on, get off, hear of, noc at / on, laugh at, loo at, loo after,loo for, l

16、isten to, wait for, tae after等。注意：這類動詞短語后面的賓語無論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之后。I am looing for my pen. I have been looing for it for two hours.( 2 ) 動詞 + 副詞這類動詞短語主要有：find out, get bac, give out, loo up, put on, put up, putoff, pass on, turn on / off, tae out, write down, wae up, wor out, put away,thin up 等。注意：這類動詞

17、短語后面的賓語是名詞時，名詞可放在副詞之前，也可放在副詞之后；賓語是代詞時，代詞只能放在副詞之前。Please pic up the pen. = Please pic the pen up.Can you pic it up?( 3 ) 動詞 + 名詞 + 介詞這類動詞短語有：have a loo at, maefriends with, pay attention to, tae care of,loo forward to 等。注意：在這類動詞短語中，賓語都放在介詞之后。You should pay more attention to your pronunciation.( 4 ) 動

18、詞 + 形容詞 + 介詞這類動詞短語主要有：be angry with, be busy with, be good / bad for, be differentfrom, be late for, be interested in, be famous for , be good at等。Don t be angry with him. He is only a child.基礎鞏固1. These people dress themselves in bloody shar suits. They tell people shar fins in order to protect sha

19、rs.A. eat B. to eat C. not eat D. not to eat2. Alan often goes to the old people s home up the old and loo afterthem.A. to cheer B. cheer C. cheers3. No one can be right all the time. When people mae mistaes, we shouldn tthem.A. wait for B. send for C. noc at D. laugh at4. Alice, don t put your thin

20、gs here. .O, I will.A. Put away them B. Put on them C. Put them away D. Put them on5. Yunnan is beautiful and I m visiting it again.A. eeping clear ofB. suffering fromC. looing forward toD. running away from6. Hainan its blue sy and fresh air. So it is. That s why more and more visitorsspend their h

21、olidays here.A. is wea in B. is famous for C. is use to專項提升單句語法填空1. He wants ( put ) up some signs asing for old toys.2. Maria plans ( be ) a teacher because she loves children.3. I want to learn more about how ( care ) for animals.4. They will get together ( discuss ) this question.5. Weneed to mae

22、more young people ( learn ) shadowpuppet (木偶) plays so that it won t disappear in China.6. That is the only way we can imagine ( reduce ) the waste of waterin the bathroom.7. Last year, she decided ( try ) out for a volunteer after-school readingprogram.8. Would you lie ( go ) and have a picnic with

23、 us tomorrow?9. She hopes ( be ) a volunteer during this summer vacation.10. Please promise ( not tell ) lies any more, will you?能力提升單項填空11. The girl was made her brother s clothes.A. to wash B. wash C. washing12. Mysister with myparents dumplings whenI got homeyesterday evening.A. are maing B. is m

24、aing C. was maing D. were maing13. Who your pet dogs while you were out for a holiday?My neighbor, a warm-hearted woman.A. put on B. looed after C. gave up D. turned off14. Our teacher a booshelf at the bac of our classroom to mae a smallreading corner.A. piced up B. put up C. too up D. got up15. Th

25、e light went out suddenly. It was very dar and could be seen clearly.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything16. How do you lie this speech?I lie it very much and it can me to achieve my dream.A. cheer; up B. connect; with C. let; down D. tae; up17. On my way home, I saw a granny (奶奶)fall d

26、own. I offered help first andthen the police.A. called up B. cared for C. cheered up D. found out答案：基礎鞏固：1-6 DADCCB專項提升：1. to put 2. to be 3. to care 4. to discuss 5. learn 6. to reduce7. to try 8. to go 9. to be 10. not to tell能力提升：1-5 ACBBC 6-7 AAUnit 3 重點語法教學目標：掌握Could you please.?句型的用法Could you

27、please.?句型( 1 ) 請求別人幫忙做某事時通常用此句型，也可以說：Can you .please? 情態(tài)動詞 could 或 can 在這里均表示請求，在意思上無區(qū)別，但是用could 比 can 在語氣上更顯得委婉、客氣、誠懇。在日常生活中常使用Could you / I.?若在句末加上 please ，則顯得更禮貌。Could you please help me find my boo, please?你能幫我找到我的書嗎？( 2 ) 對 Could you / I.? 的問句做出肯定回答，常用“Sure/Certainly/Ofcourse. ”等；如果做否定回答，常用“So

28、rry./ Oh, please don t. ”一般不用 no開頭，用no 顯得語氣生硬、不禮貌。Could you give me a bottle of orange juice, please?Sure. Here you are.Could you carry the bo for me?Sorry, I can t. I m busy now.( 3 ) 表示請求的其他句式：Would you please lie to do sth.?Would you mind doing sth.?Let s do sth.Shall I / we do sth.?Please do sth

29、.典型例題基礎鞏固1. Hi, Jac! Could you come to our English party?Sorry, I . I have to loo after my little sister at home.A. must B. could C. can t2. Jeff, could you tell me how to order a tai through“ Didi.A. You re welcome B. Sure C. Tae it easy D. It doesn t matter3. Could I borrow your bie please?A. Of c

30、ourse you can B. It doesn t matterC.Yes, I d love to D. No, than you4. Could you please sweep the floor? I m going to coo dinner?. I ll do it at once, Mom.5. Could I use your pencil for a moment, please?A. Sure B. Really C. Right D. It doesn t matter專項提升用 can t , could, must 與 have to 填空6. you lend

31、me some money?Sure. How much do you need?7. you please clean the living room 、-Sorry, I. I do my homewor now.8. Li Yundi play the piano very well then he was 7 years old.9. - Could I go out for dinner 、-No, you do your homewor.10. - What about seeing a new film this evening?-I am afraid I. I finish

32、my math eercises this evening.答案：1-5 CBADA6. Could 7. Could; can' t; have to/ must 8. could 9. have to / must 10. can' t; have to/ mustUnit 4 重點語法教學目標：掌握表達建議的常考句型。掌握連詞until, so that 及although引導的狀語從句的用法1 .提建議的常用表達(1 ) 常用表達Whydon' t you do sth.? 相當于 Whynot do sth.? 意為“你為什么不做某事呢？” 。Why don&

33、#39; t you tal to your parents? = Why not tal to your parents?What/ How about ( doing ) sth.? 意為“(做)某事怎么樣 / 好嗎？ ”。What/ How about having dinner with me?Let ' s do sth. 意為“咱們做某事吧”。Let' s mae a birthday card for her.You should ( not ) do sth. 意為“你(不)應該做某事”You should ( not ) do more eercise.You

34、' d better ( not ) do sth. 意為“你最好(不)做某事”。You' d better ( not ) go out. Would you lie sth./to do sth.?意為“你想要某物/做某事嗎”Would you lie to have a try?You could do sth. 意為“你可以做某事”。You could write to her.(2 ) 常用答語肯定回答Goodidea! / That' s a good idea! O. / All right. / Great. / Yes. Please./ I '

35、; d love to.No problem./ Sounds good/ great./ I agree with you.否定回答I don ' t thin so.I ' d love/ lie to, but I have to.That sounds boringI ' m afraidSorry, I can ' t./ Sorry, but.2 .連tuntil, so that 及although引導的狀語從句(1 ) not. until.的用法until意為“直到.”。單獨使用時，until和till通常可以互換使用，但要注意 的是till一

36、般只用于句中，而until即可以放在句首，也可以放在旬末。The noise of the street didn ' t stop until midnight.He lived with his parents until/ till he graduated from college.注意：當主句的動詞為非延續(xù)性動詞時，要用notuntil結(jié)構(gòu)；當主句的動詞為延續(xù)性動詞時，可用till 或until 。(2 ) so that引導的目的或結(jié)果狀語從句so that 意為“以便”，引導目的狀語從句時，一般放在主句后，且不用逗號隔開。 目的狀語從句表示動機(即一種可能性)，而非事實。

37、因此，從句中常含有 can, will, could, would, should等情態(tài)動詞。He too a tai so that he could get there earlier.so that意為“以致于；結(jié)果”，引導結(jié)果狀語從句，陳述的是客觀事實，常常不帶 情態(tài)動詞。I studied English hard so that I passed the English eam.(3 ) although conj. 雖然做連詞時，although和though通?？梢韵嗷マD(zhuǎn)換。Although/ though she smiled, she was angry.although

38、常放在從句的開頭，當用連接詞語或短語時，though更為常用且位置靈 活，不僅局限在開頭。Wiser though poorer盡管窮一些但更有頭腦以下情況只用though oa.與even連用時用though表示強調(diào)，這里的even though = even if，意為“即使也b.當讓步狀語從句指某種假設情況時，通常用 though,而不用although。Though all the world were against me, I should still hold to my opinion.就算全世界都反對我，我還是堅持我的觀點。c. Though可以獨立用作副詞，常放在句末，意為

39、“還是，仍然，可是，然而” .It ' s hard wor. I enjoy it, though.though引導讓步狀語從句時可以倒裝，而 although引導的讓步狀語從句則不能。Bravely though they fought, they had no chance of winning.注意： although 和 though 在句中不能與but 連用，但可與副詞yet 連用。即句中用了although 或 though 就不能再使用but 了。Although it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.基礎練習1

40、. invite Tom and Sally to the party tonight?Good idea. I ll give them a call right now.A. Why B. Why not C. What about2. We can invite Nic and Nora to Shanghai Disneyland with us.? I ll give them a call right now.A. Why not B. What for C. Why D. What3. The group had to wait after 12 to chec in at th

41、e hotel.A. from B. until C. for D. at4. The little boy is saving every coin he can buy his mother a presenton Mother s Day.A. even if B. so that C. as soon as5. “ A white elephant ” means something that is useless, it may costa lot of money.A. unless B. until C. since D. although6. Did you win the g

42、ame yesterday?Not really. we all tried our best, we lost it.A. If B. Though C. Unless專項提升用適當?shù)倪B詞填空1. they may not succeed, they will try their best.2. He will come here right away he hears the news.3. Tom new nothing about it his sister told him.4. The teacher speas very loudly all the students can h

43、ear her.5. We can easily become unhappy we wor out our problems in our dailylife.能力提升1. What a fine day! Let s go fishing. When shall we go?A. Very well B. Good idea C. Well done D. My pleasure2. How do you lie your new school, ate?It is very clean and beautiful it is a bit small.A. if B. since C. u

44、nless D. although3. I didn t accept his help I wanted to try it myself.A. because B. though C. until D. unless4. I looed through my test paper again and again I wouldn t mae anymistaes.A. so B. because C. so that答案：基礎練習1-6 BABBDB專項提升1. Although/ though 2. as soon as 3. until 4. so that 5. unless能力提升

45、1-4 BDACUnit 5 重點語法教學目標：掌握過去進行時的用法及跟一般過去時的區(qū)別掌握when和while用法及區(qū)別1.過去進行時(1 ) 過去進行時的用法。過去進行時表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，由“was / were+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。現(xiàn)以動詞wor為例，其肯定式、否定式和疑問句式見下表：白式否定式I/ He / She was woring.We/ You/ They were woring.I / He / It was not woring.We / You / They were not woring.疑問式和簡略回答Was I woring?Yes,

46、you were.No, you were not.Were you woring?Yes, I was.No, I wasn ' tWas he/ she/ it woring?Yes, he/ she/ it was.No, he/ she/ it wasn t.Were we/ you/ they woring?Yes, you/ we/ they were.No, you/ we/ they weren' t.表示過去進行時的時間狀語有： at that time, this time yesterday, at ten yesterday evening, from

47、eight to twelve yesterday 以及 when, while 弓I導的時間狀語從旬。It was raining at 6 o ' cloc this morning.What were you doing this time last night?He was sleeping when the UFO arrived.(2 )與一般過去時的區(qū)別。表示已完成的動作用一般過去時，未完成的動作則可用過去進行時。I wrote a letter this morning.I was writing a letter this morning.一般過去時側(cè)重于敘述事實，過

48、去進行時則側(cè)重于動作的持續(xù)性，從而更具描繪性。It snowed last night. It ' s all white outside now.It was snowing last night, so it was very cold.兩個動作同時發(fā)生時，較短的動作可用一般過去時，而較長時間的動作可以用過去 進行時表示。Mom was taling with Sue ' s teacher when Sue entered the room.2. When與while的區(qū)別Whenffi while都可以引導時間狀語從句，表示“當.時候”，但是二者之間又有區(qū)別。(1 )

49、when引導的時間狀語從句中的動詞可以是非延續(xù)性動詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動詞， 而while從句中的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。I was watching TV when you called me.It began to rain while we were waling in the par.(2 ) when 說明從何動作和主句動作可同時發(fā)生，也可先后發(fā)生。而 while強調(diào)主句 動作在從何動作發(fā)生的過程中同時發(fā)生。When the pot fell to pieces, the girl began to realie that she was not alone.( 3 ) when 或 w

50、hile 引導的時間狀語從句可以相互改寫，但while 引導的句子常用進行時態(tài)。When they came in, the girl was dancing.= While the girl was dancing, they came in.( 4 ) while 還可以做并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，表示“對比關(guān)系”，有輕微的轉(zhuǎn)折之意。She is very outgoing, while her sister is a little shy.基礎鞏固1. My mother dinner when I got home yesterday.A. has cooed B. was cooin

51、g C. will coo D. coos2. The engineers a new computer in our classroom the whole yesterdaymorning, so we had our classes in the school hall.A. were fiing B. fied C. have fied D. are fiing3. I got home, my sister was doing her homewor.A. When B. Because C. If D. Though專項提升一、用when或while填空1. I came in,

52、she was writing a letter.2. I was sleeping, a thief went into my house.3. He was singing I was writing.4. I got to Beijing, I called up Lily first.5. They were singing we were dancing.二、單句語法填空6. We ( do ) our homewor at 840 last Sunday.7. She ( read ) at that time.8. They ( watch ) TV from 8 to 10 l

53、ast night.9. When my father came in, I ( sing ).10. you ( read ) the newspaper when the phone rang?能力提升一、單項填空11. Where were you when I called?I on the bed.A. lied B. was lying C. lay D. was lieing12. Steve TV in the living room when his mother came in.A. was watching B. watches C. is watching13. He

54、newspaper when the earthquae happened in Japan.A. was looing throughB. looed throughC. had looed through4. Could you tell me where you found Miss Gao just now?Certainly. In the principal s office. They happily at that time.A. are taling B. have taled C. were taling5. I was writing a letter she was m

55、aing a telephone call.A. while B. when C. before二、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子。6. 上星期六上午9 點我在做作業(yè)。I at nine o cloc last Saturday morning.7. 當托尼在玩電腦游戲的時候，湯姆在看雜志Tom was reading the magaine while Tony computer games.8. 我昨天晚上回時，媽媽正在廚房做飯。When I came bac yesterday evening, my mother .9. 他們過幾天就動身去倫敦了。They London a few days later.10. 那時她沒在看電視。She at that moment.答案：基礎鞏固1-3 BAA專項提升1. When 2. When/ While 3. while 4. When 5. while 6. were doing 7. was reading 8. were watching 9. was singing 10. Were; reading 能力提升1-5 BAACA6. was doing my homewor 7. was playing 8. was cooing in the itchen 9. were leaving for